A large amount of wastewater containing various toxic organic contaminants is produced during coal-to-liquids process. In this study, several spectroscopic methods were used to monitor the transformation of organic po...
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A large amount of wastewater containing various toxic organic contaminants is produced during coal-to-liquids process. In this study, several spectroscopic methods were used to monitor the transformation of organic pollutants during an integrated chemical oxidation and biological process. The results showed that the hydrophobic acid fraction increased after Fenton oxidation, which was likely due to the production of small-molecule organic acids. Soluble microbial products were generated during biological treatment processes,which were degraded after ozonation; meanwhile, the hydrophilic base and acid components increased. Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopic analysis indicated that peaks at the absorption wavelengths of 280 and 254 nm, which are associated with aromatic substances, were detected in the raw water. The aromatic substances were gradually removed, becoming undetectable after biological aeration filter(BAF) treatment. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis revealed that the functional groups of phenols;benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene(BTEX); aromatic hydrocarbons; aliphatic acids;aldehydes; and esters were present in raw wastewater. The organic substances were oxidized into small molecules after Fenton treatment. Aromatic hydrocarbons were effectively removed through bioadsorption and biodegradation after BAF *** organic matter was reduced and finally became undetectable after anoxic–oxic treatment in combination with a membrane bioreactor. Four fluorescent components were fractionated and obtained via excitation–emission matrix parallel factor analysis(EEM-PARAFAC). Dissolved organic matter fractionation in conjunction with EEM-PARAFAC was able to monitor more precisely the evolution of characteristic organic contaminants.
Nanoparticles of the semiconductor catalyst CdxZn1-xS were embedded into the metal organic framework MIL-101(Cr) to obtain CdxZn1-xS@MIL-101 (Cr) nanocomposites. These materials not only possess high surface areas and...
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Nanoparticles of the semiconductor catalyst CdxZn1-xS were embedded into the metal organic framework MIL-101(Cr) to obtain CdxZn1-xS@MIL-101 (Cr) nanocomposites. These materials not only possess high surface areas and mesopores but also show good utilization of light energy. The ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance patterns of CdxZn1-xS@MIL-101 (Cr) nanocomposites showed that Cd0.8Zn0.2S@MIL-101(Cr) possessed good visible light response ability among the synthesized nanocomposites. The photocatalytic performance of the CdxZn1-xS@MIL-101 (Cr) nanocomposites were tested via degradation and mineralization of methylene blue in neutral water solution under light irradiation using a 300W xenon lamp. As a result, using Cd0.8Zn0.2S@MIL-101(Cr) as a catalyst, 99.2% of methylene blue was mineralized within 30 min. Due to the synergistic effect of adsorption by the MIL-101(Cr) component and photocatalytic degradation provided by the Cd0.8Zn0.2S component, the Cd0.8Zn0.2S@MIL-101(Cr) catalyst displayed superior photocatalytic performance relative to Cd0.8Zn0.2S@MIL-101(Cr). Furthermore, Cd0.8Zn0.2S@MIL-101(Cr) possessed excellent stability during photodegradation and exhibited good reusability. The remarkable photocatalytic performance of Cd0.8Zn0.2S@MIL-101(Cr) is likely due to the effective transfer of electrons and holes at the heterojunction interfaces.
The concentration of turbidity and fluoride in mine drainage exceeding the discharge standard, which impede coal mine water broader application. In this study, micro-flocculation, which was based on the fluoride remov...
