BACKGROUNDIn the present study, we address the quality degradation of corn during post-harvest processing by developing a viscoelastic composite model to predict kernel damage during post-harvest processing. The model...
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BACKGROUNDIn the present study, we address the quality degradation of corn during post-harvest processing by developing a viscoelastic composite model to predict kernel damage during post-harvest processing. The model, based on high-resolution scanning and inverse modeling techniques, provides an accurate representation of the complex internal components of corn kernels, which allows for the analysis of their stress response and damage susceptibility trends under different impact *** results show that the viscoelastic model has a relative error of 2.4% compared to the drop test data, thus demonstrating that the viscoelastic model has a very high accuracy in predicting impact damage and is able to accurately localize the flour-like endosperm as the main region of impact damage. The model showed a high correlation (0.99) between predicted and experimental damage rates by response surface *** damage during processing is reduced by reducing the proportion of flour-like endosperm in maize kernels. A new method for reducing damage during food handling and processing operations is proposed, providing an important reference for improving kernel durability and contributing to the development of gentler processing techniques to improve the quality of maize products. (c) 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are crucial mediators in various physiological and pathological processes, facilitating intercellular communication and offering potential as diagnostic disease markers. However, existing ...
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Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are crucial mediators in various physiological and pathological processes, facilitating intercellular communication and offering potential as diagnostic disease markers. However, existing EVs separation methods have limitations that hinder their clinical application. In this study, we present a novel approach using bifunctional silica microspheres (SiO2-PTB-PS) for the specific, nondestructive isolation of EVs from complex biological media. The isolated EVs were subsequently used for direct cancer detection in clinical samples. The SiO2-PTB-PS microspheres, functionalized with a phosphatidylserine (PS) recognition peptide (PSpep), specifically bound to PS on the EVs surface. Additionally, an anti-adhesion coating on the silica microspheres minimized protein contamination, enhancing purity. This affinity-based recognition and antifouling strategy ensured high-purity EVs separation. Furthermore, we developed a detection system combining SiO2-PTB-PS microspheres with surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) nanoprobes to identify protein tyrosine kinase 7 (PTK7) and epithelial cell adhesion (EpCAM) on the EVs membrane, achieving 80% precision in distinguishing cancer patients from healthy donors. The SiO2-PTB-PS microsphere system shows significant promise as a biotechnology tool, advancing the clinical application of EVs-based diagnostics.
Seafloor CO2 sequestration in the form of gas hydrates offers expansive geological opportunities for carbon neutrality strategies. Guided by phase equilibrium conditions, this study employs a self-developed multi-phys...
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Seafloor CO2 sequestration in the form of gas hydrates offers expansive geological opportunities for carbon neutrality strategies. Guided by phase equilibrium conditions, this study employs a self-developed multi-physical simulator to investigate how methane hydrate production beneath a CO2 sequestration zone can facilitate carbon storage. A dual-horizontal-well model is constructed and validated based on field measurements. Through numerical simulations, the effects of methane hydrate production timing, CO2 injection rate, and injection depth on carbon sequestration over a 100,000-year timescale are examined. Two novel metrics-sequestration efficiency and safe distance-are introduced. Results indicate that extracting methane hydrates in the later stages of CO2 injection is optimal. Furthermore, an efficient sequestration window exists for both injection rate and depth. By exploring the relationship between sequestration efficiency and storage safety, this study provides a new perspective for implementing CO2 sequestration pathways.
Herein, NiZn bimetallic oxides derived from calcination treatment of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) were successfully loaded onto the carbon black waste as support obtained from the oil refinery. The resulting hybrid...
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Herein, NiZn bimetallic oxides derived from calcination treatment of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) were successfully loaded onto the carbon black waste as support obtained from the oil refinery. The resulting hybrids could serve as environmentally friendly and cost-effective catalysts for the deoxygenation of biomass-derived fatty acids under an inert atmosphere. An online pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/ MS) system was employed to evaluate their deoxygenation performance. The optimized catalysts demonstrated remarkably high stearic acid conversion of 99.6% and selectivity towards C8-C17 olefins of 57.2%. Furthermore, these catalysts with varying metal loadings also exhibited excellent efficiency in deoxygenation reactions of other types of fatty acids, such as myristic acid and palmitic acid, achieving conversion exceeding 85% and selectivities towards olefins of ca. 50%. When converting coconut oil, the supported NiZn bimetallic oxides showed excellent selectivity towards olefins (>60%). Furthermore, in-situ DRIFTS results suggest that fatty alcohols might be the key intermediates in the deoxidation reactions of fatty acid. This study not only demonstrates the great potential for obtaining valuable chemicals from biomass but also provides some insights into the fabrication of catalyst materials by using industrial solid waste.
