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3rd IEEE International NanoElectronics Conference (INEC)/Symposium on Nanoscience and Nanotechnology in china

作者： Zhang, Chuanwei Liu, Shiyuan Shi, Tielin Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol State Key Lab Digital Mfg Equipment & Technol Wuhan 430074 Peoples R China Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol Wuhan Natl Lab Optoelect Wuhan 430074 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781424435432

Model-based infrared reflectrometry (MBIR) has been introduced recently for measuring deep trench structures in microelectronics. The success of this technique relies heavily on accurate modeling and fast calculation of the infrared metrology process, which still remains as one challenge. In this paper, we propose a modeling method named corrected effective medium approximation (CEMA) for accurate and fast reflectivity calculation of three-dimensional (3-D) trench structures. The independence of the CEMA on trench depth, azimuth of incidence and the polarization state has been investigated to demonstrate the validity of the CEMA.

关键词： Microelectronics

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Amminelithium Amidoborane Li(NH₃)NH₂BH₃: A New Coordination Compound with Favorable Dehydrogenation Characteristics

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CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL 2010年第12期16卷 3763-3769页

作者： Xia, Guanglin Yu, Xuebin Guo, Yanhui Wu, Zhu Yang, Chuanzhen Liu, Huangkun Dou, Shixue Fudan Univ Dept Mat Sci Shanghai 200433 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Shanghai Inst Microsyst & Informat Technol Shanghai 200050 Peoples R China Univ Wollongong Inst Superconducting & Elect Mat Wollongong NSW 2522 Australia

The monoammoniate of lithium amidoborane. Li(NH3)NH2BH3, was synthesized by treatment of LiNH2BH3 with ammonia at room temperature. This compound exists in the amorphous state at room temperature, but at -20 degrees C crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pbca with lattice parameters of a=9.711(4), b=8.7027(5), c=7.1999(1) angstrom, and V=608.51 angstrom(3). The thermal decomposition behavior of this compound under argon and under ammonia was investigated. Through a series of experiments we have demonstrated that Li(NH3)NH2BH3 is able to absorb/desorb ammonia reversibly at room temperature. In the temperature range of 40-70 degrees C, this compound showed favorable dehydrogenation characteristics. Specifically, under ammonia this material was able to release 3.0 equiv hydrogen (11.18 wt %) rapidly at 60 degrees C, which represents a significant advantage over LiNH2BH3. It has been found that the formation of the coordination bond between ammonia and Li+ in LiNH2BH3 plays a crucial role in promoting the combination of hydridic B-H bonds and protic N-H bonds, leading to dehydrogenation at low temperature.

关键词： amidoboranes boranes dehydrogenation hydrides hydrogen storage

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Using Sludge Fermentation Liquid To Improve Wastewater Short-Cut Nitrification-Denitrification and Denitrifying Phosphorus Removal via Nitrite

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ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & techNOLOGY 2010年第23期44卷 8957-8963页

作者： Ji, Zhouying Chen, Yinguang Tongji Univ State Key Lab Pollut Control & Resources Reuse Sch Environm Sci & Engn Shanghai 200092 Peoples R China

Wastewater biological nutrient removal (BNR) by short-cut nitrification-denitrification (SCND) and denitrifying phosphorus removal via nitrite (DPRN) has several advantages, such as organic carbon source saving. In this paper, a new method, i.e., by using waste activated sludge alkaline fermentation liquid as BNR carbon source, for simultaneously improving SCND and DPRN was reported. First, the performance of SCND and DPRN with sludge fermentation liquid as carbon source was compared with acetic acid, which was commonly used in literatures. Sludge fermentation liquid showed much higher nitrite accumulation during aerobic nitrification than acetic acid (81.8% versus 40.9%), and the former had significant anoxic denitrification and phosphorus Uptake. The soluble phosphorus and total nitrogen removal efficiencies with sludge fermentation liquid were much higher than with acetic acid (97.6% against 73.4% and 98.7% versus 79.2%). Then the mechanisms for sludge fermentation liquid showed higher SCND and DPRN than acetic acid were investigated from the aspects of wastewater composition, microorganisms assayed by 16S rRNA gene clone library, and fluorescence in situ hybridization. More NO2--N accumulated by the use of sludge fermentation liquid was attributed to be more humic acids in the influent, which inhibited nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) more serious than ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB), and more AOB but less NOB were observed in the BNR system. The reasons for sludge fermentation liquid BNR system exhibiting greater short-cut denitrifying phosphorus removal were that there were less glycogen accumulating organisms and more phosphorus accumulating organisms and anoxic denitrifying phosphorus removal bacteria with higher nitrite reductase activity.

