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Apple fruit acidity is genetically diversified by natural variations in three hierarchical epistatic genes: MdSAUR37, MdPP2CH and MdALMTII

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PLANT JOURNAL 2018年第3期95卷 427-443页

作者： Jia, Dongjie Shen, Fei Wang, Yi Wu, Ting Xu, Xuefeng Zhang, Xinzhong Han, Zhenhai China Agr Univ Coll Hort Inst Hort Plants Beijing 100193 Peoples R China

Many efforts have been made to map quantitative trait loci (QTLs) to facilitate practical marker-assisted selection (MAS) in plants. In the present study, using MapQTL and BSA-seq (bulk segregant analysis using next generation sequencing) with two independent pedigree-based populations, we identified four major genome-wide QTLs responsible for apple fruit acidity. Candidate genes were screened in major QTL regions, and three functional gene markers, including a non-synonymous A/G single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the coding region of MdPP2CH, a 36-bp insertion in the promoter of MdSAUR37 and a previously reported SNP in MdALMTII, were validated to influence the malate content of apple fruits. In addition, MdPP2CH inactivated three vacuolar H+-ATPases (MdVHA-A3, MdVHA-B2 and MdVHA-D2) and one aluminium-activated malate transporter (MdALMTII) via dephosphorylation and negatively influenced fruit malate accumulation. The dephosphotase activity of MdPP2CH was suppressed by MdSAUR37, which implied a higher hierarchy of genetic interaction. Therefore, the MdSAUR37/MdPP2CH/MdALMTII chain cascaded hierarchical epistatic genetic effects to precisely determine apple fruit malate content. An A/G SNP (-1010) on the MdMYB44 promoter region from a major QTL (qtl08.1) was closely associated with fruit malate content. The predicted phenotype values (PPVs) were estimated using the tentative genotype values of the gene markers, and the PPVs were significantly correlated with the observed phenotype values. Our findings provide an insight into plant genome-based selection in apples and will aid in conducting research to understand the fundamental physiological basis of quantitative genetics.

关键词： Malus domestica Borkh malate bulk segregant analysis-seq quantitative trait locus functional gene marker

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highly Sensitive Diode-Based Micro-Pirani Vacuum Sensor with Low Power Consumption

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SENSORS 2019年第1期19卷 188-188页

作者： Wei, Debo Fu, Jianyu Liu, Ruiwen Hou, Ying Liu, Chao Wang, Weibing Chen, Dapeng Chinese Acad Sci Inst Microelect Smart Sensing Res & Dev Ctr Beijing 100029 Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci Sch Elect Elect & Commun Engn Beijing 100029 Peoples R China

Micro-Pirani vacuum sensors usually operate at hundreds of microwatts, which limits their application in battery-powered sensor systems. This paper reports a diode-based, low power consumption micro-Pirani vacuum sensor that has high sensitivity. Optimizations to the micro-Pirani vacuum sensor were made regarding two aspects. On the one hand, a greater temperature coefficient was obtained without increasing power consumption by taking advantage of series diodes;on the other hand, the sensor structure and geometries were redesigned to enlarge temperature variation. After that, the sensor was fabricated and tested. Test results indicated that the dynamic vacuum pressure range of the sensor was from 10(-1) to 10(4) Pa when the forward bias current was as low as 10 A with a power consumption of 50 mu W. Average sensitivity was up to 90 mu V/Pa and the sensitivity of unit power consumption increased to 1.8 V/W/Pa. In addition, the sensor could also work at a greater forward bias current for better sensor performance.

关键词： highly sensitive low power consumption diode micro-Pirani vacuum sensor

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A Novel Tool for Microbial Genome Editing Using the Restriction-Modification System

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ACS SYNTHETIC BIOLOGY 2018年第1期7卷 98-106页

作者： Bai, Hua Deng, Aihua Liu, Shuwen Cui, Di Qiu, Qidi Wang, Laiyou Yang, Zhao Wu, Jie Shang, Xiuling Zhang, Yun Wen, Tingyi Chinese Acad Sci Inst Microbiol CAS Key Lab Pathogen Microbiol & Immunol Beijing 100101 Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci Beijing 100049 Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci Savaid Med Sch Beijing 100049 Peoples R China

