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Retinal defects in mice lacking the autism-associated gene Engrailed-2

NEUROSCIENCE 2019年第0期408卷 177-190页

作者： zhang, xuwen Piano, Ilaria Messina, Andrea D'Antongiovanni, Vanessa Cro, Fabiana Provenzano, Giovanni Bozzi, Yuri Gargini, Claudia Casarosa, Simone Univ Trento Dept Cellular Computat & Integrat Biol CIBIO Trento Italy Univ Pisa Dept Pharm Pisa Italy Univ Trento Ctr Mind Brain Sci CIMeC Rovereto Italy Univ Pisa Dept Clin & Expt Med Pisa Italy CNR Neurosci Inst Pisa Italy

Defective cortical processing of visual stimuli and altered retinal function have been described in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) patients. In keeping with these findings, anatomical and functional defects have been found in the visual cortex and retina of mice bearing mutations for ASD-associated genes. Here we sought to investigate the anatomy and function of the adult retina of Engrailed 2 knockout (En2(-/-)) mice, a model for ASD. Our results showed that En2 is expressed in all three nuclear layers of the adult retina. When compared to age-matched En2(+/+) controls, En2(-/-) adult retinas showed a significant decrease in the number of calbindin(+) horizontal cells, and a significant increase in calbindin(+ )amacrine/ganglion cells. The total number of ganglion cells was not altered in the adult En2(-/-) retina, as shown by Brn3a(+) cell counts. In addition, En2(-/-) adult mice showed a significant reduction of photoreceptor (rhodopsin) and bipolar cell (Pcp2, PKC alpha) markers. Functional defects were also present in the retina of En2 mutants, as indicated by electroretinogram recordings showing a significant reduction in both a-wave and b-wave amplitude in En2(-/-) mice as compared to controls. These data show for the first time that anatomical and functional defects are present in the retina of the En2 ASD mouse model. (C) 2019 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： retina electroretinogram neurodevelopmental disorder vision photoreceptor

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Quantitative Derivation of the Euler-Poisson Equation from Quantum Many-Body Dynamics

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Peking Mathematical Journal 2024年第2期7卷 643-711页

作者： xuwen Chen Shunlin Shen Zhifei zhang Department of Mathematics University of RochesterRochesterNY 14627USA School of Mathematical Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

We study the three dimensional quantum many-body dynamics with repulsive Coulomb interaction in the mean-field *** Euler-Poisson equation is its limit as the particle number tends to infinity and Planck’s constant tends to *** a new scheme combining the hierarchy method and the modulated energy method,we establish strong and quantitative microscopic to macroscopic convergence of mass and momentum densities as well as kinetic and potential energies before the 1st blow up time of the limiting Euler-Poisson equation.

关键词： Euler-Poissonequation BBGKY hierarchy Quantum many-body dynamics Modulated energy

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Anomaly Detection for Multivariate Time Series Based on Contrastive Learning and Autoformer 27

Anomaly Detection for Multivariate Time Series Based on Cont...

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27th International Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work in Design (CSCWD)

作者： Shang, xuwen zhang, Jue Jiang, Xingguo Luo, Hong Beijing Univ Posts & Telecommun Beijing Key Lab Intelligent Telecommun Software & Beijing Peoples R China Beihang Univ Dept Comp Sci & Engn Beijing Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350349184;9798350349191

Nowadays, due to the increasingly complex and huge data flow, anomaly detection has become an important technology to ensure the high security and reliability of the systems. It helps identify unusual observations in the data, thereby protecting safety and reducing risk. However, in the field of multivariate temporal anomaly detection, there are still some difficulties in spatio-temporal correlation mining of variables, generalization ability in dealing with complex temporal sequences, and feature learning under different granularity. Therefore, we propose an unsupervised anomaly detection method for multivariate time series based on contrastive learning and Autoformer autoencoder. In order to fully explore the spatio-temporal correlation of time series data, this paper uses Graph Attention Network and Auto-Correlation to jointly learn spatio-temporal correlation, and obtain positive and negative pairs through time-domain and frequency-domain data augmentation. Finally, the Autoformer autoencoder is used for anomaly detection in a predictive manner. In the loss function section, a joint loss function is formed by introducing contrastive learning losses at the time step and time window granularity, combined with prediction loss, to improve the learning effect. This paper investigates the performance of the proposed method through experiments on the SMAP and MSL public datasets, and achieves better results than baseline methods.

