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Transforming Healthcare: Intelligent Wearable Sensors Empowered by Smart Materials and Artificial Intelligence

ADVANCED MATERIALS 2025年第0期 e2500412页

作者： chen, shuwen Fan, Shicheng Qiao, Zheng Wu, Zixiong Lin, Baobao Li, Zhijie Riegler, Michael A. Wong, Matthew Yu Heng Opheim, Arve Korostynska, Olga Nielsen, Kaare Magne Glott, Thomas Martinsen, Anne Catrine T. Telle-Hansen, Vibeke H. Lim, Chwee Teck Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol Inst Med Equipment Sci & Engn Wuhan 430074 Peoples R China Natl Univ Singapore Dept Biomed Engn Singapore 117583 Singapore Simula Metropolitan Ctr Digital Engn N-0167 Oslo Norway Univ Cambridge Sch Clin Med Cambridge CB2 1TN England Sunnaas Rehabil Hosp N-1453 Bjoernemyr Norway Univ Gothenburg Inst Neurosci & Physiol Unit Rehabil Med S-41345 Gothenburg Sweden Oslo Metropolitan Univ Fac Technol Art & Design TKD Dept Mech Elect & Chem Engn MEK OsloMet N-0166 Oslo Norway Oslo Metropolitan Univ Fac Hlth Sci Dept Life Sci & Hlth OsloMet N-0130 Oslo Norway Oslo Metropolitan Univ Fac Hlth Sci Intelligent Hlth OsloMet N-0130 Oslo Norway Oslo Metropolitan Univ Fac Technol Art & Design OsloMet N-0130 Oslo Norway Oslo Metropolitan Univ Fac Hlth Sci Dept Rehabil Sci & Hlth Technol OsloMet N-0130 Oslo Norway Oslo Metropolitan Univ OsloMet Fac Hlth Sci Dept Nursing & Hlth Promot N-0130 Oslo Norway Natl Univ Singapore Inst Hlth Innovat & Technol iHealthtech Singapore 119276 Singapore Natl Univ Singapore Mechanobiol Inst Singapore 117411 Singapore Natl Univ Singapore Inst Funct Intelligent Mat Singapore 117544 Singapore Natl Univ Singapore SIA NUS Digital Aviat Corp Lab Singapore 117602 Singapore Nanyang Technol Univ Inst Digital Mol Analyt & Sci Singapore 636921 Singapore

Intelligent wearable sensors, empowered by machine learning and innovative smart materials, enable rapid, accurate disease diagnosis, personalized therapy, and continuous health monitoring without disrupting daily life. This integration facilitates a shift from traditional, hospital-centered healthcare to a more decentralized, patient-centric model, where wearable sensors can collect real-time physiological data, provide deep analysis of these data streams, and generate actionable insights for point-of-care precise diagnostics and personalized therapy. Despite rapid advancements in smart materials, machine learning, and wearable sensing technologies, there is a lack of comprehensive reviews that systematically examine the intersection of these fields. This review addresses this gap, providing a critical analysis of wearable sensing technologies empowered by smart advanced materials and artificial Intelligence. The state-of-the-art smart materials-including self-healing, metamaterials, and responsive materials-that enhance sensor functionality are first examined. Advanced machine learning methodologies integrated into wearable devices are discussed, and their role in biomedical applications is highlighted. The combined impact of wearable sensors, empowered by smart materials and machine learning, and their applications in intelligent diagnostics and therapeutics are also examined. Finally, existing challenges, including technical and compliance issues, information security concerns, and regulatory considerations are addressed, and future directions for advancing intelligent healthcare are proposed.

关键词： health monitoring intelligent healthcare machine learning metamaterials wearable sensors

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High Extracellular K⁺ Skews T-Cell Differentiation Towards Tumour Promoting Th2 and Treg Subsets

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EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2025年第2期55卷 e202451440页

