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Selectively Lighting Up Singlet Oxygen via Aggregation-Induced Electrochemiluminescence Energy Transfer

ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2022年第8期94卷 3718-3726页

作者： Gao, xuwen Zhao, Huimin Wang, Dongyang Xu, Yuqi zhang, Bin Zou, Guizheng Shandong Univ Sch Chem & Chem Engn Jinan 250100 Peoples R China Shandong Normal Univ Shandong Prov Engn & Tech Ctr Light Manipulat Sch Phys & Elect Shandong Prov Key Lab Opt & Photon Device Jinan 250100 Peoples R China

Singlet oxygen (O-1(2)) is an important reactive oxygen species (ROS) that is intensively involved in natural photochemical and photobiological processes. Herein, selectively lighting up O-1(2) is achieved in the aggregation-induced emission (AIE) of electrochemiluminescence (ECL) from the Zn2+-mediated AIE assembly of Au nanoclusters (Zn2+-AIE-AuNCs). Zn2+-AIE-AuNCs can exhibit efficient AIE ECL and photoluminescence (PL) along with O-1(2) generation in energy and charge transfer routes, respectively. The AIE ECL of the Zn2+-AIE-AuNCs/tripropylamine (TEA) system in carbonate buffer is located around 703 nm with the dimeric aggregate of O-1(2) as an emitter because electrochemically oxidizing coexisted Zn2+-AIE-AuNCs and TEA in carbonate buffer would promote the oxygen vacancy (Ov) of Zn2+-AIE-AuNCs, which could selectively enable the generation of emissive singlet oxygen in the energy transfer route by effectively transferring the energy from excited singlet Zn2+-AIE-AuNCs to the triplet ground state of dissolved oxygen (O-3(2)). No emissive O-1(2) is detected via electrochemically oxidizing the Zn2+-AIE-AuNCs in the case without either carbonate buffer or TEA, and the Zn2+-AIE-AuNCs/TEA system can only exhibit AIE ECL around 485 nm with Zn2+-AIE-AuNCs as the emitter in carbonate-free buffers. Photoexciting Zn2+-AIE-AuNCs merely brings out band-gap-engineered AIE PL around similar to 485 nm with Zn2+-AIE-AuNCs as the emitter, which manifests that the O-1(2) generated in the charge transfer route via photoexciting Zn2+-AIE-AuNCs is un-emissive. This work not only proposes an effective strategy for AIE with O-1(2) as an emitter but also opens a promising way to selectively light up O-1(2).

关键词： Energy Electrochemiluminescence Aggregation-induced emission Singlet oxygen

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A password-authentication scheme based on ciphertext random sampling transmission 21

A password-authentication scheme based on ciphertext random ...

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21st IEEE International Conference on Ubiquitous Computing and Communications / 5th IEEE International Conference on Data Science and Computational Intelligence / 21st IEEE International Conference on Computer and Information Technology

作者： Yang, Lizhu Qin, Yong Qin, xuwen zhang, Dongcheng Dongguan Univ Technol Sch Comp Sci & Technol Dongguan Peoples R China Dongguan Univ Technol Sch Cyberspace Secur Dongguan Peoples R China Shenzhen Coll Int Educ G2 Grade Shenzhen Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665477260

The traditional identity authentication approach of username and password has the security risk of password leakage in the transmission process. For the security of password transmission in the blockchain education architecture, an asymmetric encryption algorithm is used to encrypt the transmitted password. Then use an improved random sampling algorithm to randomly extract part of the ciphertext and transmit those selected ciphertexts. The authentication credentials are sampled ciphertext and the location index. At the same time, the authentication factor is generated through the TimeStamp technology, and mutual authentication is realized based on the Response-Challenge protocol. Through security analysis and experimental analysis, the proposed scheme is proved to be secure.

