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1d CNN and BiSrU Based Intrusion detection Method for Industrial Control Systems

JOUrNAL OF INFOrMATION SCIENCE ANd ENGINEErING 2024年第1期40卷 107-123页

作者： Cai, Zeng-Yu du, Hong-Yu Wang, Hao-Qi Hang, Jian-Weiz Zhu, Liang Zhengzhou Univ Light Ind Sch Comp & Commun Engn Zhengzhou 450001 Peoples R China Zhengzhou Univ Light Ind Coll Mech & Elect Engn Zhengzhou 450001 Peoples R China Zhengzhou Univ Light Ind Coll Software Engn Zhengzhou 450001 Peoples R China

With the integration of industrial control systems (ICSs) and modern IT networks, the security of ICSs has been threatened while increasing their efficiency. Existing intrusion detection methods based on machine learning, such as Support Vector Machine (SVM), decision Tree, etc., usually rely on manually designed methods for feature learning and have low accuracy for intrusion detection of high-dimensional network traffic of ICSs. Although the detection accuracy of Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Gated recurrent Units (GrU) based methods is significantly improved compared to Simple recurrent Neural Network (SimplerNN), there is the problem of long training time consumption. To solve the above problem, this study proposed an intrusion detection method for ICSs based on 1d Convolution Neural Networks (1d CNN) and Bidirectional Simple recurrent Unit (BiSrU), fully learning the correlation and dependency of network traffic data of ICSs in spatial and temporal dimensions. With skip connections employed, the optimized bidirectional structure of the Simple recurrent Unit (SrU) neural network can further alleviate the problem of gradient vanishing and improve the training effect. Mississippi State University's Gas Pipeline dataset was used to train and test the model. Experiments show that the proposed method is significantly better than other existing methods in terms of accuracy and training time.

关键词： intrusion detection control system deep learning 1d convolution neural net- works bidirectional simple recurrent unit

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Optical study of magnetic topological insulator MnBi_(4)Te_7

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第1期33卷 231-235页

作者：廖知裕沈冰邱祥冈许兵 Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies School of PhysicsSun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan 523808China

We present an infrared spectroscopy study of the magnetic topological insulator MnBi_(4)Te_7 with antiferromagnetic(AFM) order below the Neel temperature TN= 13 K. Our investigation reveals that the low-frequency optical conductivity consists of two drude peaks, indicating a response of free carriers involving multiple bands. Interestingly, the narrow drude peak grows strongly as the temperature decreases, while the broad drude peak remains relatively unchanged. The onset of interband transitions starts around 2000 cm^(-1), followed by two prominent absorption peaks around 10000 cm^(-1) and 20000 cm^(-1). Upon cooling, there is a notable transfer of spectral weight from the interband transitions to the drude response. Below TN, the AFM transition gives rise to small anomalies of the charge response due to a band *** findings provide valuable insights into the interplay between magnetism and the electronic properties in MnBi_(4)Te_7.

关键词： infrared spectroscopy magnetic topological insulator drude model band reconstruction

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Toward TMA-Based Transmissive rIS Transceiver Enabled downlink Communication Networks: A Consensus-AdMM Approach

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IEEE TrANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS 2025年第4期73卷 2832-2846页

作者： Li, Zhendong Chen, Wen Qin, Haoran Wu, Qingqing Zhu, Xusheng Zhang, Ziheng Li, Jun Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ Dept Elect Engn Shanghai 200240 Peoples R China Xi An Jiao Tong Univ Sch Informat & Commun Engn Xian 710049 Peoples R China Southeast Univ Sch Informat Sci & Engn Nanjing 210096 Peoples R China

This paper presents a novel multi-stream downlink communication system that utilizes a transmissive reconfigurable intelligent surface (rIS) transceiver. Specifically, we elaborate the downlink communication scheme using time-modulated array (TMA) technology, which enables high order modulation and multi-stream beamforming. Then, an optimization problem is formulated to maximize the minimum signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINr) with user fairness, which takes into account the constraint of the maximum available power for each transmissive element. due to the non-convex nature of the formulated problem, finding optimal solution is challenging. To mitigate the complexity, we propose a linear-complexity beamforming algorithm based on consensus alternating direction method of multipliers (AdMM). Specifically, by introducing a set of auxiliary variables, the problem can be decomposed into multiple sub-problems that are amenable to parallel computation, where the each sub-problem can yield closed-form expressions, bringing a significant reduction in the computational complexity. The overall problem achieves convergence by iteratively addressing these sub-problems in an alternating manner. Finally, the convergence of the proposed algorithm and the impact of various parameter configurations on the system performance are validated through numerical simulations.