关键词： anomaly detection multivariate time series contrastive learning autoformer spatio-temporal correlation

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Unveiling the relationship between dislocation structure evolution and strain hardening behavior of S32654 super-austenitic stainless steel

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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE 2024年第27期59卷 12715-12731页

作者： Liao, Luhai zhang, He Hu, Shengbo Guo, Rui Yuan, xuwen Li, Fengguang Hubei Univ Automot Technol Sch Mat Sci & Engn Shiyan 442002 Peoples R China Wuhan Univ Sci & Technol Key Lab Ferrous Met & Resources Utilizat Minist Educ Wuhan 430081 Peoples R China Wuhan Univ Sci & Technol Hubei Prov Key Lab New Proc Ironmaking & Steel Mak Wuhan 430081 Peoples R China

Understanding the relationship between dislocation structure evolution and strain hardening behavior is crucial for the development of high-strength and high-ductility alloys. In this work, the strain hardening mechanism of S32654 super-austenitic stainless steel is studied by electron backscatter diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. S32654 is characterized by a constant high strain hardening rate accompanied by 835 +/- 10 MPa ultimate tensile strength and 67 +/- 3% elongation. Deformation microstructures at different strain levels are investigated in order to unveil the influence of microstructure on mechanical properties. Research results indicate that although the strain hardening curve of S32654 shows similarities to high-strength twinning-induced plasticity (TWIP) steels, deformation-induced twinning is not the primary strain hardening mechanism for S32654. With increasing deformation, the evolution of dislocation structures in S32654 is mainly dominated by the continuous refinement of slip bands. The spacing between slip bands, as a microstructural parameter, can describe the flow stress curve. The TWIP effect only contributes to the strain hardening of S32654 in the later stages of deformation.

关键词： Strain hardening

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Maize kernel damage dynamic prediction in threshing through PSO-LSTM and discrete element modelling

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BIOSYSTEMS ENGINEERING 2024年 242卷 179-195页

作者： Fang, xuwen zhang, Jinsong Zhao, Xuelin zhang, Qiang zhang, Li Zhou, Deyi Yu, Chunsheng Hu, Wei Wang, Hao Jilin Univ Coll Biol & Agr Engn Changchun 130022 Peoples R China

This study presents the development of a maize ear model and a predictive approach for kernel damage in maize threshing, integrating physical simulation and predictive analytics to understand better and forecast threshingrelated damage. First, a maize ear model was developed to analyse kernel damage during threshing. Through the angle of repose experiments, the optimal number of spheres for the kernel model was established as 65. Tensile tests were conducted to evaluate the kernel-cob bond strength, revealing an average relative error in the bonding force of 8.71%. Vogel impact energy modelling was applied to the kernel threshing process to determine kernel damage. The correlation between the speed of seed grain movement and the occurrence of damage was analysed by post-processing to identify locations with frequent kernel damage in the drum. In-depth data analysis of kernel damage in the threshing drum further elucidates the inherent relationship between kernel velocity and damage extent. The study then focused on applying neural networks to predict damage rates. The comparative evaluation shows that the PSO-LSTM model has better prediction accuracy than LSTM and RNN models, with the PSO-LSTM network achieving an RMSE of 0.096, a R2 of 99.96%, and a final damage rate of 2.41% in validation tests. Threshing experiments were conducted to verify the model, showing a 1.4% discrepancy between predicted and actual damage rates. This study proposes a kernel damage prediction model and provides new insights and directions for the structural design of threshing drums.