作者： Wong, Brandon Han Siang Poh, Zhi Sheng Wei, James Tan Chia Amuthavalli, Kottaiswamy Ho, Ying Swan chen, shuwen Mak, Shi Ya Bi, Xuezhi Webster, Richard D. Shelat, Vishalkumar G. Chandy, K. George Verma, Navin Kumar Nanyang Technol Univ Lee Kong Chian Sch Med Singapore Singapore Nanyang Technol Univ NTU Inst Hlth Technol HealthTech NTU Interdisciplinary Grad Programme Singapore Singapore ASTAR Bioproc Technol Inst Singapore Singapore Nanyang Technol Univ Sch Chem Chem Engn & Biotechnol Singapore Singapore Tan Tock Seng Hosp Dept Gen Surg Singapore Singapore Natl Skin Ctr Singapore Singapore Skin Res Inst Singapore Singapore Singapore

Potassium ions (K+) released from dying necrotic tumour cells accumulate in the tumour microenvironment (TME) and increase the local K+ concentration to 50 mM (high-[K+]e). Here, we demonstrate that high-[K+]e decreases expression of the T-cell receptor subunits CD3 epsilon and CD3 zeta and co-stimulatory receptor CD28 and thereby dysregulates intracellular signal transduction cascades. High-[K+]e also alters the metabolic profiles of T-cells, limiting the metabolism of glucose and glutamine, consistent with functional exhaustion. These changes skew T-cell differentiation, favouring Th2 and iTreg subsets that promote tumour growth while restricting antitumour Th1 and Th17 subsets. Similar phenotypes were noted in T-cells present within the necrosis-prone core versus the outer zones of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)/colorectal carcinoma (CRC) tumours as analysed by GeoMx digital spatial profiling and flow-cytometry. Our results thus expand the understanding of the contribution of high-[K+]e to the immunosuppressive milieu in the TME.

关键词： immune suppression metabolomics T-cell exhaustion T-lymphocytes

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Identification of the "Collagen-Macrophage" sub-category of patients with colorectal cancer as an extension of the CMS4 subtype with THBS2 as a therapeutic target

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BMC Gastroenterology 2025年第1期25卷 1-18页

作者： chen, shuwen Jiang, Zhaoyan Song, Wanxuan Lu, Chuqiao Lin, Yanbing Xu, Shiyao Xie, Kunxin Wan, Li Yuan, Xiaoqin Department of Anatomy Histology and Embryology Nanjing Medical University Nanjing 211166 China Department of Clinical Medicine First Clinical Medicine College Nanjing Medical University Nanjing 211166 China Research Center for Environment and Female Reproductive Health the Eighth Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-Sen University Shenzhen 518033 China Department of Oncology The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Huai’an 223302 China Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province Nanjing Medical University Nanjing 211166 China

We identified a subset of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) enriched with “collagen-TAMs,” designated the CM class, using large integrated colon cancer transcriptome and single-cell transcriptome datasets. This classification system could be used as an extension of the traditional CMS classification system for CRC to guide more accurate classification and treatment. We also screened CAF-derived THBS2 as a potential biomarker for CM and found that it plays an important role in CRC disease models in vitro and in vivo, promoting tumor development and metastasis as well as TAM recruitment. Targeting THBS2 combined with PD-1 therapy effectively improved the therapeutic effect of immunotherapy in vivo. The CM classification provides a new perspective for CRC treatment, and THBS2, which is highly expressed in CM cases, can be used as a new potential combined target for immunotherapy. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Classification system Colorectal cancer Immunotherapy THBS2

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坝基全风化花岗岩工程地质特性试验研究

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水利建设与管理 2025年第2期45卷 26-31页

作者：张新佳王国岗陈书文中水北方勘测设计研究有限责任公司天津300222

本文研究了甘肃全风化花岗岩物质组成、矿物成分,以及原岩、重塑样和击实样的压缩性、抗剪强度、渗透稳定性等特性。指出全风化花岗岩呈中等压缩性,击实后呈低压缩性;不同状态下φ值较稳定,c值变化较大,结构面强度低于颗粒咬合力,起到... 详细信息

本文研究了甘肃全风化花岗岩物质组成、矿物成分,以及原岩、重塑样和击实样的压缩性、抗剪强度、渗透稳定性等特性。指出全风化花岗岩呈中等压缩性,击实后呈低压缩性;不同状态下φ值较稳定,c值变化较大,结构面强度低于颗粒咬合力,起到控制抗剪强度的作用;全风化花岗岩击实样应力-应变关系呈应变硬化特征;三轴试验表明峰值偏应力随围压增大呈非线性增大趋势,φ值随围压增大呈线性减小趋势;全风化花岗岩为弱—中等透水性,渗透破坏类型主要为管涌。

