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The Derivation of the Compressible Euler Equation from Quantum Many-Body Dynamics

Peking Mathematical Journal 2024年第1期7卷 35-90页

作者： xuwen Chen Shunlin Shen Jiahao wu Zhifei Zhang Department of Mathematics University of RochesterRochesterNY 14627USA School of Mathematical Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

We study the three-dimensional many-particle quantum dynamics in mean-field *** forge together the hierarchy method and the modulated energy *** prove rigorously that the compressible Euler equation is the limit as the particle num-ber tends to infinity and the Planck’s constant tends to *** improve the previous sufficient small time hierarchy argument to any finite time via a new iteration scheme and Strichartz bounds first raised by Klainerman and Machedon in this *** establish strong and quantitative microscopic to macroscopic convergence of mass and momentum densities up to the 1st blow up time of the limiting Euler *** justify that the macroscopic pressure emerges from the space-time averages of micro-scopic interactions via the Strichartz-type *** have hence found a physical meaning for Strichartz-type bounds.

关键词： Compressible Euler equation BBGKY hierarchy Quantum many-body dynamics Klainerman-Machedon bounds Modulated energy

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Taxonomy and phylogeny of mud owls (Annelida: Sternaspidae), including a new synonymy and new records from the Southern Ocean, North East Atlantic Ocean and Pacific Ocean: challenges in morphological delimitation

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MARINE BIODIVERSITY 2019年第6期49卷 2659-2697页

作者： Drennan, Regan Wiklund, Helena Rouse, Greg W. Georgieva, Magdalena N. wu, xuwen Kobayashi, Genki Yoshino, Kenji Glover, Adrian G. Nat Hist Museum Life Sci Dept London SW7 5BD England Univ Calif San Diego Scripps Inst Oceanog 9500 Gilman Dr 0202 La Jolla CA 92093 USA Chinese Acad Sci Inst Oceanol Lab Marine Organism Taxon & Phylogeny Qingdao 266071 Shandong Peoples R China Kyoto Univ Field Sci Educ & Res Ctr Seto Marine Biol Lab 459 Shirahama Nishimura Wakayama 6492211 Japan Natl Inst Minamata Dis 4058-18 Hama Minamata Kumamoto 8760008 Japan

Species delimitation in sternaspid polychaetes is currently based on the morphology of a limited suite of characters, namely characters of the ventro-caudal shield-a unique feature of the family. Sternaspid species description has increased rapidly in recent years;however, the validity of the shield as a diagnostic character has not been assessed through molecular means. This study performs the largest molecular taxonomy of Sternaspidae to date, using the nuclear gene 18S, and the mitochondrial genes 16S and cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) to assess phylogenetic relationships within the family, to reassess the placement of Sternaspidae within the wider polychaete tree and to investigate the effectiveness of the shield as a diagnostic morphological character. This study includes many new records and reports Sternaspis affinis Stimpson, 1864 from USA Pacific coastline and genetic connectivity between specimens identified as Sternaspis cf. annenkovae Salazar-Vallejo & Buzhinskaja, 2013 from off southeastern Australia and specimens identified as Sternaspis cf. williamsae Salazar-Vallejo & Buzhinskaja, 2013 from the northwestern Pacific. In addition, we investigate material identified as Sternaspis cf. scutata (Ranzani, 1817) in the English Channel and compare with S. scutata through both molecular and morphological means. We further perform a detailed morphological and molecular investigation of new sternaspid material collected from the Southern Ocean and Antarctic Peninsula and regard Sternaspis monroi Salazar-Vallejo, 2014 syn. n. as a junior synonym of Sternaspis sendalli Salazar-Vallejo, 2014, two species recently described from the region, raising questions concerning the validity of current morphological delimitation.

关键词： Polychaeta Sternaspis Morphological characters 18S 16S COI

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Energetic metal salts based on 3-cyano-1,5-(5-nitro-1,2,4-triazolyl) formazan: Synthesis, crystal structure, thermal stability, and catalysis on the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate

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STRUCTURAL CHEMISTRY 2025年 1-11页

作者： Xia, Jianglu Zhang, Guojie Li, Bin Duan, xuwen Yan, Biao Sha, Kailei Pei, Chonghua wu, Bo Southwest Univ Sci & Technol State Key Lab Environm Friendly Energy Mat Mianyang 621000 Peoples R China Luzhou North Chem Ind Co Ltd Luzhou Peoples R China