关键词： Password authentication blockchain identity authentication password transmission security ciphertext random sampling Response-Challenge protocol

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Metabolic Nanoregulators Induce Ferroptosis and Change Metabolite Flow to Reverse Immunosuppressive Tumor Microenvironment

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ACS NANO 2024年第51期18卷 34996-35012页

作者： Wang, Yu Chen, Qinjun Luo, Yifan Qu, Yangqi Li, xuwen Song, Haolin Li, Chufeng zhang, Yiwen Sun, Tao Jiang, Chen Fudan Univ Key Lab Smart Drug Delivery State Key Lab Med Neurobiol Dept PharmaceutSch PharmInst Brain SciMinist Ed Shanghai 201203 Peoples R China MOE Frontiers Ctr Brain Sci Shanghai 201203 Peoples R China Fujian Med Univ Affiliated Hosp 1 Natl Reg Med Ctr Dept Digest Dis Binhai Campus Fuzhou 350212 Peoples R China

Aberrant energy and substance metabolic pathways of tumor cells critically support tumor cell proliferation by hijacking the resources from nonmalignant cells, thereby establishing a metabolite flow favorable to tumor progression. This metabolic adaptation of tumor cells further modulates the immune landscape, ultimately creating a tumor microenvironment characterized by drug resistance and immunosuppression. The synergistic regulation of energy and substance metabolic pathways might be a good antitumor therapeutic paradigm. However, due to the metabolic convergence, it is crucial to selectively modulate the aberrant metabolism of tumor cells without compromising the functionality of other cells. Small-molecule drugs have the ability to target a wide range of biomolecules for antitumor therapy, but their application is limited by undesirable toxicities. Constructing nanodrug delivery systems can improve their properties and allow for the inclusion of multiple drugs, thereby exerting synergistic antitumor effects. In this study, we developed a two-drug codelivery system using drugs-conjugated multibranched polymers to modulate tumor cell metabolism by exploiting synthetic lethal pathways for safe and effective antitumor therapy. By delivery of adapalene and erastin simultaneously through nanoparticles, the material and energy metabolism of tumor cells can be regulated. This nanoparticle construction achieves tumor tissue targeting and responsive drug release, alters metabolite flow within tumor cells, and effectively kills tumor cells. Additionally, the nanoparticles can reverse the tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment, starting from single-cell regulation to whole-lesion control.

关键词： metabolic nanoregulators metabolite flow ferroptosis immunosuppression multibranched polymers

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An Improved Design of Atomic-Beam Fluorescence Collector 37

An Improved Design of Atomic-Beam Fluorescence Collector

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37th European Frequency and Time Forum, EFTF 2024

作者： Hu, xuwen Sun, Fuyu Li, Chao Liu, Jie Li, Xiaofeng zhang, Shougang National Time Service Center Chinese Academy of Sciences Xi'an China Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Time Reference and Applications Xi'an China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350354270

Efficient fluorescence detection is crucial in the field of precision spectral analysis. This paper presents an improved design of an atomic-beam fluorescence collector that utilizes the convergence characteristics of ellipsoidal surfaces and the reflection characteristics of spherical surfaces. It calculates the parameter relationship for achieving full-angle fluorescence collection. The study fine-tunes the structural parameters and simulates the fluorescence collection efficiency and losses under different conditions when emitting from a non-ideal point light source. The improved fluorescence collector captures photons with nearly 4n solid angle coverage, allowing photons to be reflected at most twice before reaching the photo detector, thereby increasing collection efficiency. This improved collector can be used in various fields for detecting weak fluorescence signals. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Fluorescence microscopy

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GhEXL3 participates in brassinosteroids regulation of fiber elongation in Gossypium hirsutum

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PLANT JOURNAL 2024年第2期120卷 491-504页

作者： zhang, Changsheng Liu, Zhao Shu, Sheng Li, Xinyang Li, Yujun Liu, Le Liu, Li Wang, xuwen Li, Fuguang Qanmber, Ghulam Yang, Zuoren Zhengzhou Univ Sch Agr Sci State Key Lab Cotton Biobreeding & Integrated Util Zhengzhou Res Base Zhengzhou Peoples R China Chinese Acad Agr Sci Inst Cotton Res State Key Lab Cotton Biobreeding & Integrated Util Anyang Peoples R China Chinese Acad Agr Sci Western Agr Res Ctr Changji Peoples R China Xinjiang Acad Agr & Reclamat Sci Cotton Res Inst Northwest Inland Reg Key Lab Cotton Biol & Genet B Shihezi Peoples R China