关键词：全风化花岗岩抗剪强度三轴压缩试验

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Probing the Hyperconjugative Aromaticity of Cyclopentadiene and Pyrroliums Containing Group 7 Transition Metal Substituents

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ORGANOMETALLICS 2022年第19期41卷 2742-2752页

作者： chen, shuwen Zhu, Jun Xiamen Univ Coll Chem & Chem Engn State Key Lab Phys Chem Solid Surfaces Xiamen 361005 Peoples R China Xiamen Univ Coll Chem & Chem Engn Collaborat Innovat Ctr Chem Energy Mat iChEM Fujian Prov Key Lab Theoret & Computat Chem Xiamen 361005 Peoples R China Xiamen Univ Coll Chem & Chem Engn Dept Chem Xiamen 361005 Peoples R China

Aromaticity and hyperconjugation are two fundamental concepts in chemistry. Combining them together led to the proposal of the concept of hyperconjugative aromaticity by Mulliken in 1939. Now, it has been attracting considerable attention from both theoretical and experimental chemists. Recently, the concept of hyperconjugative aromaticity has been extended from main-group substituents to transition metal systems including groups 9, 10, and 11 transition metal substituents. Here, we report the hyperconjugative aromaticity in cyclopentadienes and pyrroliums containing group 7 transition metal substituents through density functional theory (DFT) calculations. It is found that the metal-metal bonding interaction can significantly reduce the aromaticity in cyclopentadienes, whereas the stronger sigma-donor ligand, bridged hydride, and carbonyls can enhance aromaticity. All these findings expand the scope of the concept of hyperconjugative aromaticity, enriching aromatic organometallic chemistry.

关键词： Aromaticity Chemical structure Ligands Substituents Transition metals

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Probing Near-infrared Absorbance of E and Z Diazene Isomers via Antiaromaticity

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JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2023年第17期88卷 12183-12193页

The photoswitching behaviors of heteroarylazos and azobenzeneshave attracted considerable interest due to their applications frommaterial science to pharmacology. However, the use of UV light limitstheir application, especially in biomedicine and *** this work, using several aromaticity descriptors, including anisotropyof the induced current density analysis and nucleus-independent chemicalshifts, we systematically investigate the relationship between anti-aromaticityand the absorption of a series of heterocyclic azos. We have demonstratedthat the antiaromatic heterocycles substituted with diazenes enablethe significant red shifts of the n & RARR;& pi;* and & pi;& RARR;& pi;* transition bands of E and Z isomers via density functional theory calculations. Moreover,introducing substituents into heterocycles could further tune theabsorption. Finally, the & lambda;(max) of the first transitionbands of the E (ca. 1026 nm) and Z isomers (ca. 1167 nm) of azos is achieved in the near-infrared region.

关键词： Absorption Azobenzene Chemical structure Energy Molecular structure

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A preliminary ultrasonic investigation of tenseness in Northern Yi 13

A preliminary ultrasonic investigation of tenseness in North...

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13th International Symposium on Chinese Spoken Language Processing (ISCSLP)

作者： chen, shuwen Chinese Acad Social Sci Inst Linguist Beijing Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350397963

This study investigates the articulatory and acoustic features of tense-lax vowel contrast in Northern Yi. Northern Yi has five pairs of phonologically-defined tense and lax vowels. Previous studies have shown that the difference between tense and lax vowels lies mainly in phonation type, while the vowel quality difference between the two types of vowels remains controversial. The current study provided tongue shape data and acoustic data of all tense and lax vowels in a Northern Yi dialect, Suondi Yi, using ultrasound imaging and acoustic analysis. The ultrasound data showed that tense vowels were consistently articulated with a more retracted tongue root and a lower tongue front compared to lax vowels. Acoustically, tense vowels have a higher F1 and a lower F2 compared to lax vowels. The data suggests that there are consistent vowel quality differences between all tense-lax vowel pairs in Northern Yi, and the vowel quality difference involves advanced tongue root/retracted tongue root ([ATR]/[RTR]) contrast.