Ammonium perchlorate (AP) serves as an important component in solid propellants. Adding catalysts to facilitate its thermal decomposition can enhance the combustion performance of solid propellants. Inspiring by the remarkable thermal stability and resistance to mechanical stimuli of the 3-cyano-1,5-(5-nitro-1,2,4-triazolyl) formazan, four energetic metal salts with 3-cyano-1,5-(5-nitro-1,2,4-triazolyl) formazan as energy storage units were synthesized and well characterized. The molecular structures of the compounds 1-2 were confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The thermal behaviors and sensitivities of these new four energetic metal salts were determined by the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and BAM methods. These new four energetic metal salts possess excellent thermal stability with decomposition peak temperatures over 259 degrees C and low impact and friction sensitivity (IS > 40 J, FS > 360 N). Additionally, the four energetic metal salts exhibited outstanding performance in accelerating the thermal decomposition of AP, the high-temperature peak decreased by 30 to 120 degrees C, and the heat release increased significantly, which was 1.1 to 2.8 times of pure AP. The decomposition activation energy (E-a) of pure AP and AP with 10 wt% compounds 1-4 were calculated using the Kissinger equations, respectively. The AP decomposition activation energy decreased by 9.41 to 18.45 kJmol(-1). These experimental results indicate that the four energetic metal salts are expected to be the alternative additives to accelerate the catalytic decomposition of AP in composite solid propellants.

关键词： Energetic metal salts 3-Cyano-1,5-(5-nitro-1,2,4-triazolyl) formazan Thermal properties Low sensitivity Ammonium perchlorate

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Energy Driving-Damage Degradation-Structural Failure Mechanism of Layered Sandstones Under Uniaxial Conditions

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ROCK MECHANICS AND ROCK ENGINEERING 2025年第3期58卷 3815-3853页

作者： Song, Zhixiang Zhang, Junwen wu, Shaokang Zhao, Shankun Zhang, Yang Dong, Xukai Zhang, xuwen Wang, Sihe China Univ Min & Technol Beijing Sch Energy & Min Engn Beijing 100083 Peoples R China China Coal Res Inst Mine Safety Technol Branch Beijing 100013 Peoples R China

It is of great theoretical significance to effectively reveal the energy driving-damage degradation-structural failure mechanism of rocks for the probability evaluation and prevention of rock burst in deep coal mines. Therefore, uniaxial loading and unloading tests of layered sandstones were conducted. Subsequently, the progressive failure process and stress-strain curves were obtained. Then, the evolution characteristics of strength, strain, energy, damage and macroscopic failure was characterized. Meanwhile, the damage proportion at each stage was quantified, and the linear damage deterioration law was obtained. Finally, the energy driving-damage degradation-structural failure mechanism was revealed. The results showed that: (1) increasing the unloading stress level did not necessarily reduce the bearing capacity, but the unloading effect could significantly affect the energy storage capacity;(2) there was the significant linear evolution relationship between the damage proportion and the unloading stress level under identical inclination angle in stages II and IV;(3) When the unloading stress level was over 0.7, the pre-peak structural adjustment behavior could strengthen the stability of post-peak structures and reduce the impact degree of rock burst. The conclusions could provide certain of theoretical basis for the prevention of rock burst in deep coal mines.

关键词： Structural evolution Unloading stress level Linear damage deterioration law Energy driving-damage degradation-structural failure mechanism Rock burst

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A Review of Visual Estimation Research on Live Pig Weight

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SENSORS 2024年第21期24卷 7093页

作者： Wang, Zhaoyang Li, Qifeng Yu, Qinyang Qian, Wentai Gao, Ronghua Wang, Rong wu, Tonghui Li, xuwen China Agr Univ Coll Informat & Elect Engn Beijing 100083 Peoples R China Beijing Acad Agr & Forestry Sci Res Ctr Informat Technol Beijing 100097 Peoples R China Huazhong Agr Univ Coll Informat Wuhan 430070 Peoples R China Shanxi Agr Univ Coll Agr Engn Jinzhong 030801 Peoples R China Tianjin Agr Univ Coll Comp & Informat Engn Tianjin 300384 Peoples R China

The weight of live pigs is directly related to their health, nutrition management, disease prevention and control, and the overall economic benefits to livestock enterprises. Direct weighing can induce stress responses in pigs, leading to decreased productivity. Therefore, modern livestock industries are increasingly turning to non-contact techniques for estimating pig weight, such as automated monitoring systems based on computer vision. These technologies provide continuous, real-time weight-monitoring data without disrupting the pigs' normal activities or causing stress, thereby enhancing breeding efficiency and management levels. Two methods of pig weight estimation based on image and point cloud data are comprehensively analyzed in this paper. We first analyze the advantages and disadvantages of the two methods and then discuss the main problems and challenges in the field of pig weight estimation technology. Finally, we predict the key research areas and development directions in the future.

