The emergence of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has heralded a transformative era in the therapeutic landscape of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). While ICIs have demonstrated clinical efficacy in a portion of...
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The emergence of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has heralded a transformative era in the therapeutic landscape of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). While ICIs have demonstrated clinical efficacy in a portion of patients with NSCLC, these treatments concurrently precipitate a spectrum of immune-related adverse events (irAEs), encompassing mild to severe manifestations, collectively posing a risk of significant organ damage. Consequently, there exists an imperative to augment our comprehension of the pathophysiological underpinnings of irAEs and to formulate more efficacious preventive and ameliorative strategies. In this comprehensive review, we delineate the clinical presentation of organ-specific irAEs in patients with NSCLC and provide an in-depth analysis of recent advancements in understanding the mechanisms driving ICI-induced toxicity. Furthermore, we discuss potential strategies and targets for ameliorating these irAEs. Ultimately, this review aims to furnish valuable insights to guide further research endeavours in the context of irAEs in NSCLC patients. Immunotherapy not only revolutionises lung cancer treatment but also poses serious toxicity risks. Elucidating irAE mechanisms in NSCLC: T/B-cell dysregulation, cytokine imbalances, autoantibody production, genetic predispositions and gut microbiome alterations. Highlighting precise irAE interventions in NSCLC: corticosteroids, targeted immunosuppressants, monoclonal antibodies targeting lymphocytes, cytokine inhibitors and signalling pathway modulators. image
Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) are ectopic lymphocyte aggregates formed in non-lymphoid tissues, including cancers, and are loci for the generation of in situ anti-tumor immune responses, which play a crucial rol...
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Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) are ectopic lymphocyte aggregates formed in non-lymphoid tissues, including cancers, and are loci for the generation of in situ anti-tumor immune responses, which play a crucial role in cancer control. The state of TLS presence in cancer and its composition can significantly impact the treatment response and prognosis of patients. TLSs have the potential to serve as predictive and prognostic biomarkers for cancer. However, the mechanisms underlying TLS formation in cancer and how the essential components of TLSs affect cancer are not fully understood. In this review, we summarized TLS formation in cancer, the value of the TLS in different states of existence, and its key constituents for cancer prediction and prognosis. Finally, we discussed the impact of cancer treatment on TLSs.
This paper conducts scientific research on the joint scheduling of vehicles and personnel based on the distribution of car-sharing use [1] , so as to propose an optimal control scheduling scheme that improves car util...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781665402682
This paper conducts scientific research on the joint scheduling of vehicles and personnel based on the distribution of car-sharing use [1] , so as to propose an optimal control scheduling scheme that improves car utilization while making customers more satisfied and maximizing corporate profits. To begin with, we used the partitioning method to pre-processing the shared vehicle location data set, and use Excel software to disassemble the coordinate information. We need to divide the data according to the parking points, count the data according to different parking points, make descriptive statistics on the total number of parked vehicles at the parking points, and then analyze the use distribution of car-sharing [2] . Additionally, a joint car-sharing scheduling optimization model is built and the model is improved, which is then transformed into a two-layer mTSP model [3] . The upper model is an mTSP model with uncertain number of vehicles with time windows, while the lower model is an mTSP model with uncertain number of persons with time windows. At the same time, the genetic algorithm is used to solve the model, and after the operation of selection, cross over and variation combined with the simulated annealing strategy [4] to achieve better optimization results and construct the most beneficial scheduling solution for the enterprise.
Network covert timing channels in computer networks evade effective detection by traditional security mechanisms such as firewalls, posing a significant threat to network security. However, most existing methods strug...
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In this study, a series of semi-interpenetrating network (semi-IPN) structure proton exchange membranes (PEMs) based on linear polyolefins and cross-linked poly(phenylene oxide) (cPPO) was fabricated for fuel cell app...
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In this study, a series of semi-interpenetrating network (semi-IPN) structure proton exchange membranes (PEMs) based on linear polyolefins and cross-linked poly(phenylene oxide) (cPPO) was fabricated for fuel cell applications. The newly synthesized membranes exhibit better flexibility and higher chemical and thermal stability than cPPO membrane owing to a semi-IPN structure. After treatment with Fenton's reagent at 80 degrees C for 240 h, all the synthesized semi-IPN membranes (cPPO-[AN-VBIm]x) show a remaining mass of >90%, indicating good oxidation stability. The proton conductivity and fuel cell performance of cPPO-[AN-VBIm](50) membranes (91 mS cm(-1) at 160 degrees C and 514 mW cm(-2) at 140 degrees C, respectively) are better than those of cPPO membranes (51 mS cm(-1) and 87 mW cm(-2), respectively under the same conditions). This study contributes significantly toward membrane research, reporting a facile and efficient method for fabricating high-performance phosphoric acid-doped membranes for high-temperature fuel cell applications that could guide future studies on efficient and practicable high-temperature PEMs.
Improving the adsorption efficiency of porous adsorbent materials for organic liquids with high viscosity is crucial for addressing oil spill *** this study,a high-performance aerogel adsorbent composed of polyimide(P...
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Improving the adsorption efficiency of porous adsorbent materials for organic liquids with high viscosity is crucial for addressing oil spill *** this study,a high-performance aerogel adsorbent composed of polyimide(PI),hydroxyapatite nanowires(HAPnws),and reduced graphene oxide(rGO)has been fabricated,which leverages reduced flow tortuosity through anisotropic structures and solar-assisted viscosity reduction via photothermal *** prepared anisotropic PI/HAP/rGO aerogel,with directional channels,shows unique mechanical properties with high stiffness along the axial direction and compressibility along the radial direction.
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