关键词： Northern Yi tenseness ultrasound imaging

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An Analytic Approach to Nanofocusing with Pyramidal Horn Antennas

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PLASMONICS 2018年第4期13卷 1417-1423页

作者： chen, shuwen Gordon, Reuven Natl Univ Def Technol Coll Informat & Commun Xian Shaanxi Peoples R China Univ Victoria Dept Elect & Comp Engn Victoria BC V8W 3V6 Canada

Horn antenna is one of the simplest even widely used antennas in the RF and microwave regimes. However, few systematic investigations on pyramidal horn antennas are found at optical frequency while optical antennas are extensively studied in various applications. Here, we investigate the feature of pyramidal horn nanoantennas and explore the mechanism of nanofocusing. Although the dimensions of antenna can be optimized through numerical simulations for the applications, it is inefficient due to the large degree of freedom of a horn antenna. Firstly, we analyze both the scattering loss and the dissipative loss during compressing electromagnetic waves in the horn antennas while the dimensions gradually decrease. Then, we establish an analytic and simple approach of mode matching, which is based on the effective index method, to efficiently squeeze light into arbitrarily small 3D nanospots. We numerically demonstrate that a nanofocusing spot of pi lambda (2)/1200 at the wavelength of 785 nm with 1.2 dB losses is achieved by a pyramidal horn nanoantenna with the analytically determined dimensions. The intensity enhancement is further increased to more than 6000 times by introducing surface plasmon coupling at the input interface.

关键词： Surface plasmons Subwavelength structures Nanofocusing Nanoantennas Pyramidal horn antennas

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Effect of thienyl group on absorption spectra and excitation energy transfer of eco-friendly organic heterojunction from theoretical methods

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MOLECULAR PHYSICS 2024年第12期122卷

作者： Wang, Yonghan chen, shuwen Leng, Xia Linyi Univ Sch Chem & Chem Engn Linyi Peoples R China

Recently, more and more researchers have committed to designing higher-performance materials to improve the power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of OSCs. However, the inherent laws of synthesising high-quality organic materials are still ambiguous. It is important to explore the structural effect on the photoelectric properties of the synthesised organic. In 2023, the Zou group designed two electron donors, 2DTBDT and 2DTBDT-2T, which are respectively without and with bithiophene in the molecular skeleton. The introduction of bithiophene into 2DTBDT-2T made the PCE of 2DTBDT-2T:Y6 heterojunction triple the 2DTBDT counterpart. Based on this, we selected eco-friendly electron acceptors, CBM, FBR, O-IDFBR and O-IDTBR, to compose the heterojunction with 2DTBDT and 2DTBDT-2T. The ionisation energies (IEs) and absorption spectra of all independent molecules and the excitation energy transfer (EET) couplings of heterojunction are accurately investigated from many-body Green's function theory (MBGFT). We found that the electronic structure and excitation are sensitive to the resonance-antiresonance transitions and the electron-hole interactions. The thienyl group makes the molecule lower CT energy and the stronger EET coupling of heterojunctions, to promote the efficiency of relevant OSCs. The Dexter and overlap types couplings are very important to the study on the EET of organic heterojunctions. [GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT]

关键词： Organic solar cell many-body-Green's function excitation energy transfer

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Super-transmission from a finite subwavelength arrangement of slits in a metal film

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OPTICS EXPRESS 2014年第11期22卷 13418-13426页

作者： chen, shuwen Jin, Shilong Gordon, Reuven Natl Univ Def Technol Coll Optoelect Sci & Engn Dept Optoelect Engn Changsha 410073 Hunan Peoples R China Univ Victoria Dept Elect & Comp Engn Victoria BC V8W 3V6 Canada

A theory is presented for the transmission of transverse magnetic waves through a finite number of subwavelength slits in metal film. While a single slit achieves the single channel limit on resonance, multiple slits show super-transmission exceeding the single channel limit. The phenomenon of super-transmission is revealed as a result of cross-coupling of modes and confirmed by simulations. The influence of finite permittivity in the IR and microwave regime is included by perturbative corrections to the theory. The theory agrees quantitatively with past experiments and finite-difference time-domain simulations. By considering two or more modes in the slit region, our theory provides an approach to the analysis of cross-coupling among slits, which allows for super-transmission and features of a Fano resonance. (C) 2014 Optical Society of America

关键词： Diffraction limit Extraordinary optical transmission Fano resonance Field enhancement Resonance Surface enhanced Raman scattering

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