关键词： Transceivers downlink Array signal processing Convergence Costs Streams Antenna feeds 6G mobile communication Transmitting antennas Signal processing algorithms Transmissive reconfigurable intelligent surface (rIS) transceiver time-modulated array (TMA) linear-complexity beamforming consensus alternating direction method of multipliers (AdMM)

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Caveolae Modulate the Activity of LrrC8-Mediated VrAC by the Structural Membrane Protein Caveolin-1

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CELL BIOLOGY INTErnational 2025年第5期49卷 484-493页

作者： Liu, Yan Li, Xing Huo, Cong Hou, Liming Jia, Xin Xu, rong Yang, Jie Wang, Xiaoming Fourth Mil Med Univ Xijing Hosp Dept Geriatr Xian Peoples R China

The volume-regulated anion channel (VrAC) plays a critical role in cell volume regulation and other fundamental physiological processes. However, the mechanism of how VrAC is activated and modulated has not been completely clarified. Caveolin-1 (Cav-1), as an important ion channel binding protein, forms complexes with channel proteins and exchangers to regulate channel activity and function. The purpose of this study was to explore the importance and value of Cav-1 in cardiac VrAC activation and regulation. In the study, we proved that the membrane protein LrrC8A was detected in the same caveolae-enriched fractions, as the same as Caveolin-1 in ventricular myocytes. The intracellular Cl- concentration increased and the cell volume decreased dramatically after caveolae being destroyed in cardiomyocytes. Moreover, we found that ICl,vol decreased not only in LrrC8A silencing cardiomyocytes but also in Cav-1 silencing cardiomyocytes, which indicated that caveolin-1 may affect the function of VrAC. Then we further explore the physical relationship between LrrC8A and Cav-1 in cell membrane. We observed that the fluorescence label of LrrC8A was overlapping with Cav-1 in the cell plasma membrane and caveolin-1 co-immunoprecipitated with LrrC8A, which demonstrated that Cav-1 is the basis of VrAC channel activation by acting on LrrC8A. The whole study provides further evidence of the relevance of Cav-1 on the activation and modulation of endothelial LrrC8A-mediated VrAC.

关键词： cardiomyocyte caveolae LrrC8A VrAC

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Lithium Batteries Operating at Wide Temperatures: Opportunities and Challenges

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AdVANCEd FUNCTIONAL MATErIALS 2025年第13期35卷

作者： Chen, Qian Yang, Zhilin Zhai, Pengbo Luo, Wenlei Gong, Yongji Tianmushan Lab Hangzhou 311115 Peoples R China Unit 63963 PLA Beijing 100072 Peoples R China Acad Mil Sci Natl Innovat Inst Def Technol Beijing 100071 Peoples R China Beihang Univ Sch Mat Sci & Engn Beijing 100191 Peoples R China

The development of rechargeable lithium batteries (rLBs) has made a great contribution in solving the problems in the current era, such as energy shortage and climate change. With the expanding of application field of rLBs from portable device to large-scale electric equipment, it is an urgent demand for rLBs to operate in a wide range of temperature. More and more attention has been paid to the design of wide-temperature rLBs. Therefore, a timely and critical overview of the latest development in the field of rLBs operating at wide temperatures is needed. In this review, an in-depth understanding on how the temperature affects the thermodynamics of lithium-ion transport at electrodes, electrolytes, and electrode/electrolyte interfaces is emphasized. recent progress in probing the temperature effects on electrochemical performance fading is comprehensively discussed. different strategies to widen the working temperature of rLBs, including regulating the electrode degradation, interface evolution, and electrolyte solvation chemistry are also reviewed. Finally, an outlook of potential future research directions is also proposed, which sheds light on the design of novel electrodes and electrolytes for next-generation rLBs operating at wide temperatures.