Scarless genetic manipulation of genomes is an essential tool for biological research. The restriction modification (R-M) system is a defense system in bacteria that protects against invading genomes on the basis of its ability to distinguish foreign DNA from self DNA. Here, we designed an R-M system-mediated genome editing (RMGE) technique for scarless genetic manipulation in different microorganisms. For bacteria with Type IV REase, an RMGE technique using the inducible DNA methyltransferase gene, bceSIIM (RMGE-bceSIIM), as the counter-selection cassette was developed to edit the genome of Escherichia coli. For bacteria without Type IV REase, an RMGE technique based on a restriction endonuclease (RMGE-mcrA) was established in Bacillus subtilis. These techniques were successfully used for gene deletion and replacement with nearly 100% counter-selection efficiencies, which were higher and more stable compared to conventional methods. Furthermore, precise point mutation without limiting sites was achieved in E. coli using RMGE-bceSIIM to introduce a single base mutation of A128C into the rpsL gene. In addition, the RMGE-mcrA technique was applied to delete the CANT gene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae DAY414 with 100% counter-selection efficiency. The effectiveness of the RMGE technique in E. coli, B. subtilis, and S. cerevisiae suggests the potential universal usefulness of this technique for microbial genome manipulation.

关键词： scarless genome editing counter-selection cassette restriction-modification (R-M) system Escherichia coli Bacillus subtilis Saccharomyces cerevisiae

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Unexpected invasion of miniature inverted-repeat transposable elements in viral genomes

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MOBILE DNA 2018年第1期9卷 1-12页

作者： Zhang, Hua-Hao Zhou, Qiu-Zhong Wang, Ping-Lan Xiong, Xiao-Min Luchetti, Andrea Raoult, Didier Levasseur, Anthony Santini, Sebastien Abergel, Chantal Legendre, Matthieu Drezen, Jean-Michel Beliyeau, Catherine Cusson, Michel Jiang, Shen-Hua Bao, Hai-Ou Sun, Cheng Bureau, Thomas E. Cheng, Peng-Fei Han, Min-Jin Zhang, Ze Zhang, Xiao-Gu Dai, Fang-Yin Jiujiang Univ Coll Pharm & Life Sci Jiujiang Peoples R China Southwest Univ State Key Lab Silkworm Genome Biol Key Lab Sericultural Biol & Genet Breeding Minist Agr Chongqing Peoples R China Chongqing Univ Sch Life Sci Chongqing 400044 Peoples R China Jiujiang Univ Clin Med Coll Jiujiang Peoples R China Univ Bologna Dipartimento Sci Biol Geol & Ambientali Bologna Italy Aix Marseille Univ Inst Hosp Univ IHU Mediterranee Infect AP HM URMITEUM63CNRS 7278IRD 198INSERM 1095 19-21 Blvd Jean Moulin F-13385 Marseille France Aix Marseille Univ Ctr Natl Rech Sci Informat Genom & Struct Unite Mixte Rech 7256 Inst Microbiol MediterraneeFR3479 F-13288 Marseille 9 France Univ Francois Rabelais Tours UFR Sci & Tech Inst Rech Biol Insecte CNRS UMR 7261 F-37200 Tours France Nat Resources Canada Canadian Forest Serv Laurentian Forestry Ctr Quebec City PQ Canada Chinese Acad Agr Sci Inst Apicultural Res Beijing Peoples R China McGill Univ Dept Biol Montreal PQ Canada Jiujiang Univ Poyang Lake Ecoecon Res Ctr Jiujiang Peoples R China

Background: Transposable elements (TEs) are common and often present with high copy numbers in cellular genomes. Unlike in cellular organisms, TEs were previously thought to be either rare or absent in viruses. Almost all reported TEs display only one or two copies per viral genome. In addition, the discovery of pandoraviruses with genomes up to 2.5-Mb emphasizes the need for biologists to rethink the fundamental nature of the relationship between viruses and cellular life. Results: Herein, we performed the first comprehensive analysis of miniature inverted-repeat transposable elements (MITEs) in the 5170 viral genomes for which sequences are currently available. Four hundred and fifty one copies of ten miniature inverted-repeat transposable elements (MITEs) were found and each MITE had reached relatively large copy numbers (some up to 90) in viruses. Eight MITEs belonging to two DNA superfamilies (hobo/Activator/Tam3 and Chapaev-Mirage-CACTA) were for the first time identified in viruses, further expanding the organismal range of these two superfamilies. TEs may play important roles in shaping the evolution of pandoravirus genomes, which were here found to be very rich in MITEs. We also show that putative autonomous partners of seven MITEs are present in the genomes of viral hosts, suggesting that viruses may borrow the transpositional machinery of their cellular hosts' autonomous elements to spread MITEs and colonize their own genomes. The presence of seven similar MITEs in viral hosts, suggesting horizontal transfers (HTs) as the major mechanism for MITEs propagation. Conclusions: Our discovery highlights that TEs contribute to shape genome evolution of pandoraviruses. We concluded that as for cellular organisms, TEs are part of the pandoraviruses' diverse mobilome.

