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汽车工程 2024年第9期46卷 1707-1714页

作者：周峰田旭文李红旗北京工业大学制冷与低温工程系北京100124 传热强化与过程节能教育部重点实验室北京100124

空调作为整车系统中环境调控的关键子系统,其全生命周期的碳排放对于电动汽车的环保和排放要求至关重要。本文结合汽车空调系统全生命周期气候性能LCCP模型及相关数据,对全国各省份电动汽车空调系统的LCCP情况进行分析,同时对两种不同... 详细信息

空调作为整车系统中环境调控的关键子系统,其全生命周期的碳排放对于电动汽车的环保和排放要求至关重要。本文结合汽车空调系统全生命周期气候性能LCCP模型及相关数据,对全国各省份电动汽车空调系统的LCCP情况进行分析,同时对两种不同制热方案以及不同电力碳强度下的LCCP进行了比较分析。结果表明,RE170/R134a低GWP混合工质(二甲醚与R134a质量分数比90∶10)替换后电动汽车空调LCCP值降低了11.2%~28.1%,而采用热泵替换PTC电加热器后电动汽车空调LCCP值降低了0~33.1%,此外,随着未来我国电力碳强度与电动汽车保有量的变化,至2035年单辆车的LCCP值将会下降31.7%~39.3%,而全国整体电动汽车LCCP值将大幅上升。

关键词：低GWP混合工质全生命周期气候性能空调系统电动汽车

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Seabed erosion and deposition formulas applied to a 2D hydrodynamic harbor engineering simulation

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ARABIAN JOURNAL OF GEOSCIENCES 2022年第6期15卷 1-19页

作者： li, Yuting Fang, xuwen li, Ruijie Song, Zhiyao Peng, Guoqiang Chen, Peng Nanjing Normal Univ Key Lab Virtual Geog Environm Minist Educ PRC Nanjing 210023 Peoples R China Nanjing Normal Univ State Key Lab Cultivat Base Geog Environm Evolut Nanjing 210023 Peoples R China Nanjing Normal Univ Jiangsu Ctr Collaborat Innovat Geog Informat Reso Nanjing 210023 Peoples R China Xiamen Univ Coll Ocean & Earth Sci Xiamen 361102 Peoples R China Hohai Univ Key Lab Coastal Disaster & Def Minist Educ Nanjing 210098 Peoples R China Hohai Univ Coll Oceanog Nanjing 210098 Peoples R China Hohai Univ Coll Harbour Coastal & Offshore Engn Nanjing 210098 Peoples R China Shaanxi Normal Univ Sch Geog & Tourism Xian 710062 Peoples R China

In coastal engineering, predicting seabed erosion and deposition can help understand hydrodynamic changes of the coastal area. The present work aims to address the prevalent challenge that there is often a shortage of measured data in coastal areas. In this paper, a new seabed erosion and deposition formula with four forms is proposed and combined with 2D hydrodynamic harbor engineering simulation of Daishan Island situated in Zhejiang province, China. The simulation shows that (1) in the open channel, the proposed new formula considers the friction coefficient before and after trenching, thus providing a more accurate prediction result;(2) in the sheltered channels, the proposed new formula can roughly estimate the deposition intensity;(3) in the basin entrance, the proposed new formula provides an estimation better aligned with reality than existing formulae. Meanwhile, the recovery saturation coefficient is not a constant;it can be set at 0.31 in the obtained formulas for calculations during the back silting, and at 0.11 during scouring. Therefore, the proposed new formula provides an improved solution to prediction of seabed erosion and deposition and is applicable to Daishan coastal area in different situations.

关键词： Tidal current and sediment Channel deposition Seabed erosion and deposition Erosion and deposition formula

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Leather Defect Detection Algorithm Based on an Improved YOLOv5s 7

Leather Defect Detection Algorithm Based on an Improved YOLO...

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7th International Conference on Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence, PRAI 2024

作者： He, xuwen li, Hao liu, Yifan Song, Rui Zhao, Yuchen Ou, Xiao School of Mathematics and Computer Science Wuhan Polytechnic University Wuhan China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350350890

