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A review of in-situ high-temperature characterizations for understanding the processes in metallurgical engineering

International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第11期31卷 2327-2344页

作者： Yifan Zhao Zhiyuan Li Shijie Li Weili Song Shuqiang Jiao Institute of Advanced Structure Technology Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

For the rational manipulation of the production quality of high-temperature metallurgical engineering,there are many challenges in understanding the processes involved because of the black box chemical/electrochemical *** overcome this issue,various in-situ characterization methods have been recently developed to analyze the interactions between the composition,microstructure,and solid-liquid interface of high-temperature electrochemical electrodes and molten *** this review,recent progress of in-situ hightemperature characterization techniques is discussed to summarize the advances in understanding the processes in metallurgical ***-situ high-temperature technologies and analytical methods mainly include synchrotron X-ray diffraction(s-Xrd),laser scanning confocal microscopy,and X-ray computed microtomography(X-rayμ-CT),which are important platforms for analyzing the structure and morphology of the electrodes to reveal the complexity and variability of their *** addition,laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy,high-temperature raman spectroscopy,and ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy provide microscale characterizations of the composition and structure of molten *** importantly,the combination of X-rayμ-CT and s-Xrd techniques enables the investigation of the chemical reaction mechanisms at the two-phase ***,these in-situ methods are essential for analyzing the chemical/electrochemical kinetics of high-temperature reaction processes and establishing the theoretical principles for the efficient and stable operation of chemical/electrochemical metallurgical processes.

关键词： in-situ characterization methods high-temperature electrochemistry electrodes molten salts interfacial reaction

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Metal/covalent organic frameworks for aqueous rechargeable zinc-ion batteries

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第1期67卷 247-259页

作者： Hu Hong Xun Guo Jiaxiong Zhu Zhuoxi Wu Qing Li Chunyi Zhi Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China

Lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)have become one of the most successful energy storage systems due to their high operating voltage,high energy density,and long cycle ***,with the widespread use of LIBs in recent decades,lithium resources are at risk of being ***,it is necessary to find a substitute for LIBs to meet the needs of future large-scale energy storage *** of their competitiveness,low cost,and high safety,aqueous rechargeable zinc-ion batteries(ArZIBs)are regarded as promising components in the post-lithium-ion-battery *** the tunable composition,ordered porous channels,and controllable structure of metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)and covalent organic frameworks(COFs),these frameworks are viewed as potential materials for developing high-performance *** this review,we focus on the recent developments in the applications of MOF-/COF-based materials in ArZIBs,including in electrode materials,anode modifications,separators,and solid *** then focus on the critical factors and optimization techniques of MOF-/COF-based materials that affect the performance of ***,we conclude with some projections for the expansion of ArZIBs containing MOF-/COF-based materials.

关键词： metal/covalent organic frameworks aqueous zinc-ion batteries electrode materials anode modifications separators electrolytes

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Multi-objective optimization of a GPAF-BM for heat dissipation and crashworthiness based on an NHSMF approximate model

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STrUCTUrAL ANd MULTIdISCIPLINArY OPTIMIZATION 2024年第12期67卷 1-21页

作者： Wang, Peizhuo Qin, dongchen Wang, Tingting Yang, Junjie Chen, Jiangyi Zhengzhou Univ Sch Mech & Power Engn Zhengzhou 450001 Peoples R China

Heat dissipation and collision safety are key factors affecting the safety of power battery systems. However, existing research on battery system safety only focuses on one aspect, with limited studies simultaneously addressing heat dissipation and collision safety. Therefore, this paper presents a gradient porosity aluminum foam battery module (GPAF-BM) with high heat dissipation efficiency and excellent crashworthiness by utilizing the enhanced heat transfer capability and good energy absorption characteristics of gradient open-cell aluminum foam (OCAF). To further improve its comprehensive performance, the heat dissipation efficiency and crashworthiness of the GPAF-BM are strictly optimized with multiple objectives. Additionally, to improve the efficiency of approximate model modeling, a new hybrid scaling multi-fidelity (NHSMF) approximate model construction method is proposed, which effectively improves the prediction accuracy of the model with a small sample size. Finally, the third-generation nondominant sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-III) and normal boundary intersection (NBI) method are employed to ascertain the optimal solution. Compared to the original design, the optimized maximum intrusion displacement of the battery (dmax) is 22.29% lower and the maximum battery temperature (Tmax) is reduced by 0.49 degrees C, the pressure drop of the (delta P) decreased from the original design of 129.71 Pa to 115.53 Pa, a decrease of 10.93%. These improvements effectively enhance both the heat dissipation efficiency and crashworthiness of GPAF-BM.