关键词： Virus MITEs Autonomous partner Horizontal transfer Genome evolution

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Involvement of ABA and antioxidant system in brassinosteroid-induced water stress tolerance of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.)

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SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE 2019年 256卷

作者： Wang, Yu-Ting Chen, Ze-Ya Jiang, Yue Duan, Bing-Bing Xi, Zhu-Mei Northwest A&F Univ Coll Enol Yangling 712100 Shaanxi Peoples R China Shaanxi Engn Res Ctr Viti Viniculture Yangling 712100 Shaanxi Peoples R China

The objective of this study was to investigate the role of the ascorbate-glutathione (AsA-GSH) cycle and abscisic acid (ABA) in brassinosteroids (BRs)-induced water tolerance in grape seedlings. The grape seedlings were treated with half-strength Hoaglands nutrient solution, polyethylene glycol (PEG-6000) and PEG combination with 24-epibrassinolide (EBR). The results showed that water stress led to typical drought injury symptoms and significantly increased in the contents of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), the production rate of superoxide radicals (O-2(center dot-)) and the decrease in the contents of ascorbic acid, reduced glutathione in grape seedlings. However, application of EBR alleviated the water stress injury symptoms, reduced the H2O2 content and O-2(center dot-) production rate and enhanced the contents of antioxidants and the activities of antioxidases involved in the AsA-GSH cycle. Interestingly, the ABA content, the transcriptional activation of some key genes involved in ABA biosynthesis including VviNCED1, VviNCED2 and VviZEP and ABA signaling-key genes (VviSnRK2.6, VviPP2C4, VviABF1 and VviABF2) were further enhanced with EBR treatment under water stress. Taken together, we speculate that there is a more complex mechanism in the crosstalk of BR and ABA under drought stress in grape seedlings and ABA is involved in brassinosteroids-induced antioxidant defense.

关键词： Grapevine 24-epibrassinolide Antioxidant system ABA signaling

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In Vitro Regeneration of Patient-specific Ear-shaped Cartilage and Its First Clinical Application for Auricular Reconstruction

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EBIOMEDICINE 2018年 28卷 287-302页

作者： Zhou, Guangdong Jiang, Haiyue Yin, Zongqi Liu, Yu Zhang, Qingguo Zhang, Chen Pan, Bo Zhou, Jiayu Zhou, Xu Sun, Hengyun Li, Dan He, Aijuan Zhang, Zhiyong Zhang, Wenjie Liu, Wei Cao, Yilin Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ Sch Med Shanghai Peoples Hosp 9 Shanghai Tissue Engn Res Key Lab 639 Zhi Zao Ju Rd Shanghai 200011 Peoples R China Natl Tissue Engn Ctr China Shanghai Peoples R China Chinese Acad Med Sci Plast Surg Hosp Auricular Ctr Beijing Peoples R China Wei Fang Med Coll Plast Surg Hosp Res Inst Plast Surg Weifang Shandong Peoples R China Dalian Univ Xin Hua Hosp Dept Plast Surg Dalian Liaoning Peoples R China

Microtia is a congenital external ear malformation that can seriously influence the psychological and physiological well-being of affected children. The successful regeneration of human ear-shaped cartilage using a tissue engineering approach in a nude mouse represents a promising approach for auricular reconstruction. However, owing to technical issues in cell source, shape control, mechanical strength, biosafety, and long-term stability of the regenerated cartilage, human tissue engineered ear-shaped cartilage is yet to be applied clinically. Using expanded microtia chondrocytes, compound biodegradable scaffold, and in vitro culture technique, we engineered patient-specific ear-shapedcartilage in vitro. Moreover, the cartilage was used for auricle reconstruction of five microtia patients and achieved satisfactory aesthetical outcomewithmature cartilage formation during 2.5 years follow-up in the first conducted case. Different surgical procedures were also employed to find the optimal approach for handling tissue engineered grafts. In conclusion, the results represent a significant breakthrough in clinical translation of tissue engineered human ear-shaped cartilage given the established in vitro engineering technique and suitable surgical procedure. (c) 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B. V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license.

关键词： Microtia chondrocytes Human ear-shaped cartilage In vitro engineering 3D printing Polycaprolactone (PCL) Clinical trial

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Design and Simulation of Scanner Wrapped by Flexible Microcoil Embedded in Polymer Film for Single-Optical Endoscope Application

Design and Simulation of Scanner Wrapped by Flexible Microco...

