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Integrating Raman spectroscopy and RT-qPCR for enhanced diagnosis of thyroid lesions: A comparative study of biochemical and molecular markers

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JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL ANALYSIS 2025年 261卷 116844页

作者： Neto, Lazaro P. M. dos santos, laurita Carvalho, Luis Felipe C. S. santos, Andre B. O. Martin, Airton A. Canevari, Renata A. Univ Vale Paraiba UNIVAP Inst Pesquisa & Desenvolvimento Ave Shishima Hifumi 2911 BR-12244000 Sao Jose Dos Campos SP Brazil Pontificia Univ Catolica PUC Minas Dept Ciencias Biol & Saude Ave Padre Cletus Francis Cox 1661 BR-37714620 Pocos De Caldas MG Brazil Univ Brasil Inst Pesquisa Campus Sao PauloRua Carolina Fonseca 235 BR-08230030 Sao Paulo SP Brazil Univ Taubate UNITAU Programa Posgrad Ciencias Saude Taubate Brazil Univ Sao Paulo Hosp Clin Fac Med Ave Doutor Arnaldo 455 BR-01246903 Sao Paulo SP Brazil

Thyroid cancer is the most prevalent endocrine malignancy, with increasing incidence due to advancements in diagnostic techniques. Ultrasound (US) and fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology, widely used in clinical practice, have detection accuracies ranging from 65 % to 95 %. However, these methods may yield inconclusive or difficult-to-interpret results, emphasizing the need for complementary diagnostic techniques. This study explores the integration of Raman spectroscopy and gene expression analysis via RT-qPCR to improve the diagnosis of thyroid lesions, classified into groups: follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC), papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and goiter tissues. Healthy tissue samples were used as normalizing controls in both analysis. Raman spectroscopy analyzed 35 samples, while RT-qPCR assessed 33 samples. For comparison, the same 19 samples previously analyzed by both techniques were examined. Raman spectroscopy, a non-invasive technique, has shown effectiveness in distinguishing between benign and malignant thyroid tissues by identifying key biochemical components such as DNA, RNA, proteins, and lipids. The distinguishing of FTC from goiter using Raman spectroscopy achieved an accuracy rate of 82.3 %. Gene expression analysis via RT-qPCR focused on six genes: TG, TPO, PDGFB, SERPINA1, TFF3, and LGALS3. Specifically, SERPINA1 was overexpressed in PTC, TFF3 showed elevated levels in FTC, and LGALS3 was elevated in both PTC and FTC compared to goiter and normal tissues. These findings align with existing literature, suggesting that these genes could serve as valuable diagnostic molecular markers. The expression analysis of these genes within this subset of samples demonstrated concordance with the classification derived from PCA of Raman spectroscopy data. The integration of Raman spectroscopy and RTqPCR offers a complementary approach to traditional histological analysis, providing enhanced sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing thyroid lesions.

关键词： Thyroid Diagnosis Raman spectroscopy RT-qPCR

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Evaluation of medication errors in electronic medical prescriptions and proposal for correction

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Research on Biomedical Engineering 2020年第1期36卷 59-65页

作者： Riva, Selma Bermejo Menechelli da Costa, Mardoqueu Martins dos santos, laurita Scientifical and Technological Institute Brasil University São Paulo08230-030 Brazil

Purpose: Worldwide, the annual cost associated with medication errors is estimated at US$ 42 billion or almost 1% of the total global health expenditure. In Brazil, analysis and measures to minimize these errors has not been well studied. Thus, the present study identified the errors in electronic medical prescriptions and proposed strategies to minimize such errors. Methods: A total of 1980 medical prescriptions were analyzed in a hospital, with 196 beds and 11 sectors located in Votuporanga, SP, Brazil. The errors were listed: Via, Frequency, Time, Duplication, Absence, Diluents, dose, Medication, and Infusion. The statistical analysis was applied, with a significance level at 5%. Results: The 2621 found errors correspond to 49.49% of the prescriptions analyzed;23.68% contained only one prescription error, 11.06% had two errors, and 14.75% included three or more errors. After the evaluation stage, some errors were corrected, and some improvements were suggested. The correction of dose error decrease of 68% and 30% occurred in the consumption of two drugs. For the correction of diluents and time errors, an assertiveness was generated in all the prescriptions analyzed. Conclusion: A cycle of continuous improvement is proposed for the indicators of medical prescription errors based on four main principles of planning, performing, analyzing, and correcting. The starting point for this process should always be the diagnosis of the main prescription errors. This cycle should be applied annually to reduce prescription errors, thus, offering better treatment to patients and optimizing hospital resources. © 2020, Sociedade Brasileira de Engenharia Biomedica.