关键词： weight estimation non-contact computer vision image analysis point cloud stereoscopic vision

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An accurate measurement of high-reflective objects by using 3D structured light

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MEASUREMENT 2024年 237卷

作者： Song, xuwen Zhang, Shijin wu, Yuqiang Northwestern Polytech Univ Sch Software Xian 710072 Peoples R China Yangtze River Delta Res Inst NPU Suzhou Key Lab Aerosp Ind Software & Data Sci Taicang 215400 Peoples R China

Using three-dimensional structured light to measure high -reflective objects accurately is a big challenge. Some overexposed and blurred areas in the structured light fringe patterns lead to the loss of semantic and texture information on the object surface, further leading to 3D model reconstruction errors. To solve this problem, a lightweight novel network, Deformable Convolutional and Multi -scale Convolutional Network (DcMcNet), is proposed for repairing highly reflectively distorted regions in sinusoidal fringe patterns and the Gray code binary fringe patterns. DcMcNet uses deformable convolution and multi -scale convolution to realize the effective utilization of multiscale global features in repairing highly reflective distorted regions and can adapt well to the different shapes of these regions. In addition, virtual software is used to acquire large-scale and high-fidelity datasets and a diverse loss function is constructed to better optimize DcMcNet. Depth reconstruction experiments of sinusoidal fringe patterns and point cloud reconstruction experiments of Gray code binary fringe patterns show that our method can repair highly reflective distortion regions with high accuracy, and for aeronautical blades, the MAE of the depth map is reduced from 0.1608 to 0.0675, and the point cloud coverage is improved from 76.64% to 98.95%.

关键词： Structured light 3D reconstruction High -reflective object Deep learning Deformable convolution

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Corn Stover-derived nanocellulose and lignin-modified particles: Pickering emulsion stabilizers and potential quercetin sustained-release carriers

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FOOD CHEMISTRY 2025年第Pt 2期465卷 142021页

作者： wu, Xinling Zhang, Qiang Zhou, Deyi Zhang, Li Zhou, Haigen Gao, Xiaodi Fang, xuwen Huo, Chao Zhang, Jinsong Jilin Univ Coll Biol & Agr Engn Changchun 130022 Peoples R China

Pickering emulsions (PEs) have wide applications in delivering nutraceuticals. However, the impact of extracting nanocellulose from corn stover on stabilizing PEs and delivering nutraceuticals remains unclear. In this study, four types of nanocellulose, cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), cellulose nanofibers (CNF), lignin-containing cellulose nanocrystals (LCNC), and lignin-containing cellulose nanofibers (LCNF) were successfully prepared from corn stover, an agricultural waste. Among them, LCNC and LCNF exhibited stable reticulated microstructures, lower crystallinity, and excellent thermal stability. Besides, lignin enhanced the nanoparticles' hydrophobicity, promoting the formation of more ideally amphiphilic particles, resulting in denser emulsions at the oil-water interface. Furthermore, emulsions stabilized by LCNC and LCNF demonstrated remarkable resistance to quercetin degradation under UV light exposure (with residual level exceeding 90 %) and improved quercetin's bioaccessibility during the in vitro digestion tests, achieving the highest bioaccessibility of 48.3 %. This study provided an innovative perspective on utilizing stover-derived materials for stabilizing PEs and delivering lipophilic nutrients.

关键词： Corn Stover nanocellulose Lignin Pickering emulsion Quercetin delivery In vitro digestion

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Assessing the role of genotype by environment interaction as determinants of maize grain yield and lodging resistance

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BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2025年第1期25卷 1-18页

作者： Yue, Haiwang Olivoto, Tiago Bu, Junzhou Wei, Jianwei Liu, Pengcheng wu, Wei Nardino, Maicon Jiang, xuwen Hebei Acad Agr & Forestry Sci Dryland Farming Inst Hebei Prov Key Lab Crops Drought Resistance Res Hengshui 053000 Hebei Peoples R China Qingdao Agr Univ Maize Res Inst Qingdao 266109 Peoples R China Univ Fed Santa Catarina Agrarian Sci Ctr Dept Plant Sci Florianopolis SC Brazil Hainan Univ Sanya Inst Breeding & Multiplicat Sch Breeding & Multiplicat Sanya 572025 Peoples R China Univ Fed Vicosa Dept Agron Vicosa MG Brazil