The concentration of turbidity and fluoride in mine drainage exceeding the discharge standard, which impede coal mine water broader application. In this study, micro-flocculation, which was based on the fluoride removal agent (CFYJ-L) developed by our research group, was combined with direct filtration membrane (MFDMF) to remove the high concentrations of turbidity and fluoride. Firstly, we investigated the impacts of factors on fluoride, turbidity removal by the CFYJ-L, explored the mechanisms of fluoride removal and screened cleaning agents for membrane fouling. Findings indicate that the optimal process parameters were a dosage of 1.16 g/L, pH 6.11, stirring time 10.90 min, which would let F − concentration from 20 to 0.453 mg/L. Suspended solids (SS), Cl − , SO 4 2− and CO 3 2- all seems not reduced fluoride removal efficiency. The fluoride removal mechanism is primarily through electrostatic adsorption, ion exchange, complexation and hydrogen bonding, resulting in the formation of precipitates that remove fluoride. Meanwhile, the optimal process parameters for treating simulated fluorinated coal mine water with MFDMF process was an operating pressure of 0.2 MPa. Membrane fouling was mainly characterized by cake filtration, accompanied by pore clogging. The best cleaning agent for membrane fouling was 0.2 % HCl, which can increase the membrane flux recovery rate from 70 % to 91 %. A 90-day pilot site continuous operation demonstrated the stability of the MFDMF process, with a treatment cost was reduced from over 3.36 RMB/m 3 to 2.60 RMB/m 3 and land area reduction exceeding 40 % compared to existing process.
The Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) algorithm is one of the most recent swarm intelligence based algorithms which simulates the foraging behavior of honey bee colonies. In this work, a particle swarm inspired multi-elitis...
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The Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) algorithm is one of the most recent swarm intelligence based algorithms which simulates the foraging behavior of honey bee colonies. In this work, a particle swarm inspired multi-elitist ABC algorithm named PS-MEABC is proposed and applied for real-parameter optimization. In this modified version, the global best solution and an elitist randomly selected from the elitist archive are used to modify parameters of each food source in either onlooker bees or employed bees phases. PS-MEABC is compared with 5 state-of-the-art swarm based algorithms on CEC05 and BBOB12 benchmark functions in terms of four metrics: the mean error, the best error, the success rate (SR) and the expected running time (ERT). Wilcoxon signed ranks test results on the mean and the best error show that the performance of PS-MEABC is significantly better than or at least similar to these algorithms, and PS-MEABC has wider application range in terms of the success rate and faster convergence speed in terms of the expected running time. Our algorithm is comparable to its competitors with a fewer control parameters to be tuned.
Two new baccharane-type glycosides(1 and 2), together with seven known baccharane-type glycosides (3u9) hosenkoside A, hosenkoside B, hosenkoside C, hosenkoside F, hosenkoside M, hosenkoside K and hosenko- side G ...
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Two new baccharane-type glycosides(1 and 2), together with seven known baccharane-type glycosides (3u9) hosenkoside A, hosenkoside B, hosenkoside C, hosenkoside F, hosenkoside M, hosenkoside K and hosenko- side G were isolated from the dried seeds of Impatientis balsamina L. The new baccharane-type glycosides were identified as honsenkol A-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-26-O-p-D-glucopyranosyl-28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-O-β-D- glucopyranosyl(1) and (3S,4R,17R,20S)17-hydrroxy-3-O-β-D-xylopyranose(12)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-26-O-β-D- glucopyranosyl-28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-21,24-epoxybaccharane(2), respectively, by spectroscopic methods, in- cluding NMR(1D and 2D), IR and HR-ESI-MS. Compounds 1 and 2 were evaluated for in vitro inhibitory activity against the cell lines. Compound 2 with a new baccharane skeleton had anti-hepatic fibrosis activity against A375 cells in bioassay results, which means the new compounds have potential value in antitumor applications.
Platelets are critical regulators of liver regeneration, but the mechanisms are still not fully understood. Platelets have been shown to contain a wide variety of microRNAs (miRNAs) and play an important role in many ...
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Platelets are critical regulators of liver regeneration, but the mechanisms are still not fully understood. Platelets have been shown to contain a wide variety of microRNAs (miRNAs) and play an important role in many diseases. However, the mechanism that how the platelet microparticles (PMPs)-derived miRNA regulate the hepatocyte proliferation is not very clear. In this study, we have successfully isolated and identified PMPs. We also found that PMPs, which could be well integrated into the HHL-5 cells, could upregulate the level of miR-25-3p in HHL-5 cells. Meanwhile, we found that PMPs-derived miR-25-3p promoted HHL-5 cells proliferation by accelerating cells into the S phase, and enhanced the autophagy by increasing the LC3II expression and reducing the P62 expression. Then, we proved that the miR-25-3p could target the B-cell translocation gene 2 (BTG2) and downregulate the expression levels of the BTG2 gene in HHL-5 cells. In addition, the overexpression of BTG2 significantly inhibited the proliferation and autophagy abilities of HHL-5 cells, while cotransfected miR-25-3p mimics or PMPs could partially rescue HHL-5 cells proliferation and autophagy. Furthermore, we proved that PMPs accelerated hepatocyte proliferation by regulating autophagy pathways. Therefore, PMPs-derived miR-25-3p promoted HHL-5 cell proliferation and autophagy by targeting BTG2, which may be a new therapeutic method for liver regeneration.