关键词： Sewage purification processes Phosphate removal (Sewage purification) Biological treatment (Sewage purification) Nitrification Denitrification Sewage sludge Fermentation Chemical reactions

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Steam reforming of toluene as model compound of biomass pyrolysis tar for hydrogen

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BIOMASS & BIOENERGY 2010年第1期34卷 140-144页

作者： Zhao, Baofeng Zhang, Xiaodong Chen, Lei Qu, Rongbo Meng, Guangfan Yi, Xiaolu Sun, Li Shandong Acad Sci Energy Res Inst Jinan 250014 Peoples R China Univ Jinan Dept Food Sci & Nutr Jinan 250002 Peoples R China

Steam reforming of tar during biomass pyrolysis for hydrogen will not only avoid frequent equipment shutdown for maintenance and repair but also increase hydrogen yield. In this paper, the effects of temperature and steam/carbon molar ration on steam reforming of toluene as model compound of tar was studied by simulation of thermodynamic equilibrium and experiments using Ni/cordierite catalyst in a fixed bed reactor. The results of thermodynamic simulations indicate that the S/C molar ratio of 2 and the temperature range from 1023 K to 1173 K provide favorable operating conditions for steam reforming of toluene in order to get high hydrogen productivity. These operating parameters were adopted in the experiments using Ni/cordierite catalyst in a fixed bed reactor. H(2) content remains about 66 mol I and slightly varies with the increasing temperature. Conversion efficiency of toluene increases with temperature, reaching 94.1% at 1173 K. The simulation was improved in order to be closer to experimental results. It is found that only a very small amount of toluene did not participate in the reaction. In the aromatic hydrocarbons of reactive system, benzene and naphthalene were the main products and the proportion of naphthalene decreases with increasing temperature while that of benzene increases. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Tar Toluene Steam reforming Simulation Hydrogen Biomass pyrolysis

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A PDOC Method for Topology Optimization Design

A PDOC Method for Topology Optimization Design

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6th International Conference on Intelligent Computing

作者： Zhao, Longbiao Chen, Zhimin Qiu, Haobo Gao, Liang Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol State Key Lab Digital Mfg Equipment & Technol Wuhan 430074 Peoples R China China Ship Dev & Design Ctr Wuhan Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9783642149214

Based on optimality criterion method proportional and differential optimality criterion (PDOC) method is proposed and applied in topology optimization design Since the phenomenon of low efficiency and overshoot caused by the uncertain deviation this method introduces the proportional and differential control to improve the iteration operator and constructs more reasonable iteration formula to accelerate the convergence A new algorithm is utilized to calculate the density distribution of new m aerial so the trend of deviation can be predicted and corrected in advance Finally experiment results indicate that PDOC method is feasible and efficient

关键词： topology optimization optimality criteria method iteration operator proportional and diffeiential control

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Alkyl-functionalized graphene nanosheets with improved lipophilicity

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CARBON 2010年第5期48卷 1683-1685页

作者： Cao, Yewen Feng, Jiachun Wu, Peiyi Fudan Univ Dept Macromol Sci Minist Educ Key Lab Mol Engn Polymers Shanghai 200433 Peoples R China Fudan Univ Adv Mat Lab Shanghai 200433 Peoples R China

Graphene nanosheets grafted with long alkyl chains were produced by simply using an amidation reaction Compared with unmodified counterparts, the alkyl-functionalized graphene nanosheets show largely enhanced lipophilicity, as illustrated by their remarkably improved dispersion in the nonpolar solvents and polypropylene matrix The polypropylene/alkylated nanosheets composites exhibit largely improved thermal stability, which suggests that this lipophilization method is a potential technique for developing high-performance composites (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved

关键词： GRAPHENE NANOSTRUCTURED materials DISPERSION POLYPROPYLENE ALKYLATION COMPOSITE materials THERMOPHYSICAL properties SOLVENTS

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Kinematic analysis and dexterity evaluation of upper extremity in activities of daily living

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GAIT & POSTURE 2010年第4期32卷 475-481页

作者： Chen, Wenbin Xiong, Caihua Huang, Xiaolin Sun, Ronglei Xiong, Youlun Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol Inst Rehabil & Med Robot State Key Lab Digital Mfg Equipment & Technol Wuhan 430074 Peoples R China Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol Tongji Med Coll Tongji Hosp Dept Rehabil Med Wuhan 430030 Peoples R China