关键词： Errors

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DFT:B3LYP/3-21G theoretical insights on the confocal Raman experimental observations in skin dermis of healthy young, healthy elderly, and diabetic elderly women

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JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2016年第12期21卷 125002页

作者： Tellez Soto, Claudio Alberto Pereira, Liliane dos santos, laurita Rajasekaran, Ramu Favero, Priscila Martin, Airton Abrahao Univ Paraiba Valley Inst Res & Dev Lab Biomed Vibrat Spect BR-12244000 Sao Jose Dos Campos SP Brazil Bannari Amman Inst Technol Dept Phys Sathyamangalam 638402 India

In the confocal Raman spectra of skin dermis, the band area in the spectral region of proline and hydroxyproline varies according to the age and health condition of the volunteers, classified as healthy young women, healthy elderly women, and diabetic elderly women. Another observation refers to the intensity variation and negative Raman shift of the amide I band. To understand these effects, we adopted a model system using the DFT/B3LYP:3-21G procedure, considering the amino acid chain formed by glycine, hydroxyproline, proline, and alanine, which interacts with two and six water molecules. Through these systems, polarizability variations were analyzed to correlate its values with the observed Raman intensities of the three groups of volunteers and to assign the vibrational spectra of the skin dermis. As a way to correlate other experimental trends, we propose a model of chemical reaction of water interchange between the bonding amino acids, in which water molecules are attached with glucose by hydrogen bonds. The theoretical results are in accordance with the observed experimental trends. (C) 2016 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)

关键词： DFT/B3LYP:3-21G in vivo confocal Raman spectroscopy skin dermis

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Assessment of heart rate variability by application of central tendency measure

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MEDICAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERING & COMPUTING 2015年第11期53卷 1231-1237页

作者： dos santos, laurita Barroso, Joaquim J. Macau, Elbert E. N. de Godoy, Moacir F. Univ Vale Paraiba UNIVAP Sao Jose Dos Campos SP Brazil Inst Nacl Pesquisas Espacias Sao Jose Dos Campos SP Brazil Fac Med Sao Jose do Rio Preto Famerp Sao Jose Do Rio Preto SP Brazil

The heart rate variability (HRV) is an indicator of the subject homeostasis alterations. For a healthy individual, the HRV shows a nonlinear behavior, thus requiring a nonlinear approach to provide additional information about HRV dynamics. In this work, the nonlinear techniques, central tendency measure (CTM) and second-order difference plot, are applied to HRV analysis using the successive difference of RR intervals in a time series. In total are analyzed 170 tachograms collected by Polar monitor and then classified into three groups according to a cardiologist: healthy young adults, adults in preoperative evaluation for coronary artery bypass grafting for severe coronary disease and premature newborns. This approach identified the tachograms with high and low variability, which demonstrates the ability of CTM to classify and quantitatively characterize cardiac RR intervals.

关键词： RR interval time series Central tendency measure Heart rate variability

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Application of an automatic adaptive filter for Heart Rate Variability analysis

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MEDICAL ENGINEERING & PHYSICS 2013年第12期35卷 1778-1785页

作者： dos santos, laurita Barroso, Joaquim J. Macau, Elbert E. N. de Godoy, Moacir F. Natl Inst Space Res Comp & Appl Math Lab BR-12227010 Sao Jose Dos Campos SP Brazil Natl Inst Space Res Associated Plasma Lab BR-12227010 Sao Jose Dos Campos SP Brazil Sao Jose Do Rio Preto Med Sch Transdisciplinar Nucleus Chaos & Complex Study NU Dept Cardiol & Cardiovasc Surg Sao Jose Do Rio Preto SP Brazil

The presence of artifacts and noise effects in temporal series can seriously hinder the analysis of Heart Rate Variability (HRV). The tachograms should be carefully edited to avoid erroneous interpretations. The physician should carefully analyze the tachogram in order to detect points that might be associated with unlikely biophysical behavior and manually eliminate them from the data series. However, this is a time-consuming procedure. To facilitate the pre-analysis of the tachogram, this study uses a method of data filtering based on an adaptive filter which is quickly able to analyze a large amount of data. The method was applied to 229 time series from a database of patients with different clinical conditions: premature newborns, full-term newborns, healthy young adults, adults submitted to a very-low-calorie diet, and adults under preoperative evaluation for coronary artery bypass grafting. This proposed method is compared to the demanding conventional method, wherein the corrections of occasional ectopic beats and artifacts are usually manually executed by a specialist. To confirm the reliability of the results obtained, correlation coefficients were calculated, using both automatic and manual methods of ltering for each HRV index selected. A high correlation between the results was found, with highly significant p values, for all cases, except for some parameters analyzed in the premature newborns group, an issue that is thoroughly discussed. The authors concluded that the proposed adaptive filtering method helps to efficiently handle the task of editing temporal series for HRV analysis. (C) 2013 IPEM. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Heart Rate Variability Automatic adaptive filter Time series