关键词： charge transfer kinetics electrolyte solvation chemistry interface reaction thermodynamics rechargeable lithium batteries temperature effect

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Analytical solutions of turbulent boundary layer beneath forward-leaning waves

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第4期45卷 695-710页

作者： Yiqin XIE Jifu ZHOU Xu WANG Jinlong dUAN Yongjun LU Shouqian LI Laboratory for Mechanics in Fluid Solid Coupling Systems Institute of MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower ResearchBeijing 100038China School of Engineering Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering Nanjing Hydraulic Research InstituteNanjing 210024China

As a typical nonlinear wave,forward-leaning waves can be frequently encountered in the near-shore areas,which can impact coastal sediment transport ***,it is of significance to describe the characteristics of the boundary layer beneath forward-leaning waves accurately,especially for the turbulent boundary *** this work,the linearized turbulent boundary layer model with a linear turbulent viscosity coefficient is applied,and the novel expression of the near-bed orbital velocity that has been worked out by the authors for forward-leaning waves of arbitrary forward-leaning degrees is further used to specify the free stream boundary condition of the bottom boundary ***,a variable transformation is found so as to make the equation of the turbulent boundary layer model be solved analytically through a modified Bessel ***,an explicit analytical solution of the turbulent boundary layer beneath forward-leaning waves is derived by means of variable separation and variable *** analytical solutions of the velocity profile and bottom shear stress of the turbulent boundary layer beneath forward-leaning waves are verified by comparing the present analytical results with typical experimental data available in the previous literature.

关键词： forward-leaning wave turbulent boundary layer velocity profile bottom shear stress

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Self-assembling chemically modified sirNA nanorings for rNAi therapy and neuroprotection in Alzheimer's disease

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第6期68卷 2552-2564页

作者： Yifan Jiang Lisha Li Xiao Fang Tao Zeng Lichao Su Yichang Liu Ying Wu Jinyu Li Peng Lyu Zhonglei Lu Chunhua Lu Huanghao Yang New Cornerstone Science Laboratory Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and BiologyCollege of Chemistry Fuzhou University Fujian Key Laboratory of Medical Analysis Fujian Academy of Medical Sciences Department of Neurosurgery Fujian Institute of Brain Disorders and Brain Science Fujian Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases First Affiliated Hospital Fujian Medical University National & Local Joint Biomedical Engineering Research Center on Photodynamic Technologies College of Chemistry Fuzhou University College of Biological Science and Technology Fuzhou University School of Medicine Fuzhou University

The development of rNA interference(rNAi) therapy offers a potential solution for Alzheimer's disease(Ad). However, the brain-blood barrier(BBB) with its selective permeability and pharmacokinetic-related challenges poses restrictions on the delivery of small interfering rNA(si rNA) to the central nervous system(CNS). In this study, we demonstrate that the incorporation of 2'-fluoro(2'-F) substitutions and L-carnitine modification facilitates the self-assembly of si rNA through triple interaction, leading to the formation of nanorings, called LCSF-Nr. Based on the enhanced cellular uptake and lysosomal escape by 2'-F substitution and the transport across the BBB promoted by L-carnitine, the nanorings realized the improved braintargeted delivery of si rNA, both in zebrafish and mice models. Moreover, our findings highlight the therapeutic potential of LCSF-Nr formulation in an Ad zebrafish model through a synergistic effect of downregulating the β-site APP cleavage enzyme1(BACE1) gene and L-carnitine-mediated neuroprotection, effectively inhibiting pathological processes. Overall, these results suggest that the chemical modification-based si rNA self-assembly strategy enables trans-BBB delivery and presents a concise approach for synergistic therapy of Ad.

关键词： sirNA chemical modification self-assembly blood-brain barrier Alzheimer’s disease

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Investigation of Ce/BEA as a passive NO_(x)adsorber:*** aging deactivation mechanism

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Journal of rare Earths 2024年第8期42卷 1524-1530,I0004页

作者： Yiying ding Minghui Yu Xiaojie Yu Meiqing Shen Jianqiang Wang Jun Wang Gurong Shen School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin UniversityTianjin300350China School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin300350China National Rare Earth Catalysis Research Institute Dongying257000China

Ce/BEA has the potential to be applied as a novel passive NO_(x)absorber(PNA)in the after-treatment of vehicles due to its considerable NO_(x)storage ***,as a vehicle exhaust after-treatment material,it must withstand the test of long-term hydrothermal *** work examined the deactivation mechanism of Ce/BEA during hydrothermal aging.3.0 wt%Ce/BEA was prepared using the ionexchange method,and then subjected to hydrothermal treatment at 650℃with 10%H_(2)O for 1-12 h to obtain samples with different aging *** comparison,the H-BEA support was aged under the same ***-Emmett-Teller(BET)method,X-ray diffraction(Xrd),NH_(3)temperature programmed reduction(NH_(3)-TPd),^(27)Al MAS nuclear magnetic resonance(^(27)Al MAS NMr),H_(2)temperature programmed reduction(H_(2)-TPr),and high resolution-transmission electron microscopy(Hr-TEM)were performed to characterize the changes in PNA performance,structure,Ce species,and *** Hr-TEM and H_(2)-TPr results show that CeO_(x)particles appear after hydrothermal aging,which results from the detachment and aggregation of active Ce *** on the^(27)Al MAS NMr results,we conclude that BEA zeolite dealumination leads to the loss of acidic sites and the transformation of active Ce species on the acidic sites into the less active CeO_(x).This is the primary reason for the hydrothermal aging deactivation of Ce/BEA.