关键词： Maize threshing Kernel damage prediction Machine learning in agriculture Agricultural automation LSTM network

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Valence-State-Engineered Electrochemiluminescence from Au Nanoclusters

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ACS NANO 2023年第1期17卷 355-362页

作者： Wang, Dongyang Gao, xuwen Jia, Jingna zhang, Bin Zou, Guizheng Shandong Univ Sch Chem & Chem Engn Jinan 250100 Peoples R China

To determine the intrinsic effects of body elements on the electrochemiluminescence (ECL) of metal nanoclusters (NCs), herein, a valence-state engineering strategy is developed to adjust the NCs' ECL with bovine serum albumin (BSA)-stabilized AuNCs as a model, in which engineering the valence state of the Au body element, i.e., Au(0) and Au(I), is performed via successively reducing the precursor AuCl4- to Au(I) and Au(0) with BSA. The obtained BSA-AuNCs/N2H4 system leads to three anodic ECL processes at 0.37 (ECL-1), 0.85 (ECL-2), and 1.45 V (ECL-3). ECL-1 is generated from the BSA-Au(0) section of BSA-AuNCs in a surface-defect-involved route and is much stronger and red-shifted compared to ECL-2 and ECL-3, which are generated from the BSA-Au(I) section of BSA-AuNCs in the band-gap-engineered route. Each of the anodic ECL processes can be selectively generated and/or suppressed via adjusting the Au(I)/Au(0) ratio of BSA-AuNCs, tunable ECL generation route, and triggering potential, and the emission intensity and waveband of metal NCs are conveniently achieved in body-element-involved valence-state engineering.

关键词： Au nanocluster electrochemiluminescence valence-state-engineered band-gap-engineered surface-defect-involved

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Financial inclusion, environmental degradation, and the moderating role of ICT: a global perspective

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ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH 2023年第1期31卷 445-457页

作者： Khan, Karamat Yan, xuwen zhang, Jie Ullah, Sami Li, Chuntao Henan Univ Sch Econ Kaifeng Peoples R China Zhongnan Univ Econ & Law Sch Finance Wuhan Peoples R China Shandong Univ Res Ctr Labour Econ & Human Resources Weihai Shandong Peoples R China Sias Int Univ Sch Business Zhengzhou Henan Peoples R China

This study aims to investigate the global perspective on the relationship between financial inclusion and environmental degradation, taking into account the potential moderating role of information and communication technology (ICT). The research utilizes panel data from 131 countries, covering the period of 1995 to 2019. The findings show that financial inclusion has significant and positive impact on carbon emissions, implying that as financial inclusion increases, so do carbon emissions. Moreover, our findings reveal a significant negative moderating effect of the ICT on the relationship between financial inclusion and carbon emissions. This implies that the impact of financial inclusion on carbon emissions is contingent upon the level of ICT development. The robustness of these findings is confirmed through the use of alternative proxies for the explanatory and moderating variables, as well as alternative estimation methods. The outcomes of this study carry significant implications for both policy and practice.

关键词： Financial inclusion CO2 emissions ICT GMM Global perspective

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The Derivation of the Compressible Euler Equation from Quantum Many-Body Dynamics

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Peking Mathematical Journal 2024年第1期7卷 35-90页

作者： xuwen Chen Shunlin Shen Jiahao Wu Zhifei zhang Department of Mathematics University of RochesterRochesterNY 14627USA School of Mathematical Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

We study the three-dimensional many-particle quantum dynamics in mean-field *** forge together the hierarchy method and the modulated energy *** prove rigorously that the compressible Euler equation is the limit as the particle num-ber tends to infinity and the Planck’s constant tends to *** improve the previous sufficient small time hierarchy argument to any finite time via a new iteration scheme and Strichartz bounds first raised by Klainerman and Machedon in this *** establish strong and quantitative microscopic to macroscopic convergence of mass and momentum densities up to the 1st blow up time of the limiting Euler *** justify that the macroscopic pressure emerges from the space-time averages of micro-scopic interactions via the Strichartz-type *** have hence found a physical meaning for Strichartz-type bounds.