Cotton fiber (Gossypium hirsutum) serves as an ideal model for investigating the molecular mechanisms of plant cell elongation at the single-cell level. Brassinosteroids (BRs) play a crucial role in regulating plant growth and development. However, the mechanism by which BR influences cotton fiber elongation remains incompletely understood. In this study, we identified EXORDIUM-like (GhEXL3) through transcriptome analysis of fibers from BR-deficient cotton mutant pagoda 1 (pag1) and BRI1-EMS-SUPPRESSOR 1 (GhBES1.4, encoding a central transcription factor of BR signaling) overexpression cotton lines. Knockout of GhEXL3 using CRISPR/Cas9 was found to impede cotton fiber elongation, while its overexpression promoted fiber elongation, suggesting a positive regulatory function for GhEXL3 in fiber elongation. Furthermore, in vitro ovule culture experiments revealed that the overexpression of GhEXL3 partially counteracted the inhibitory effects of brassinazole (BRZ) on cotton fiber elongation, providing additional evidence of GhEXL3 involvement in BR signaling pathways. Moreover, our findings demonstrate that GhBES1.4 directly binds to the E-box (CACGTG) motif in the GhEXL3 promoter region and enhances its transcription. RNA-seq analysis revealed that overexpression of GhEXL3 upregulated the expression of EXPs, XTHs, and other genes associated with fiber cell elongation. Overall, our study contributes to understanding the mechanism by which BR regulates the elongation of cotton fibers through the direct modulation of GhEXL3 expression by GhBES1.4.

关键词： cotton fiber brassinosteroids GhEXL3 GhBES1.4 cell elongation

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Path Sensitive Fuzzing for Native Applications

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON DEPENDABLE AND SECURE COMPUTING 2022年第3期19卷 1544-1561页

作者： Gan, Shuitao zhang, Chao Qin, Xiaojun Tu, xuwen Li, Kang Pei, Zhongyu Chen, Zuoning State Key Lab Math Engn & Adv Comp Wuxi Jiangsu Peoples R China Tsinghua Univ Inst Network Sci & Cyberspace Beijing 100084 Peoples R China Beijing Natl Res Ctr Informat Sci & Technol Beijing 100084 Peoples R China Anonymous Univ Beijing Peoples R China

Coverage-guided fuzzing is a widely used and effective solution to find software vulnerabilities. Tracking code coverage and utilizing it to guide fuzzing are crucial to coverage-guided fuzzers. However, tracking full and accurate path coverage is infeasible in practice due to the high instrumentation overhead. Popular fuzzers (e.g., AFL) often use coarse coverage information, e.g., edge hit counts stored in a compact bitmap, to achieve highly efficient greybox testing. Such inaccuracy and incompleteness in coverage introduce serious limitations to fuzzers. First, it causes path collisions, which prevent fuzzers from discovering potential paths that lead to new crashes. More importantly, it prevents fuzzers from making wise decisions on fuzzing strategies. In this article, we propose a coverage sensitive fuzzing solution CollAFL. It mitigates path collisions by providing more accurate coverage information, while still preserving low instrumentation overhead. It also utilizes the coverage information to apply three new fuzzing strategies, promoting the speed of discovering new paths and vulnerabilities. We implemented two variants of this solution, namely CollAFL (based on AFL) and CollAFL-bin (based on AFL-dyninst), to test applications with and without source code respectively, and evaluated them on 24 popular applications. The results showed that path collisions are common, i.e., up to 75 percent of edges could collide with others in some applications. But our solutions CollAFL and CollAFL-bin could reduce the edge collision ratio to nearly zero. Moreover, armed with the three fuzzing strategies, they outperform their counterparts (i.e., AFL and AFL-dyninst) in terms of both code coverage and vulnerability discovery. On average, CollAFL covered 20 percent more program paths, and found 320 percent more unique crashes and 260 percent more bugs than AFL in 200 hours. Moreover, CollAFL-bin covered 15 percent more paths, and found 200 percent more unique crashes and 15

关键词： Fuzzing Computer bugs Instruments Security Grammar Cyberspace Coverage-guided fuzzing path collision bitmap seed selection policy source code binary code