Background The development of superior summer maize hybrids with high-yield potential and essential agronomic traits, such as resistance to lodging, is crucial for ensuring the sustainability of maize cultivation. However, the task of identifying and breeding genotypes that exhibit exceptional performance and stability across multiple environment conditions, while considering a wide range of traits, is challenging. Given the backdrop of global climate change, understanding which climate variables and soil properties most significantly impact environmental similarity is essential for selecting hybrids with improved adaptability to regions with diverse climatic and soil conditions. This study aimed to integrate envirotyping techniques (ETs) with a multi-trait selection approach to carry out a comprehensive evaluation of maize genotypes for performance and stability. Results The grain yields of 13 maize hybrids, along with their four critical agronomic parameters, were assessed in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain of China across 40 locations in eight provinces. By considering 20 years of climatic factors and soil covariates, these 40 locations were divided into six mega-environments (MEs) based on similar long-term weather patterns and soil characteristics. Additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) analyses revealed that genotype (G), environment (E), and the GxE interaction had significant effects on all agronomic parameters (P < 0.001). The mean performance and stability of the genotypes in each mega-environment were assessed, allowing for the identification of superior hybrids using the multi-trait stability index (MTSI). In two of the MEs (ME2 and ME3), only two hybrids, HY321 and HY9112, were selected concurrently. Conclusion Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the effects of ETs on maize hybrids and enhances our understanding of GxE interactions in multi-environment trials. This understanding is essential for improving maize cultivation

关键词： Maize Mega-environment Genotype-environment interaction Envirotyping techniques

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A highly positively charged Ru(II) complex with photo-labile ligands for selective and efficient photo-inactivation of intracellular aureus

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JOURNAL OF INORGANIC BIOCHEMISTRY 2025年 268卷 112908页

作者： Xu, Yunli Da, xuwen Jian, Yao Zhou, Wanpeng wu, Aifeng wu, Yao Peng, Yatong Liu, Xiulian Shi, Yu Wang, Xuesong Zhou, Qianxiong Chinese Acad Sci Tech Inst Phys & Chem Key Lab Photochem Convers & Optoelect Mat Beijing 100190 Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci Beijing 100049 Peoples R China

Due to the protection afforded by host cells, intracellular Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), particularly methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), poses a significantly greater challenge to eliminate compared to the extracellular counterparts. It is highly desirable to develop novel antibacterial agents which are capable of selectively and efficiently eradicating intracellular bacteria, including drug-resistant strains, while being less prone to induce bacterial resistance. In this work, two Ru(II) complexes (Ru1 and Ru2) with photo-labile ligands were designed and synthesized. Both Ru1 and Ru2 could covalently bind to DNA after photo-induced ligand dissociation. Compared to Ru1, the incorporation of a triphenylamine group adorned with two positively charged cationic pyridine units significantly boosts the DNA binding constant, bacterial binding/uptake level, and subsequently, the antibacterial activity of Ru2. Ru2 could selectively photo-inactivate intracellular S. aureus and MRSA, being more efficient than vancomycin both in vitro and in vivo. Interestingly, after 20 days' treatment at sublethal concentrations, S. aureus cells exhibited no obvious drug resistance towards Ru2 upon irradiation. Such appealing results may provide new sights for developing novel antibacterial agents against intractable intracellular pathogens and also prevalent drug resistance.

关键词： Ru(II) complexes Photo-induced ligand dissociation Intracellular bacteria DNA binding Drug resistance

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Nitroreductase-responsive photosensitizers for selective imaging and photo-inactivation of intracellular bacteria

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CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL 2024年第16期30卷 e202303766-e202303766页

作者： Zhou, Wanpeng Da, xuwen Jian, Yao Peng, Yatong Liu, Xiulian Xu, Yunli wu, Yao Wang, Xuesong Zhou, Qianxiong Chinese Acad Sci Tech Inst Phys & Chem Beijing 100190 Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci Beijing 1000490 Peoples R China

Intracellular Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), especially the methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), are difficult to detect and eradicate due to the protection by the host cells. Antibacterial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) offers promise in treating intracellular bacteria, provided that selective damage to the bacteria ranther than host cells can be realized. According to the different nitroreductase (NTR) levels in mammalian cells and S. aureus, herein NTR-responsive photosensitizers (PSs) (T)CyI-NO2 were designed and synthesized. The emission and 1O2 generation of (T)CyI-NO2 are quenched by the 4-nitrobenzyl group, but can be specifically switched on by bacterial NTR. Therefore, selective imaging and photo-inactivation of intracellular S. aureus and MRSA were achieved. Our findings may pave the way for the development of more efficient and selective aPDT agents to combat intractable intracellular infections. Two nitroreductase (NTR)-responsive photosensitizers ((T)CyI-NO2) were designed and synthesized. The quenched fluorescence and singlet oxygen production of (T)CyI-NO2 can be switched on by NTR in S. aureus. Detailed studies displayed TCyI-NO2 was able to selectively image and efficiently photo-inactivate intracellular bacteria with little cytotoxicity. image

关键词： Antibacterial photodynamic therapy Intracellular bacteria treatment Nitroreductase responsive Photosensitizer Staphylococcus aureus

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