The redundant kinematic structure of upper extremity (UE) provides it with increased dexterity in activities of daily living (ADL) Most functional tasks during ADL can be implemented in various positions however only some routine trajectories are employed in healthy humans Exploring motion ability and analyzing dexterity are clinically helpful in understanding the motion principles of the UE during ADL The aim of this work was to develop a qualitative and quantitative evaluation method for unconstrained movement analysis of the UE Ten healthy male volunteers with no UE pathology were tested based on a kinematic model proposed in this paper which follows the ISB recommendations The dexterity measure (DM) and manipulability ellipsoid (ME) were used to evaluate the dexterity distribution and motion ability in space Representative dexterity trajectories and corresponding ellipsoids were determined for the ADL tasks The results of the study showed that there was a most dexterous posture for each functional task The UE movement followed an approximately optimal kinematic performance trajectory when the hand moved in front of the thorax during ADL Crown Copyright (C) 2010 Published by Elsevier B V All rights reserved

关键词： Upper extremity Motion ability ADL Dexterity measure Manipulability ellipsoid

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An Electrocatalyst for Methanol Oxidation in DMFC: PtBi/XC-72 with Pt Solid-Solution Structure

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JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY 2010年第4期157卷 B580-B584页

作者： Li, Xiang Chen, Ge Xie, Jia Zhang, Lijuan Xia, Dingguo Wu, Ziyu Beijing Univ Technol Coll Environm & Energy Engn Beijing 100022 Peoples R China Univ Sci & Technol China Natl Synchrotron Radiat Lab Hefei 230026 Peoples R China

The electrocatalyst PtBi with a Pt solid-solution phase has been synthesized using sodium hypophosphite as a reducing agent. The results of X-ray diffraction and X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy showed that in the presence of P, the Pt-Bi system forms an alloy with a Pt face-centered cubic solid-solution phase structure. Electrochemical test results revealed that PtBi/XC-72 exhibited a good electrocatalytic activity in the oxidation of methanol.

关键词： bismuth alloys catalysts direct methanol fuel cells organic compounds oxidation platinum alloys solid solutions XANES X-ray diffraction

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Electrochemical properties of Mg-based hydrogen storage materials modified with carbonaceous materials prepared by hydriding combustion synthesis and subsequent mechanical milling (HCS plus MM)

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY 2010年第18期35卷 9653-9660页

作者： Zhu, Yunfeng Zhang, Wenfeng Yang, Chen Li, Liquan Nanjing Univ Technol Coll Mat Sci & Engn Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu Peoples R China

Mg2Ni-based hydride was prepared by hydriding combustion synthesis (HCS), and subsequently modified with various carbonaceous materials including graphite, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), carbon aerogels (CAs) and carbon nanofibers (CNFs) by mechanical milling (MM) for 5 h. The structural properties of the modified hydrides were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). All of the modified hydrides show amorphous or nanocrystalline-like phases. The hydride modified with graphite exhibits the most homogenous distribution of particles and the smallest particle size. The effects of the modifications on electrochemical properties of the hydride were investigated by galvanostatic charge/discharge, linear polarization, Tafel polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and potentiostatic discharge measurements. The results show that the maximum discharge capacity, the high rate dischargeability (HRD), the exchange current density and the hydrogen diffusion ability of the hydride modified with the carbonaceous materials are all increased. Especially, the hydride modified with graphite possesses the highest discharge capacity of 531 mAh/g and the best electrochemical kinetics property. (C) 2010 Professor T. Nejat Veziroglu. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Mg-based hydrogen storage materials Hydriding combustion synthesis Electrochemical properties Mechanical milling Carbonaceous materials

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Modified Sequential Kriging Optimization for Multidisciplinary Complex Product Simulation

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2010年第5期23卷 616-622页

作者：王皓王少萍 Mileta M.Tomovic 北京航空航天大学自动化学院美国Old Dominion大学机械技术学院

Directing to the high cost of computer simulation optimization problem, Kriging surrogate model is widely used to decrease the computation time. Since the sequential Kriging optimization is time consuming, this article extends the expected improvement and put forwards a modified sequential Kriging optimization （MSKO）. This method changes the twice optimization problem into once by adding more than one point at the same time. Before re-fitting the Kriging model, the new sample points are verified to ensure that they do not overlap the previous one and the distance between two sample points is not too small. This article presents the double stopping criterion to keep the root mean square error （RMSE） of the final surrogate model at an acceptable level. The example shows that MSKO can approach the global optimization quickly and accurately. MSKO can ensure global optimization no matter where the initial point is. Application of active suspension indicates that the proposed method is effective.

关键词： surrogate model Kriging expected improvement collaborative simulation optimization

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