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Comparison of the acyclovir release carried in chitosan-based microstructured systems

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POLYMER BULLETIN 2024年第6期81卷 4953-4967页

作者： da Silva, Bruno Batista Menezes, Jorge Eduardo da Costa, Mardoqueu Martins dos santos, laurita Sanfelice, Rafaela Cristina Pavinatto, Adriana Brazil Univ Sci & Technol Inst BR-08230030 Sao Paulo SP Brazil Univ Fed Alfenas Sci & Technol Inst BR-37715400 Pocos De Caldas MG Brazil

Herpes simplex virus infections are caused by two types (1 and 2) of the virus, being endemic worldwide and a frequent public health concern. For treatment, the drug of first choice is acyclovir (ACV), which acts by inhibiting viral DNA polymerase. However, its topical use in the form of ointments requires frequent application to achieve the desired efficacy, as it has low permeation. In this context, the use of biomaterials such chitosan (CS) as a carrier in the controlled release of drugs is an interesting alternative in health area. In the present work, CS-based membranes, microcapsules, and membrane/microcapsules were produced and characterized for encapsulation and release of the ACV. The membranes were produced using the casting technique, and the microcapsules were obtained through ionotropic gelation. The microstructures were characterized by infrared spectroscopy (FTIRATR), X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, mass loss and gain through water absorption tests, mechanical analysis, and release tests. Membranes with 23-33 +/- 3 mu m of thickness and microcapsules with similar to 1 mm of diameter were produced. FTIR spectra shows the typical vibrational regions related to the formed materials chemical groups. The found modulus of elasticity was 2.2 x 10(3), 1.5 x 10(3) and 1.1 x 10(3) MPa for CS, CS/glycerol 30% and CS/glycerol 30%/ACV membranes, respectively, suggesting higher rigidity for pure CS and least rigidity for ACV-containing membranes. TGA results show that all membranes are thermally stable up to 200 degrees C. The microcapsules and membrane/microcapsules systems showed better stability in drug encapsulation. Regarding to release assay, all microstructures demonstrate total ACV release, being calculated 101.5, 93.8, and 107.2% of concentration released for membrane, microcapsules, and membrane/capsules systems, respectively. The membrane/microcapsules modulated the release in 1 h and 20 min, with peak concent

关键词： Chitosan Microstructures Drug-release Acyclovir

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In vivo intra- and inter -individual variability study of human stratum corneum by confocal Raman spectroscopy

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VIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOPY 2016年 87卷 199-206页

作者： dos santos, laurita Rangel, Joao Lucas Tippavajhala, Vamshi Krishna Pereira da Silva, Michely Glenda Mogilevych, Borys Martin, Airton Abrahao Univ Vale Paraiba UNIVAP Res & Dev Inst IP&D Lab Biomed Vibrat Spect LEVB Av Shishima Hifumi 2911 BR-12244000 Sao Jose Dos Campos SP Brazil Manipal Univ Manipal Coll Pharmaceut Sci Dept Pharmaceut Manipal Karnataka India

The present research work deals with the in vivo determination of intra- and inter-individual human stratum corneum biochemical variability using confocal Raman spectroscopy. This study was carried out at three different spots on the volar forearm region of healthy human participants in the extended fingerprint and high wavenumber spectral regions. All the preprocessed spectra were compared by correlation matrices, which were calculated using Pearson's correlation coefficient (r). The results indicate that the participated volunteers in this study are homogenous with respect to the stratum corneum in the forearm region in both extended fingerprint and high wavenumber regions as there is high correlation between their Raman spectra at both intra- and inter-individual levels. This study confirms the application of confocal Raman spectroscopy as an accurate and precise technique for in vivo studies involving human skin. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： In vivo human skin variability Intra and inter-individual variability Confocal Raman spectroscopy

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Applicability of Neurometry in Assessing Anxiety Levels in Students 27th

Applicability of Neurometry in Assessing Anxiety Levels in S...