In the field of intelligent manufacturing, the realization of efficient and accurate automated surface defect detection is particularly critical for enhancing product quality, especially in the leather industry, which holds a significant position in global trade. Traditional defect detection methods encounter challenges in handling complex scenes and identifying minute defects. However, the advent of deep learning technologies has provided a new pathway to address these issues. This paper is dedicated to innovative research on the precise localization and detailed classification of leather surface defects through the enhancement of deep learning models, aiming to overcome the limitations of existing technologies and improve the accuracy and efficiency of detection. By extending the YOLOv5s model, this study has developed the CMR-YOLO algorithm. This algorithm integrates the Channel Attention mechanism (CA), an improved Multi-Dimensional Precision Intersection over Union (MPDIoU), and the Cross Stage Partial Residual feature enhancement module (C3R). These enhancements not only improve the classification accuracy but also bolster the model's stability and robustness in complex scenes. Through the comprehensive application of these techniques, the CMR-YOLO algorithm demonstrates improved performance in categorizing different types of leather defects, particularly effective in handling diverse defect characteristics and accurately classifying various defects. Compared to the traditional YOLOv5s, the CMR-YOLO algorithm also exhibits improved accuracy in defect classification, with the mAP50 increasing from 62.5% to 79.5%, effectively enhancing the overall performance of leather defect detection. These research outcomes not only achieve technological breakthroughs but also provide significant technical support for quality control and intelligent manufacturing in the leather goods industry. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Leather

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Comma: A Collaborative Medical Text Annotation Platform 11

Comma: A Collaborative Medical Text Annotation Platform

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11th IEEE International Conference on Healthcare Informatics, ICHI 2023

作者： Ma, Hetong Xu, Xiaowei Wang, xuwen Guo, Zhen li, Jiao Institute of Medical Information/Library Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Peking Union Medical College Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350302639

High-quality annotated data plays an important role in data-driven or machine-learning-based medical studies. Large amounts of valuable data existed in free text records such as Electronic Health Records. Manual annotation is paramount for intelligent algorithm applications where plentiful structured data could be extracted. With the exponential growth of medical data, large-scale collaborative annotation is required where different annotation tools should be used. We investigated the existing annotation platform and discovered partial common problems that need to be solved, e.g., lack of integrated annotation workflow, absence of reasonable review and review-assisting process, frequent lexicon upload failure, prolonged auto annotation, unified export standards, etc. In response to the above requirements, we developed Comma, a collaborative medical annotation platform that allows English and Chinese annotation. Comma supports functions involving multiple ways with high success rates to upload documents, self-defined structured entity types, customized auto annotation, annotators capability assessment, various collaborative modes, statistics display, self-determined exportation, etc. It could provide a user-friendly interface, diverse functionalities, and fluent interactions for people demanding annotations. Comma is available online at http://***. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Medical problems

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Path Sensitive Fuzzing for Native Applications

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON DEPENDABLE AND SECURE COMPUTING 2022年第3期19卷 1544-1561页

作者： Gan, Shuitao Zhang, Chao Qin, Xiaojun Tu, xuwen li, Kang Pei, Zhongyu Chen, Zuoning State Key Lab Math Engn & Adv Comp Wuxi Jiangsu Peoples R China Tsinghua Univ Inst Network Sci & Cyberspace Beijing 100084 Peoples R China Beijing Natl Res Ctr Informat Sci & Technol Beijing 100084 Peoples R China Anonymous Univ Beijing Peoples R China

Coverage-guided fuzzing is a widely used and effective solution to find software vulnerabilities. Tracking code coverage and utilizing it to guide fuzzing are crucial to coverage-guided fuzzers. However, tracking full and accurate path coverage is infeasible in practice due to the high instrumentation overhead. Popular fuzzers (e.g., AFL) often use coarse coverage information, e.g., edge hit counts stored in a compact bitmap, to achieve highly efficient greybox testing. Such inaccuracy and incompleteness in coverage introduce serious limitations to fuzzers. First, it causes path collisions, which prevent fuzzers from discovering potential paths that lead to new crashes. More importantly, it prevents fuzzers from making wise decisions on fuzzing strategies. In this article, we propose a coverage sensitive fuzzing solution CollAFL. It mitigates path collisions by providing more accurate coverage information, while still preserving low instrumentation overhead. It also utilizes the coverage information to apply three new fuzzing strategies, promoting the speed of discovering new paths and vulnerabilities. We implemented two variants of this solution, namely CollAFL (based on AFL) and CollAFL-bin (based on AFL-dyninst), to test applications with and without source code respectively, and evaluated them on 24 popular applications. The results showed that path collisions are common, i.e., up to 75 percent of edges could collide with others in some applications. But our solutions CollAFL and CollAFL-bin could reduce the edge collision ratio to nearly zero. Moreover, armed with the three fuzzing strategies, they outperform their counterparts (i.e., AFL and AFL-dyninst) in terms of both code coverage and vulnerability discovery. On average, CollAFL covered 20 percent more program paths, and found 320 percent more unique crashes and 260 percent more bugs than AFL in 200 hours. Moreover, CollAFL-bin covered 15 percent more paths, and found 200 percent more unique crashes and 15

关键词： Fuzzing Computer bugs Instruments Security Grammar Cyberspace Coverage-guided fuzzing path collision bitmap seed selection policy source code binary code

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Optimising maize threshing process with temporal proximity soft actor-critic deep reinforcement learning algorithm