Persistently folded aromatic amide macrocycles comprising four monomeric units (biphenyl-cyclo[4]aramide) were synthesized with high efficiency via a one-step approach along with the larger cyclic oligomer, biphenyl-c...
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Persistently folded aromatic amide macrocycles comprising four monomeric units (biphenyl-cyclo[4]aramide) were synthesized with high efficiency via a one-step approach along with the larger cyclic oligomer, biphenyl-cyclo[8]aramide as a minor product. Such cyclic hydrogen-bonded aromatic tetramers feature four amide oxygens enclosing a cavity with small dimensions, enabling the selective complexation of alkali metal ions, particularly Li+, with high affinity. The cyclization efficiency and selectivity of smaller macrocycles was further improved using fragment coupling and Li+-based template approaches. In addition, the superior binding ability of biphenyl-cyclo[4]aramide towards Li+ over its acyclic analogues was observed, demonstrating a remarkable macrocyclic effect.
Background:Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is one of the most severe forms of tuberculosis. Previous studies reported that hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection could increase the risk of antituberculosis drug-induced liver ...
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Background:Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is one of the most severe forms of tuberculosis. Previous studies reported that hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection could increase the risk of antituberculosis drug-induced liver injury (ATB-DILI) in pulmonary tuberculosis patients. To date, only a few studies exist on the effect of HBV on TBM. Methods:This inpatient study retrospectively analyzed the medical records of patients who were diagnosed with TBM between June 2002 and June 2018. Statistical analysis was used to reveal the difference between the HBV and non-HBV groups. Univariate analysis and multivariate regression analysis were performed on data to determine the prognostic factors of TBM. Results:A total of 386 patients were enrolled in our study, 57 of whom were included in the HBV group and 329 in the non-HBV group. The HBV group showed a higher frequency of ATB-DILI (HBV group: 14.0% versus non-HBV group: 3.3%,p < .001) and a higher risk of poor outcomes (i.e. death during inpatient period or neurological deficit at discharge, HBV group: 31.6% versus non-HBV group: 19.8%,p = .045) than the non-HBV group. The multivariate regression analysis identified ATB-DILI, scores of 3-8 on the Glasgow Coma Scale and hydrocephalus as independent predictors of poor outcomes in TBM patients. Conclusions:Our study demonstrated that HBV co-infection could increase the incidence of ATB-DILI and the risk of poor outcomes as identified by three predictors in TBM patients.
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is promising for cancer treatment but still suffers from some limitations. For instance, PDT based on O-1(2) generation (in a type-II mechanism) is heavily dependent on high oxygen concentra...
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Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is promising for cancer treatment but still suffers from some limitations. For instance, PDT based on O-1(2) generation (in a type-II mechanism) is heavily dependent on high oxygen concentrations and will be significantly depressed in hypoxic tumors. In addition, the residual photosensitizers after PDT treatment may cause severe side-effects under light irradiation. To solve these problems, herein a BODIPY (boron dipyrromethene)-modified Ru(II) complex [Ru(dip)(2)(tpy-BODIPY)](2+) (complex 1, dip = 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline, tpy = 2,2':6',2''-terpyridine) was designed and synthesized. Complex 1 exhibited both high singlet oxygen quantum yield (Phi = 0.7 in CH3CN) and excellent superoxide radical (O-2(center dot)-) generation, and thus demonstrated efficient PDT activity under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions. Moreover, complex 1 is photo-degradable in water, and greatly loses its ROS generation ability after PDT treatment. These novel properties of complex 1 make it promising for efficient PDT under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions with reduced side-effects.
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