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The catalytic thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate on CuMxOy (M = Fe, Ni, Co and Zn) catalysts and their applications in solid propellant

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JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY 2023年第13期148卷 6013-6026页

作者： Hu, Yinghui Wang, xuwen Hao, Jingwei Jiang, Shouhang zhang, Jian Yang, Yulin Lin, Kaifeng Zheng, Jian Shuai, Yong Harbin Inst Technol Sch Chem & Chem Engn MIIT Key Lab Crit Mat Technol New Energy Convers & Harbin 150001 Peoples R China Harbin Inst Technol Sch Energy Sci & Engn Harbin 150001 Peoples R China China Aerosp Sci & Technol Corp 16 Fucheng Rd Beijing 100048 Peoples R China

The excellent thermal decomposition efficiency of ammonium perchlorate (AP) is of great importance for obtaining propellant with fast specific impulse. In this study, four CuMxOy catalysts, including M = Fe, Ni, Co, and Zn, were synthesized and then used for catalyzing AP decomposition and hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB)-based solid propellant combustion. The existed synergistic effect in CuMxOy catalysts improved the catalytic activity and the most active CuZnO catalyst decreased the AP high-temperature decomposition temperature (HTD) from 412.5 to 289.4 ?. Kinetic studies indicated that CuMxOy catalysts inhibited the conversion of N2O to a fully oxidized product and decreased the activation energy (E-a) in HTD to concentrate AP decomposition to significantly decrease the heat loss, thereby increasing their decomposition efficiency. When applying the CuMxOy catalysts in the HTPB (hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene)-based solid propellant, a faster burning rate and stronger optical emission spectrum were obtained. The CuMxOy catalyst is a potential additive for the preparation of outstanding combustion solid propellants.

关键词： Bimetal oxide catalyst Ammonium perchlorate Thermal decomposition Catalytic mechanism Burning rate

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Targeting Hypoxia and Autophagy Inhibition via Delivering Sonodynamic Nanoparticles With HIF-2α Inhibitor for Enhancing Immunotherapy in Renal Cell Carcinoma

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ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS 2024年第32期13卷 e2402973页

作者： Zhu, Yihao Li, Yajian Li, xuwen Yu, Yuan zhang, Lingpu zhang, Hanchen Chen, Can Chen, Dong Wang, Mingshuai Xing, Nianzeng Yang, Feiya Wasilijiang, Wahafu Ye, Xiongjun Chinese Acad Med Sci & Peking Union Med Coll Dept Urol Natl Canc Ctr Natl Clin Res Ctr CancCanc Hosp Beijing 100021 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Hangzhou Inst Med Zhejiang Canc Hosp Hangzhou 310022 Zhejiang Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Inst Chem Lab Polymer Phys & Chem Beijing Natl Lab Mol Sci Beijing 100190 Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci Beijing 100049 Peoples R China Zunyi Med Univ Affiliated Hosp 2 Dept Oncol Zunyi 563000 Guizhou Peoples R China Shanxi Med Univ Canc Hosp Dept Urol Shanxi Prov Canc HospShanxi HospCanc HospChine Xian 030013 Shanxi Peoples R China

Immune checkpoint blockers (ICBs) therapy stands as the first-line treatment option for advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, its effectiveness is hindered by the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) generates tumor cell fragments that can prime the host's antitumor immunity. Nevertheless, the hypoxic microenvironment and upregulated autophagy following SDT often lead to cancer cell resistance. In response to these challenges, a hypoxia-responsive polymer (Poly(4,4 '-azobisbenzenemethanol-PMDA)-mPEG(5k), P-APm) encapsulating both a HIF-2 alpha inhibitor (belzutifan) and the ultrasonic sensitize (Chlorin e6, Ce6) is designed, to create the nanoparticle APm/Ce6/HIF. APm/Ce6/HIF combined with ultrasound (US) significantly suppresses tumor growth and activates antitumor immunity in vivo. Moreover, this treatment effectively transforms the immunosuppressive microenvironment from "immune-cold" to "immune-hot", thereby enhancing the response to ICBs therapy. The findings indicate that APm/Ce6/HIF offers a synergistic approach combining targeted therapy with immunotherapy, providing new possibilities for treating RCC.