关键词： Lithium-ion batteries Open-cell aluminum foam Heat dissipation Crashworthiness Multi-objective optimization

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Ultrafast Lithium-Ion Transport Engineered by Nanoconfinement Effect

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AdVANCEd MATErIALS 2025年第8期37卷 e2416266页

作者： Yang, Yahan Li, Zefeng Yang, Zhilin Zhang, Qiannan Chen, Qian Jiao, Yuying Wang, Zixuan Zhang, Xiaokun Zhai, Pengbo Sun, Zhimei Xiang, Yong Gong, Yongji Beihang Univ Sch Mat Sci & Engn Beijing 100191 Peoples R China Tianmushan Lab Hangzhou 311115 Peoples R China Beihang Univ Anal & Testing Ctr Beijing 102206 Peoples R China Unit 63963 PLA Beijing 100072 Peoples R China Univ Elect Sci & Technol China Sch Mat & Energy Chengdu 610054 Peoples R China Beihang Univ Ctr Micronano Innovat Beijing 100029 Peoples R China

Amid the burgeoning demand for electrochemical energy storage and neuromorphic computing, fast ion transport behavior has attracted widespread attention at both fundamental and practical levels. Here, based on the nanoconfined channel of graphene oxide laminar membranes (GOLMs), the lithium ionic conductivity typically exceeding 102 mS cm-1 is realized, one to three orders of magnitude higher than traditional liquid or solid lithium-ion electrolyte. Specifically, the nanoconfined lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6)-ethylene carbonate (EC)/ dimethyl carbonate (dMC) electrolyte demonstrates the ionic conductivity of 170 mS cm-1, outperforming the bulk counterpart by approximate to 16 fold. At the ultralow temperature of -60 degrees C, the nanoconfined electrolyte also maintains a practically useful conductivity of 11 mS cm-1. Furthermore, the in situ experimental and theoretical framework enables to attribute the enhanced ionic conductivity to the layer-by-layer cations and anions distribution induced by high surface charge and nanoconfinement effects in GO nanochannels. More importantly, integrating such rapid lithium-ion transport nanochannel into the LiFePO4 (LFP) cathode significantly improves the high-rate and long-cycle performance of lithium batteries. These results exhibit the convention-breaking ionic conductivity of nanoconfined electrolytes, inspiring the development of ultrafast ion diffusion pathways based on 2d nanoconfined channels for efficient energy storage applications.

关键词： 2d nanochannel ion transport nanoconfinement effect ultrahigh ionic conductivity

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Optimization of motion strategy for a micro multi-functional chassis based on rBF neural network in intercropping mode

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COMPUTErS ANd ELECTrONICS IN AGrICULTUrE 2025年 235卷

作者： Ling, Hao Wu, Tengfei Wu, Yonghui Liu, Zheng Zhang, Lihua Lv, Xiaorong Sichuan Agr Univ Sch Machinery & Elect Yaan 625014 Peoples R China

The hilly and mountainous regions of China are characterized by unique features such as small plots of land, steep slopes, fragmented fields, and high soil viscosity, which result in a decline in the efficiency of conventional agricultural machinery, or even render its use impractical. To address this issue, this study developed a micro universal chassis adapted to hilly terrains. First, a four-wheel-drive multifunctional electric micro chassis was designed, considering the terrain characteristics of hilly regions and the agronomic requirements of maizesoybean strip intercropping. Second, the kinematics of the chassis were modeled and analyzed to determine optimal posture control strategies, and a fuzzy rBF neural network-based PId control algorithm was designed to enable dynamic adjustment of the chassis. Then, extensive testing was conducted on the prototype chassis, including straight-line driving tests, steering tests, climbing tests, and passability tests, which demonstrated its excellent operational performance. The straight-line driving tests showed an average lateral deviation of 30 mm and a maximum deviation of 60 mm, while the in-situ steering tests recorded a deviation of 20 mm. Finally, the prototype was applied to field weeding operations, where results indicated that its performance, including travel speed, weeding efficiency, and seedling damage rate, significantly outperformed existing traditional models. The findings suggest that the designed multifunctional micro universal chassis is highly effective for use in hilly and mountainous regions, with superior performance particularly under intercropping systems.