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BIOSYSTEMS ENGINEERING 2024年 248卷 229-239页

作者： Zhang, Qiang Fang, xuwen Gao, Xiaodi Zhang, Jinsong Zhao, Xuelin Yu, Lulu Yu, Chunsheng Zhou, Deyi Zhou, Haigen Zhang, li Wu, Xinling Jilin Univ Coll Biol & Agr Engn Changchun 130022 Peoples R China Jilin Jianzhu Univ Sch Emergency Sci & Engn Changchun 130118 Peoples R China

Maize threshing is a crucial process in grain production, and optimising it is essential for reducing post-harvest losses. This study proposes a model-based temporal proximity soft actor-critic (TP-SAC) algorithm to optimise the maize threshing process in the threshing drum. The proposed approach employs an LSTM model as a real-time predictor of threshing quality, achieving an R2 of 97.17% and 98.43% for damage and unthreshed rates on the validation set. In actual threshing experiments, the LSTM model demonstrates an average error of 5.45% and 3.83% for damage and unthreshed rates. The LSTM model is integrated with the TP-SAC algorithm, acting as the environment with which the TP-SAC interacts, enabling efficient training with limited real-world data. The TPSAC algorithm addresses the temporal correlation in the threshing process by incorporating temporal proximity sampling into the SAC algorithm's experience replay mechanism. TP-SAC outperforms the standard SAC algorithm in the simulated environment, demonstrating better sample efficiency and faster convergence. When deployed in actual threshing operations, the TP-SAC algorithm reduces the damage rate by an average of 0.91% across different feed rates compared to constant control. The proposed TP-SAC algorithm offers a novel and practical approach to optimising the maize threshing process, enhancing threshing quality.

关键词： Threshing quality optimisation Agricultural machinery Machine learning Agricultural automation Sensitivity analysis

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"Twisted" small molecule donors with enhanced intermolecular interactions in the condensed phase towards efficient and thick-film all-small-molecule organic solar cells

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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A 2023年第26期11卷 13984-13993页

作者： Cheng, Xiafei liang, Ziqi liang, Shifeng Zhang, xuwen Xu, Jie Xu, Yan Ni, Wang li, Miaomiao Geng, Yanhou Tianjin Univ Sch Mat Sci & Engn Tianjin Key Lab Mol Optoelect Sci Tianjin 300072 Peoples R China Tianjin Inst Power Sources Sci & Technol Power Sources Lab Tianjin 300384 Peoples R China Sinopec Beijing Res Inst Chem Ind Co Ltd Beijing 100013 Peoples R China Joint Sch Natl Univ Singapore & Tianjin Univ Int Campus Tianjin Univ Fuzhou 350207 Peoples R China

How to achieve high crystallinity and suitable phase scale simultaneously from the perspective of molecular engineering remains a long-standing challenge for all-small-molecule organic solar cells (ASM-OSCs). Herein, two small molecule donors, named DRTT-2Se (with two alkylselenophenyl chains) and DRTT-6Se (with six alkylselenophenyl chains), were designed and synthesized by introducing "twisted" backbones and building units with strong intermolecular interactions. The "twisted" skeletons of the molecules can suppress the molecular crystallization and avoid excessive aggregation during the film forming process, while the strong intermolecular interactions of the building units can encourage the formation of ordered molecular packing and nanoscale phase separation via post-treatments. Owing to the enhanced intermolecular interactions induced by alkylselenophenyl side chains, DRTT-2Se and DRTT-6Se with a "twisted" structure displayed more ordered pi-pi packing, and retained the similar nanoscale microstructures in the blend films in comparison to the "twisted" molecule with alkylthiophenyl side chains (DRTT-T), yielding improved hole transport and reduced charge recombination in OSCs. In addition, the alkylselenophenyl substituted molecules showed higher HOMO energy levels, which caused the larger HOMO offset to drive exciton dissociation, but did not increase the energy loss. As a result, the ASM-OSCs based on the selenophene-containing donors exhibited higher FF and J(sc), and similar V-oc, yielding superior PCEs (14.79% and 15.03%) compared to the DRTT-T based device (13.37%). More importantly, the appropriate film morphology made the device efficiency of DRTT-2Se and DRTT-6Se less sensitive to the thickness of active layers. This study provides some implications in designing small molecule donors with suitable crystallization behavior towards high-performance ASM-OSCs.