关键词： Passive NO_(x)adsorber Ce/BEA Hydrothermal aging CeO_(x) dealumination rare earths

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Steady-state Voltage Security-constrained Optimal Frequency Control for Weak HVdC Sending-end AC Power Systems

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第2期12卷 658-669页

作者： Qiangqiang Wang Liangzhong Yao Jian Xu Yuping Zheng Wei Li Wei Wang School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China Hubei Engineering and Technology Research Center for AC/DC Intelligent Distribution Network(Wuhan University) Wuhan 430072China State Key Laboratory of Smart Grid Protection and Control NARI Group Corporation(State Grid Electric Power Research Institute)Nanjing 211106China

due to the fact that a high share of renewable energy sources(rESs)are connected to high-voltage direct current(HVdC)sending-end AC power systems,the voltage and frequency regulation capabilities of HVdC sending-end AC power systems have *** has resulted in potential system operating problems such as overvoltage and overfrequency,which occur simultaneously when block faults exist in the HVdC *** this study,a steady-state voltage security-constrained optimal frequency control method for weak HVdC sending-end AC power systems is *** integrated virtual inertia control of rESs is employed for system frequency *** dynamic reactive power compensation devices are utilized to control the voltage of all nodes meet voltage security ***,an optimization model that simultaneously considers the frequency and steady-state voltage security constraints for weak HVdC sending-end AC power systems is *** optimal control scheme with the minimum total cost of generation tripping and additional dynamic reactive power compensation required is obtained through the optimization *** are conducted on a modified IEEE 9-bus test system and practical Qing-Yu line commutated converter based HVdC(LCC-HVdC)sending-end AC power system to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.

关键词： renewable energy source(rES) high-voltage direct current(HVdC) AC power system optimal frequency control steady-state voltage security dynamic reactive power compensation

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Effects of nano-metakaolin on the enhanced properties and microstructure development of natural hydraulic lime

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第4期36卷 516-521页

作者： Zirui Zhu Peng Liu Jinhua Wang Hongbin Zhang Wei Luo Institute for Preservation and Conservation of Chinese Ancient Books Fudan University LibraryFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Department of cultural heritage and museology Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials College of Materials Science and EngineeringInstitute of Functional MaterialsDonghua UniversityShanghai 201620China

Natural hydraulic lime(NHL) has garnered increasing attention for its sustainable and suitable performance in the field of historical building restoration. However, the prolonged hardening time and sluggish hydration rate of NHL infiuence the workability, strength development, and durability of construction structures in which it is used. In this study, nano-metakaolin(NMK) was applied as a highly reactive supplementary cementitious material(SCM) for NHL-based mortars to enhance their properties with various ratios. Meanwhile, the effects of NMK and its related enhancement mechanism on the physical properties and chemical structures of NHL composites were systematically investigated, mainly involving the modifications in their microstructure, chemical composition, and C-S-H structure. results demonstrated that NMK-modified samples showed distinct and superior properties to pure NHL sample, such as shorter initial/final setting times(15.1%–49.1%, 27.1%–50.0%), and higher compactness(67.8%–81.4%, 38.1%–44.8%),lower shrinkage(25.0%–56.3%, 12.5%–25.0%), enhanced compressive strength(404.5%–546.0%, 180.8%–354.1%) and fiexural strength(227.5%–351.1%, 59.9%–125.7%) for both early and late curing times(7 and28 days). The inclusion of NMK not only acts as a fine filler, but also promotes NHL's hydrate rate by its super high pozzolanic activity, thus optimizing the pore structures and increasing the content and the average silicate chain length of hydration gel in NHL. Overall, this study can contribute to a deeper understanding of the enhancement mechanism of NMK on the physical properties and chemical structures of NHL from a meso/microscopic perspective, with a view to broadening NHL's potential applications.

关键词： Natural hydraulic lime Nano-metakaolin Pozzolanic reaction Properties Microstructures

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