The last three decades have seen a rise in the use of herbal remedies and supplements, with more than 80% of the world's population relying on them for primary care. However, aflatoxin contamination in herbal reme...
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The last three decades have seen a rise in the use of herbal remedies and supplements, with more than 80% of the world's population relying on them for primary care. However, aflatoxin contamination in herbal remedies may constitute a risk to human health. In this study, a simple and robust method for the simultaneous detection of aflatoxins in four types of medicinal and edible seeds was developed by using UFLC-MS/MS combined with QuECHERS pretreatment. Meanwhile, the transfer rule of the aflatoxins in medicinal and edible seeds during the decoction process was explored, followed by dietary risk assessment based on Monte Carlo simulation. Results showed that aflatoxin contamination was found in 80.6% of the samples (62/77), with the contamination levels of 0.04-258.72 mu g/kg. Notably, high levels of aflatoxins were found in Ziziphi Spinosae Semen and Platycladi Semen, while low aflatoxin transfer rates (1.13%-11.86%) were observed during the decoction process. The estimated daily intake (EDI) of AFB1 could reach 15.314 and 0.333 ng/kg bw/day by ingesting aflatoxinsusceptible Ziziphi Spinosae Semen and Platycladi Semen, respectively. The population cancer risks ranged from 3.34 x 10- 8 to 2.86 x 10-4 hepatocellular carcinoma cases per 105 persons per year. The probabilistic risk assessment indicated a short-term and long-term health concern of intaking these two medicinal and edible seeds contaminated by aflatoxins. This study revealed the occurrence and transfer pattern of aflatoxins in the medicinal and edible seeds and evaluated the risks of their dietary exposure, providing a basis for their safe use.
Compared with natural enzymes, nanozymes have the advantages of high stability and low cost;however,selectivity and sensitivity are key issues that prevent their further development. In this study, we report a cascade...
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Compared with natural enzymes, nanozymes have the advantages of high stability and low cost;however,selectivity and sensitivity are key issues that prevent their further development. In this study, we report a cascade nanozymatic system with significantly improved selectivity and sensitivity that combines more substrate-specific reactions and sensitive fiuorescence detection. Taking detection of ascorbic acid(AA)as an example, a cascade catalytic reaction system consisting of oxidase-like N-doped carbon nanocages(NC) and peroxidase-like copper oxide(Cu O) improved the reaction selectivity in transforming the substrate into the target product by more than 1200 times against the interference of uric acid. The cascade catalytic reaction system was also applicable for transfer from open reactors into a spatially confined microfiuidic device, increasing the slope of the calibration curves by approximately 1000-fold with a linear detection range of 2.5 nmol/L to 100 nmol/L and a low limit of detection of 0.77 nmol/L. This work offers a new strategy that achieves significant improvements in selectivity and sensitivity.
In this paper, four kinds of recycled concrete with 0 %, 0.5 %, 1.0 %, and 1.5 % glass fiber volume ratios were prepared to investigate the alkali corrosion resistance life of glass fiber recycled concrete in an alkal...
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In this paper, four kinds of recycled concrete with 0 %, 0.5 %, 1.0 %, and 1.5 % glass fiber volume ratios were prepared to investigate the alkali corrosion resistance life of glass fiber recycled concrete in an alkaline environment. The alkali solution erosion test, uniaxial compression test, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) test were carried out, respectively. The results show that glass fiber can reduce the mass loss of recycled concrete in an alkaline environment, improve its compressive strength, and prolong its alkali resistance life. When the volume ratio of glass fiber was 1.0 %, the mass loss was reduced by 0.65 %, the compressive strength was increased by 11.22 %, and the alkali corrosion life was prolonged by 40 days, up to 183 days. Based on the grey degree theory GM(1,1), the compressive strength and corrosion resistance coefficient prediction models of glass fiber recycled concrete were established. The accuracy grade of the compressive strength prediction model and the corrosion resistance coefficient prediction model were level 1 (good), indicating that the accuracy of the prediction model was good, which provided a certain theoretical basis for the research in related fields of glass fiber recycled concrete in an alkaline environment.
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