关键词： Molecules

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Research on sound source localization based on sound sensor 4

Research on sound source localization based on sound sensor

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4rth International Conference on Applied Mathematics, Modelling, and Intelligent Computing, CAMMIC 2024

作者： Jin, Hailei Wang, xuwen Huang, Kun Xiong, Xiaomin Zhang, Minshu li, Jiang Xinyu Power Supply Branch of State Grid jiangxi Power Co. Ltd. Xinyu338000 China Shanghai University of Electric Power Shanghai200090 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781510681637

Nowadays, most of the 10 kV distribution network cable lines are laid underground in the form of direct burial or casing, and the cable is cut off by the construction machinery, resulting in the accident of line tripping. In the construction of urban construction, third-party external forces such as manual excavation, mechanical excavation and illegal invasion will cause serious damage to underground cables. Therefore, it is of great engineering application value to develop cable marking piles with sound source localization function and find the location of damage points in time. In order to improve the accuracy and effectiveness of positioning, but also to achieve rapid positioning of the source of damage, this paper is based on the sound sensor, using its flexibility, efficiency and timeliness, by controlling the number and location of the sound sensor, combined with the sound intensity to locate the sound source. At the same time, the sound sensor is connected with the number and position of the marking pile, and the traditional cable marking pile is improved to accurately locate the damage source in time. © 2024 SPIE.

关键词： Excavation

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2D-Material-Based Volatile and Nonvolatile Memristive Devices for Neuromorphic Computing

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ACS MATERIALS LETTERS 2023年第4期5卷 1109-1135页

作者： Xia, xuwen Huang, Wen Hang, Pengjie Guo, Tao Yan, Yong Yang, Jianping Yang, Deren Yu, Xuegong li, Xing'ao Nanjing Univ Posts & Telecommun NJUPT New Energy Technol Engn Lab Jiangsu Prov Nanjing 210023 Peoples R China Nanjing Univ Posts & Telecommun NJUPT Sch Sci Nanjing 210023 Peoples R China Zhejiang Univ State Key Lab Silicon Mat Hangzhou 310027 Zhejiang Peoples R China Zhejiang Univ Sch Mat Sci & Engn Hangzhou 310027 Zhejiang Peoples R China Univ Waterloo Waterloo Inst Nanotechnol Ctr Adv Mat Joining Dept Mech & Mechatron Engn Waterloo ON N2L 3G1 Canada Henan Normal Univ Sch Phys Henan Key Lab Photovolta Mat Xinxiang 453007 Peoples R China Zhejiang Univ Sci & Technol Sch Sci Hangzhou 310027 Peoples R China

Neuromorphic computing can process large amounts of information in parallel and provides a powerful tool to solve the von Neumann bottleneck. Constructing an artificial neural network (ANN) is a common means to realize neuromorphic computing, which has exhibited potential applications in pattern recognition, complex sensing, and other areas. Reservoir computing (RC), which is another approach to realize neuromorphic computing, has shown some progress and attracted researchers' attention. Neuromorphic computing can be generally implemented by fabricating memristive array systems. 2D-material-based memristive systems and their applications in ANN and RC have been investigated substantially in recent years due to the unique properties of these systems, such as atomic-level thickness and high carrier mobility. In this Review, we first discuss the volatility and nonvolatility properties of memristive devices and their applications in ANN and RC. Second, 2D materials that can be used to fabricate these devices are introduced, and their classification, physical properties, and preparation methods are presented. Third, we discuss the working mechanisms of 2D-material-based synaptic devices, the mimicked synaptic functions, and the applications of these devices in neuromorphic computing through ANN and RC. Lastly, the performance, progress, and future development directions of 2D-material-based synaptic devices are analyzed. This work systematically investigates the status of 2D-material-based synaptic devices and promotes their utilization in neuromorphic computing.

关键词： Electrical conductivity Layers Memristors Polarization Two dimensional materials

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结核性“树芽征”CT表现与病理结果对照分析

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实用医学影像杂志 2019年第3期20卷 278-280页

作者：李旭文李颖上海市松江区泗泾医院放射科 201600 内蒙古民族大学第二临床医学院(内蒙古林业总医院)医学影像科

目的提高对结核性“树芽征”CT影像特征的认识水平,明确CT所见的结核性“树芽征”相对应的病理意义。方法对照分析7例经手术治疗的继发性肺结核患者的CT影像表现及相对应的病理结果,复习文献。结果结核性“树芽征”的“树状”部分对应... 详细信息

目的提高对结核性“树芽征”CT影像特征的认识水平,明确CT所见的结核性“树芽征”相对应的病理意义。方法对照分析7例经手术治疗的继发性肺结核患者的CT影像表现及相对应的病理结果,复习文献。结果结核性“树芽征”的“树状”部分对应于小叶内炎性细支气管,而“芽状”部分对应充满了炎性物质的比相应的细支气管粗大的肺泡管,“树芽状”病变包括腔内干酪或支气管内、支气管周围干酪样病变、炎性细胞和碎屑、纤维化和肉芽肿形成的混合物。结论结核性“树芽征”代表肺结核支气管腔内播散过程中的特殊病理过程,在临床工作中可以为肺结核诊治提供证据。

关键词：结核,肺树芽征病理

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