In Ref.[1],Eq.(8)has a typo,the following replacement should be done.γ_(bb)/2rδ/δr(rδ(r,t)/δr=2γ_(bb)/R_(bb)-Þ(t,t)-Ⅱ[h[r,t)](bubble=drop-bubble=drop)The publisher regrets an error in the original–article...
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In Ref.[1],Eq.(8)has a typo,the following replacement should be done.γ_(bb)/2rδ/δr(rδ(r,t)/δr=2γ_(bb)/R_(bb)-Þ(t,t)-Ⅱ[h[r,t)](bubble=drop-bubble=drop)The publisher regrets an error in the original–article,and the sentence that explained the equation“Eqs.(8)–(10)show the augmented Young–Laplace equation for the interactions of gas bubbles or liquid droplets in different configurations,where Rb is the bubble/drop radius,Rp is the particle radius,Rbp=(1/Rb+1/Rp)1.
The emergence of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has heralded a transformative era in the therapeutic landscape of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). While ICIs have demonstrated clinical efficacy in a portion of...
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The emergence of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has heralded a transformative era in the therapeutic landscape of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). While ICIs have demonstrated clinical efficacy in a portion of patients with NSCLC, these treatments concurrently precipitate a spectrum of immune-related adverse events (irAEs), encompassing mild to severe manifestations, collectively posing a risk of significant organ damage. Consequently, there exists an imperative to augment our comprehension of the pathophysiological underpinnings of irAEs and to formulate more efficacious preventive and ameliorative strategies. In this comprehensive review, we delineate the clinical presentation of organ-specific irAEs in patients with NSCLC and provide an in-depth analysis of recent advancements in understanding the mechanisms driving ICI-induced toxicity. Furthermore, we discuss potential strategies and targets for ameliorating these irAEs. Ultimately, this review aims to furnish valuable insights to guide further research endeavours in the context of irAEs in NSCLC patients. Immunotherapy not only revolutionises lung cancer treatment but also poses serious toxicity risks. Elucidating irAE mechanisms in NSCLC: T/B-cell dysregulation, cytokine imbalances, autoantibody production, genetic predispositions and gut microbiome alterations. Highlighting precise irAE interventions in NSCLC: corticosteroids, targeted immunosuppressants, monoclonal antibodies targeting lymphocytes, cytokine inhibitors and signalling pathway modulators. image
Airborne geophysical exploration is an important and rapid method for mineral prospecting. China’s airborne geophysical exploration technology has made great progress in the 21st century. However, existing technologi...
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Infrared low-index evaporation materials are essential in the broadband antireflection coatings to reduce Fresnel reflections on the surfaces of infrared optical components. Although the layers of praseodymium fluorid...
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Infrared low-index evaporation materials are essential in the broadband antireflection coatings to reduce Fresnel reflections on the surfaces of infrared optical components. Although the layers of praseodymium fluoride (PrF3) show an excellent transparency and the lower refractive index n and extinction coefficient k in the spectral range of thermal infrared, the tensile stress presented in the layers prohibits PrF3 from being used as infrared low-index coating materials. A practical solution to reduce stress is to directly evaporate the admixture of PrF3 with alkaline fluorides, such as barium fluoride (BaF2). However, due to the significant difference of vapor pressures between PrF3 and BaF2, it is commonly difficult to congruently deposit PrF3-BaF2 thin films utilizing evaporating directly from a single source. Moreover, more details are unknown about the phase compositions of PrF3-BaF2 thin films. In our investigation, BaF2-PrF3 thin films were deposited using electron beam evaporation from the sintered ingots of PrF3 admixed with BaF2. The compositions of thin films were characterized using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), the crystallographic structures were explored by X-ray-diffraction (XRD). It was revealed that the concentration of BaF2 in thin films can be correlated to that in the admixtures. Moreover, in addition to PrF3 and BaF2, the phase compositions in thin films include also secondary phases, such as PrOF, PrF4, Pr2F2, BaPrF6, and that of elemental Ba.
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