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19th Annual Conference and 8th International Conference of Chinese Society of Micro/Nano technology (CSMNT)

作者： Zhao, Mengyuan Yang, Zhuoqing Xiang, Xiaojian Sun, Bin Ding, Guifu Zhao, Xiaolin Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ Natl Key Lab Sci & Technol Micro Nano Fabricat 800 Dongchuan Rd Shanghai 200240 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Shenzhen Inst Adv Technol Inst Biomed & Hlth Engn Shenzhen 518055 Peoples R China

A single optic fiber scanner with large scanning angle, based on novel electromagnetic driven, is presented. The cylinder magnet and weight are fixed on the fiber, and vibrate under its second-order frequency by driving racetrack coils on the tube. The flexible driving coil is fabricated by uncomplicated planar MEMS technology on polyimide film, and wrapped on the tube. The electromagnetic and mechanical properties of the endoscope system are studied. Experimental results show that the maximum of the second resonant scanning angle is 9.47 degrees.

关键词： Polymer films

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Dissolution kinetics of copper from multi-metal copper alloy roasted in oxygen

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Journal of Central South University 2017年第2期24卷 335-340页

作者：卢伟红尹周澜丁治英刘洋 College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Central South University Changsha 410083 China

A kinetic study on the sulfuric acid leaching of multi-metal oxide, which is the product of multi-metal copper alloy with iron trioxide roasted in oxygen, was carried out. The effects of leaching time, stirring speed, sulfuric acid concentration, reaction temperature, and particle size of the multi-metal oxide on the kinetics and mechanism of copper extraction were studied. It was found that the reaction kinetic model about the copper extraction from multi-metal oxide follows the mixed kinetic shrinking core mode： 1/31n（1-X）＋（1-X）-l/3-1=680.5C（H2SO4）0.4297dp0.75115exp（-Ea/RT）t.

关键词： leaching kinetic multi-metal copper alloy roasting

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Static and Dynamic Deformation Analysis and Optimization of a Fine Blanking Press Frame

Static and Dynamic Deformation Analysis and Optimization of ...

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International Conference on Mechanical Design, ICMD 2017

作者： Yi, Guodong Wu, Jundi Li, Ruisen State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems Zhejiang University Hangzhou310027 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789811065521

As precision machining equipment, a fine blanking press is usually operated under heavy loading and impact conditions that can deform the main frame and seriously affect the machining precision and quality. To solve this problem, a method of static and dynamic deformation analysis and optimization for a fine blanking press frame is proposed. In this method, the stress and strain of the frame were analysed under both full load and partial load using a finite element method. The stress concentration area of the side plate was obtained, and the structure was optimized and improved with comparative analysis based on the design scheme and load characteristics until the ultimate stress strain frame structure was reduced to an allowable range. Finally, the analysis and improvement of the frame were verified by modal analysis and fatigue life evaluation, and a machine prototype was trial-produced. © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2018.

关键词： Finite element method

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A MICRO ELECTROMAGNETICALLY-DRIVEN SCANNER BY 2-DOF SECOND-ORDER RESONANCE TO EXTEND SCANNING SCALE FOR ULTRA-ThiN SINGLE-FIBER ENDOSCOPE APPLICATION 31

A MICRO ELECTROMAGNETICALLY-DRIVEN SCANNER BY 2-DOF SECOND-O...

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31st IEEE International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS)

作者： Zhao, Mengyuan Yang, Zhuoqing Sun, Bin Dai, Bo Liu, Hua Yao, Jinyuan Xu, Xiaoxue Ding, Guifu Zhao, Xiaolin Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ Shanghai Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci SIAT Shenzhen Peoples R China Univ Shanghai Sci & Technol Shanghai Peoples R China Shanghai Chest Hosp Shanghai Peoples R China Univ Technol Sydney Sydney NSW Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9781538647820

This paper presents an electromagnetically-driven single-fiber scanner utilizing 2 degree-of-freedom (DOF) second-order resonance to realize a larger field scanning scale in narrow space of the human body. We design a reasonable 2-DOF system structure including fiber, magnet and weight, which can conveniently execute high-order resonance modal to extend the scanning angle in the limited dimensional tube of the ultra-thin endoscope. A low-cost flexible microcoil embedded in polyimide film is also fabricated to drive the fiber-magnet-weight 2-DOF system to vibrate. The magnetic field distributions of the microcoil with different structural parameters are simulated. The test result shows that the scanner with the second-order resonance model successfully realizes 9.47 degrees scanning scale, which is much larger than that (2.98 degrees) obtained at the traditional first-order resonance model. Finally, the scanning locus of fiber tip in the scanner probe has been measured in xoy-plane by standard position sensitive detector (PSD).

关键词： Soft magnetic materials Magnetic fields Electron tubes Optical fibers Endoscopes Magnetic resonance Optical fiber devices

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