关键词： Hilly and mountainous regions Maize-soybean strip intercropping Micro universal chassis rBF neural network Operational control strategies

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Molecular transformation of heavy oil during slurry phase hydrocracking process:Influences of operational conditions

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Petroleum Science 2025年第2期22卷 884-893页

作者： Jing-Man Lu Yuan-Feng Wang Zhi-Yuan Zhou Jian-Xun Wu Ya-He Zhang Lin-Zhou Zhang Quan Shi Sheng-Bao He Chun-Ming Xu State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing Petroleum Molecular Engineering Center(PMEC)China University of PetroleumBeijing102249PR China Petrochemical Research Institute PetroChinaBeijing102200PR China CNPC Petrochemical Research Institute and China University of Petroleum Joint Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular Refining Beijing102200PR China

The influences of reaction temperature,duration,pressure,and catalyst concentration on the molecular transformation of residual slurry phase hydrocracking process were *** molecular composition of the heteroatom compounds in the residue feedstock and its upgrading products were characterized using high-resolution Orbitrap mass spectrometry coupled with multiple ionization *** simultaneous promotion of cracking and hydrogenation reactions was observed with increasing of the reaction temperature and ***,there was a significant increase in the cracking degree of alkyl side chain,while the removal of low-condensation sulfur compounds such as sulfides and benzothiophenes was *** particular,the cracking reactions were more significantly facilitated by high temperatures,while an appropriately extended reaction time can result in the complete elimination of the aforementioned sulfur compounds with a lower degree of *** conditions of low hydrogen pressure and catalyst concentration,the products still exhibit a high relative abundance of easily convertible compounds such as sulfoxides,indicating a significant deficiency in the effectiveness of *** hydrogen pressure exhibits an optimal value,beyond which further increments have no effect on the composition and performance of the liquid product but can increase the yield of the liquid *** significantly high catalyst concentration,the effect of desulfurization and deoxidation slightly diminishes,while the aromatic saturation of highly condensed compounds was notably *** hydrogenation saturation effect cannot be attained through manipulation of other operational parameters,thereby potentially benefiting subsequent product processing and *** present study demonstrates a profound comprehension of the molecular-level residue slurry phase hydrocracking process,offering not only specific guide for process design and optimization but a

关键词： Slurry phase hydrocracking Operating condition Orbitrap MS Molecular composition

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A novel power-combination method using a time-reversal pulse-compression technique

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Chinese Physics B 2023年第8期32卷 283-288页

作者：陆希成田锦张荣威汪海波邱扬 College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Xidian UniversityXi'an 710071China School of Information and Communications Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology Xi'an 710024China

The electromagnetic time-reversal(Tr)technique has the characteristics of spatiotemporal focusing in a time-reversal cavity(TrC),which can be used for pulse compression,thus forming an electromagnetic pulse with high peak power.A time-reversed pulse-compression method in a single channel has high pulse compression ***,single channel pulse compression can only generate limited *** paper proposes a novel Tr power-combination method in a multichannel TrC to obtain higher peak power based on Tr pulse-compression ***,the Tr power-combination model is given,and the crosstalk properties of the associated channel and the influence of the reversal performance are ***,the power-combination performances for the Tr pulse compression,such as combined signal to noise ratio(SNr)and combined compression gain,are analyzed by numerical simulation and experimental *** results show that the proposed method has obvious advantages over pulse-compression methods using a single channel cavity,and is more convenient for power combination.

关键词： time reversal time-reversal cavity power combination pulse compression

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Constructing a highly efficient multifunctional carbon quantum dot platform for the treatment of infectious wounds

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regenerative Biomaterials 2024年第6期3卷 137-148页

作者： Hangzhen Zhang Jiafan Bai Xiangli Chen Linyu Wang Wenzhen Peng Yuancong Zhao Jie Weng Wei Zhi Jianxin Wang Kai Zhang Xingdong Zhang Key Laboratory of Advance Technologies of Materials Ministry of EducationCollege of Medicine and School of Materials Science and EngineeringSouthwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology College of Basic and Forensic MedicineSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials College of Biomedical EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu 610064China