关键词： HIF-2 alpha immunotherapy renal cell carcinoma sonodynamic therapy

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A highly sensitive one-step nanobody-based immunoassay to specifically detect antibodies against fowl adenovirus serotype 4

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POULTRY SCIENCE 2025年第4期104卷 104970页

作者： Ji, Pinpin zhang, Hao Xiri, Yangzong Li, Ziling Liu, Zhixiang Dan, Miao Li, Xiaoxuan Sun, xuwen Zhao, Qin Sun, Yani Northwest A&F Univ Coll Vet Med Dept Prevent Vet Med Yangling 712100 Shaanxi Peoples R China Minist Agr Sci Observing & Expt Stn Vet Pharmacol & Diagnost Yangling 712100 Shaanxi Peoples R China

Hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome, caused by fowl adenovirus serotype 4 (FAdV-4), has resulted in significant economic damage to the poultry industry. To monitor viral exposure and vaccine efficacy, some traditional antibody-based immunoassays have been developed for detecting anti-FAdV-4 antibodies. However, these assays have some drawbacks including multi-step operations and higher production cost. Recently, nanobodies are regarded as a promising tool for developing immunoassays. In the study, 23 nanobodies against FAdV-4 were screened and expressed with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) in the HEK293T cells. Then, the FAdV-4-Nb28-HRP fusion protein was selected for developing competitive enzyme-linked immunoassays (cELISA) to detect antiFAdV-4 antibodies in the chicken sera. The optimal concentrations and dilutions for the coating antigen, fusion protein and testing sera were determined to be 400 ng/well, 1:80 and 1:20, respectively. After the coated plates were vacuumized and stored, the operation of cELISA to detect clinical chicken sera was only one-step and the full time was 75 min. The cELISA also exhibited high sensitivity, specificity, reproducibility and good agreement with the commercial ELISA kit. When the sequential sera from the challenged chickens were tested, the cELISA showed superior sensitivity compared with the commercial ELISA kit. Moreover, epitope mapping revealed that the nanobody specifically recognized the sites GLN235 ASN236 SER238 of the fiber-1 protein, highly conserved among different FAdV-4 isolates and different from the FAdV-1 and-8. The results indicated that cELISA can specifically detect anti-FAdV-4 antibodies. Collectively, the developed one-step nanobody-based cELISA is an ideal method for epidemiological investigation and vaccine immune evaluation of FAdV-4.

关键词： Nanobody One-step competitive ELISA FAdV-4 antibodies Fiber-1 protein

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Decoupling of the Confused Complex in Oxidation of 3,3′,5,5′-Tetramethylbenzidine for the Reliable Chromogenic Bioassay

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ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2023年第44期95卷 16407-16417页

作者： Zhu, Caixia Yang, Hong Cao, xuwen Hong, Qing Xu, Yuan Wang, Kaiyuan Shen, Yanfei Liu, Songqin zhang, Yuanjian Southeast Univ Sch Chem & Chem Engn Med Sch Jiangsu Engn Lab Smart Carbon Rich Mat & DevicesJ Nanjing Peoples R China

Regulation of the reaction pathways is a perennial theme in the field of chemistry. As a typical chromogenic substrate, 3,3 ',5,5 '-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) generally undertakes one-electron oxidation, but the product (TMBox1) is essentially a confused complex and is unstable, which significantly hampers the clinic chromogenic bioassays for more than 50 years. Herein, we report that sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-based micelles could drive the direct two-electron oxidation of TMB to the final stable TMBox2. Rather than activation of H2O2 oxidant in the one-electron TMB oxidation by common natural peroxidase, activation of the TMB substrate by SDS micelles decoupled the thermodynamically favorable complex between TMBox2 with unreacted TMB, leading to an unusual direct two-electron oxidation pathway. Mechanism studies demonstrated that the complementary spatial and electrostatic isolation effects, caused by the confined hydrophobic cavities and negatively charged outer surfaces of SDS micelles, were crucial. Further cascading with glucose oxidase, as a proof-of-concept application, allowed glucose to be more reliably measured, even in a broader range of concentrations without any conventional strong acid termination.

关键词： Carbohydrates Micelles Oxidation Oxidation reactions Reaction products

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