关键词： Compressible Euler equation BBGKY hierarchy Quantum many-body dynamics Klainerman-Machedon bounds Modulated energy

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Multisite synergistic interaction induced selective adsorption of CB5-Ti3C2T2 complex for strontium ion: A combined theoretical and experimental study

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JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2025年 487卷 137288页

作者： Li, Sifan zhang, Pengcheng zhang, Yujuan Qiu, Kaikai Wang, Lin Lan, Jianhui zhang, Yu Zhao, xuwen Miao, Chengzhen Shi, Weiqun Univ Sci & Technol Beijing Sch Mat Sci & Engn Beijing 100083 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Inst High Energy Phys Lab Nucl Energy Chem Beijing 100049 Peoples R China Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ Sch Nucl Sci & Engn Minist Educ Shanghai 200240 Peoples R China Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ Key Lab Nucl Power Syst & Equipment Minist Educ Shanghai 200240 Peoples R China

In this work, we use a well-defined water-soluble macrocyclic molecule cucurbit[5]uril (CB5) to modify 2D Ti3C2T2 MXene and assemble a novel high-performance adsorbent CB5-Ti3C2T2 for Sr ion by density functional theory and experimental methods. The structural stabilities of two distinct types of CB5-Ti3C2T2 (T = F, O and OH) complexes, i.e., CB5-Ti3C2T2(V) and CB5-Ti3C2T2(P) configurations are proved by binding energy and ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations. Calculations of adsorption properties reveal that all the considered CB5-Ti3C2T2 complexes can act as efficient adsorbents for Sr ion, among which CB5-Ti3C2O2 complex possesses the best performance. The high affinity (the calculated adsorption energies < -7.6 eV) and selectivity of CB5-Ti3C2T2 complex for Sr ion are attributed to the synergistic effect between CB5 molecule and Ti3C2T2 MXene in the adsorption process, which arises from the multisite interactions of portal carbonyl groups of CB5 and surface functional groups of Ti3C2T2 towards Sr. Finally, CB5-Ti3C2T2 complex was successfully synthesized, and experimental results confirm its synergistic effect, good selectivity and high removal efficiency for Sr ions. In the treatment of strontium-containing wastewater with low concentrations, the distribution coefficient and decontamination factor of CB5-Ti3C2T2 for Sr were determined to be as high as 2.88 x 10(5) mL/g and 144.9, respectively, and the separation factor (SFSr/Ca) achieved a notable value of 67. 5. This work is expected to present a new strategy for the construction of high-performance MXene-based adsorbent for radionuclide elimination.

关键词： MXene Cucurbit[5]uril Adsorption Strontium First-principles simulation

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Case study on the combined use of surface seawater injection and depressurization for sustainable natural gas hydrate extraction

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JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION 2025年 494卷

作者： zhang, Zhaobin Li, Yuxuan Li, Shouding He, Jianming Li, Xiao Lu, Cheng Qin, xuwen Chinese Acad Sci Inst Geol & Geophys Key Lab Deep Petr Intelligent Explorat & Dev Beijing 100029 Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci Coll Earth & Planetary Sci Beijing 100049 Peoples R China China Geol Survey Minist Nat Resources Beijing 100037 Peoples R China

In response to the issue of inefficient extraction of natural gas hydrates due to a lack of heat supplementation during long-term production, a combined extraction method integrating surface seawater injection and depressurization has been proposed. Under the premise that the surface seawater injection pipeline possesses certain thermal insulation properties, this method can sustainably harness solar energy to replenish the thermal energy of gas hydrate reservoirs. Numerical simulations based on a validated three-dimensional heterogeneous model from the 2013 Nankai Trough pilot production in Japan demonstrate that this method significantly enhances hydrate extraction efficiency compared to depressurization alone. The results show that, over a 500-day production scenario, methane recovery efficiency can be enhanced by up to 150%. The study reveals that only an appropriate injection temperature can effectively improve the efficiency of hydrate exploitation. Compared to the depressurization-only method, this extraction approach increases the temperature driving force (TDF) near the injection well improved by up to 12 K. However, higher injection rates suppress depressurization effects, requiring a balance between injection temperature and rate. The proposed approach also facilitates more uniform reservoir deformation, reducing localized subsidence risks. These findings suggest that the combined surface seawater injection and depressurization method provides an effective and environmentally friendly solution for sustainable hydrate exploitation.

关键词： Natural gas hydrate Surface seawater injection Injection temperature and rate Temperature driving force Reservoir deformation

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