Antibiotic resistance poses a huge threat to public health,which has increased the difficulty and transmission of disease treatment,as well as the burden and cost of medical *** response to the current problems and challenges in inflammation control and treatment of bacterial infected wounds,inspired by antibacterial mechanisms based on active elements such as N,S,Cu and tannic acid(TA),a highly efficient multifunctional carbon quantum dot platform was proposed in this study and constructed through their special assembly in a solvothermal reaction system for the treatment of infected *** introducing active elements such as N,S and Cu,this carbon quantum dot platform is endowed with antibacterial properties,while also achieving good angiogenesis promoting performance through the use of ion ***,the good antioxidant activity of TA(one of the precursors used)enables this platform to have better immunomodulatory performance in *** research results on the treatment of bacterial infection models indicate that the multifunctional carbon quantum dots obtained can accelerate the healing of infected wounds by inhibiting bacterial infection,regulating immunoreaction,accelerating collagen deposition and promoting *** multifunctional carbon quantum dot platform shows good clinical application prospects in treating bacterial infected ***,the fluorescence characteristics of such carbon dots can be expected to realize visual therapy in the future.

关键词： multifunctional fluorescent carbon dots antibacterial immunomodulation bacterial labeling promoting angiogenesis

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real-time and high-transmission middle-infrared optical imaging system based on a pixel-wise metasurface micro-polarization array

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Chinese Physics B 2023年第8期32卷 304-309页

作者：马丽凤杜杉常军陈蔚霖武楚晗石鑫鑫黄翼钟乐穆全全 School of Optics and Photonics Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Information Science Academy China Electronics Technology Group CorporationBeijing 100098China State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics China Changchun Institute of OpticsFine Mechanics and PhysicsChangchun 130033China

real-time polarization medium-wave infrared(MIr)optical imaging systems enable the acquisition of infrared and polarization information for a *** present,real-time polarization MIr devices face the following problems:poor real-time performance,low transmission and high requirements for fabrication and ***,we aim to improve the performance of real-time polarization imaging systems in the MIr waveband and solve the above-mentioned ***,we propose a MIr polarization imaging system to achieve real-time polarization-modulated imaging with high transmission as well as improved performance based on a pixel-wise metasurface micro-polarization array(PMMPA).The PMMPA element comprises several linear polarization(LP)filters with different polarization *** optimization results demonstrate that the transmittance of the center field of view for the LP filters is up to 77%at a wavelength of4.0μm and an extinction ratio of 88 d *** addition,a near-diffraction-limited real-time MIr imaging optical system is designed with a field of view of 5°and an F-number of *** simulation results show that an MIr polarization imaging system with excellent real-time performance and high transmission is achieved by using the optimized PMMPA ***,the method is compatible with the available optical system design technologies and provides a way to realize real-time polarization imaging in MIr wavebands.

关键词： real-time middle infrared optical imaging system metasurface polarization array

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Optimal Allocation of Fault Current Limiter in MMC-HVdC Grid Based on Transient Energy Flow

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2023年第5期9卷 1786-1796页

作者： Meiqin Mao Hui Lu dejian Cheng Zhuang He Research Centre for Photovoltaic System Engineering.MOE Hefei University of TechnologyHefei 230009China

Economical and reliable protection of dC-side shortcircuit faults has become a key technology for promoting the development of module multilevel converters based on the high voltage direct current grid(MMC-HVdC-Grid).The fault current limiter(FCL)can effectively suppress the rapid development of the fault current and reduce the current breaking capacity of the circuit *** this paper,a method based on transient energy flow(TEF)analysis is proposed to optimize the allocation of a resistive and inductive FCL in the *** the proposed method,the electromagnetic TEF is measured first,and then,the TEF suppression rate and suppression efficiency are defined as optimization objectives,and the installation location of the FCL and its impedance parameters as optimization *** test the proposed method,two-terminal and four-terminal bipolar MMC-HVdC-Grids with single-pole-to-ground dC faults are modeled in the PSCAd/EMTdC so that the TEF data can be *** optimal FCLs’location and parameter values are determined through investigating the evolution paradigm of TEF along with changes of the FCL position and *** results prove that the selected parameters can effectively slow down the dC fault current rising rate,thus reducing the requirements on tripping current of the dC breakers.

关键词： MMC-HVdC-Grid TEF FCL dC fault protection optimal allocation

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