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27th Brazilian Congress on Biomedical Engineering (CBEB)

作者： Meneses, Aline M. D. Amaral, Marcello M. dos santos, laurita Univ Brasil Inst Cient & Tecnol Sao Paulo Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9783030706012;9783030706005

Therapeutic procedures capable of evaluating and positively intervening in the reduction of anxiety disorders is essential, and Functional Neurometry is a good option. In this method, neurophysiological signals emitted by the human body are captured to assess and train the behavior of the patient. This study aimed to evaluate the applicability of Neurometry in the Assessment of Anxiety Levels in undergraduate students from the Psychology course of a private educational institution. Thirty students participated in this controlled and randomized clinical trial including 26 female and 4 male students. The experimental protocol involves the application of 4 instruments: sociodemographic and lifestyle questionnaire;Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI);salivary cortisol measurement;and Neurometry applied according to the sound anxiety protocol (SAP). The interventions were carried out in two different stages (time cuts): in the first assessment, all 4 instruments were applied for each student. They were done when the students were busy with semester evaluations, finishing internships, and making practice reports. At the second assessment, they were returning from vacation, and only the BAI and neurometry protocol were applied. In stage 1, only 4 students (13.4%) had salivary cortisol levels above the reference value. For BAI, 16 students (53.3%) showed severe anxiety. In terms of neurometry protocol, 13 students presented level 5 (anxiety control in the exhaustion phase or physical and psychological exhaustion to stress). In stage two, the severe anxiety index fell for 13 students (43.3%), while the index 5 (anxiety control in the exhaustion phase/physical and psychological exhaustion due to stress) appeared for 12 students (40%). The results obtained point to neurometry as an efficient instrument for measuring anxiety levels.

关键词： Anxiety Undergraduate students Neurometry Anxiety assessment Salivary cortisol

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A pilot study using the LASCA technique to analyze stress using heart rate variability

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LASERS IN MEDICAL SCIENCE 2024年第1期39卷 220页

作者： de Carvalho, Claudia Maria Sousa Costa, Davidson Ribeiro Cruz, Angelica Victoria dos santos, laurita Amaral, Marcello Magri Univ Brasil Ave Coronel Costa Araujo2184-Apartamento 602 Teresina Piaui Brazil CPAF Teresina Brazil Univ Brasil Biomed Engn Rua Carolina Fonsesca 235 Sao Paulo Brazil

In the quest to uncover biological cues that help explain organic changes brought on by an external stimulus, like stress, new technologies have become necessary. The Laser Speckle Contrast Analysis (LASCA) approach is one of these technologies that may be used to analyze biological data, including respiratory rate (RR) intervals, and then use the results to determine heart rate variability (HRV Thus, to evaluate the stress brought on by physical activity, this study used the LASCA approach. A stress induction procedure involving physical exertion was employed, and the results were compared to other established techniques (cortisol analysis and ECG signal) to verify the LASCA methodology as a tool for measuring HRV and stress. The study sample comprised 27 willing participants. The technique involving LASCA allowed for the non-invasive (non-contact) acquisition of HRV and the study of stress. Furthermore, it made it possible to gather pertinent data, such as recognizing modifications to the thermoregulation, peripheral vasomotor tonus, and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone systems that were brought on by elevated stress and, as a result, variations in HRV readings.

关键词： Laser speckle contrast analysis Heart rate variability Stress induction Respiratory rate Non-invasive monitoring

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A clinical study on the efficacy of high frequency therapy on nasolabial and periorbital wrinkles

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JOURNAL OF COSMETIC AND LASER THERAPY 2024年第5-8期26卷 114-121页

作者： dos santos, Ana Keila Ferreira Martignago, Cintia Cristina Santi de Andrade, Ana Laura Martins Assis, Livia Pessoa, Rodrigo Savio Costa, Danieldos Anjos dos santos, laurita Tim, Carla Univ Brasil Postgrad Program Biomed Engn Sao Paulo SP Brazil Univ Fed Sao Paulo Dept Biosci Santos SP Brazil Inst Tecnol Aeronaut ITA Dept Aerosp Sci & Technol Sao Jose Dos Campos SP Brazil Inst Fed Educ Ciencia & Tecnol Bahia Salvador BA Brazil

The high-frequency generator is considered a collagen stimulator and skin revitalizer, however there are few studies exploring its effects in the field of rejuvenation and aesthetics. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the impact of high frequency generator therapy on facial aging. A total of 26 participants aged between 50 and 60 years were selected and received high frequency generator treatment for eight weeks. The evaluation was conducted using a combination of photographic records and assessment tools, including Rosenberg scale, perception and satisfaction with treatment evaluation, overall aesthetic improvement scale, and modified Fitzpatrick scale. The analysis conducted by the Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale yielded significant results. The Modified Fitzpatrick Wrinkle Scale showed that high frequency therapy led to statistically significant improvements in the appearance of nasolabial wrinkles (right T0: 1.48, T8: 0.87;left T0: 1.51, T8: 1.05) and periorbital wrinkles (right T0: 1.69, T8: 1.05;left T0: 1.71, T8: 1.08). In conclusion, high frequency generator therapy can be a highly effective tool for treating skin aging on the face, however, we recommend that future research includes control groups, and adopts objective measures to expand knowledge about the effects of high frequency.

关键词： Aesthetic dermatology high frequency generator skin aging photoaging nasolabial wrinkles periorbital wrinkles

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