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Robust and secure image watermarking algorithm resisting JPEG compression and cropping based on Reed Solomon (RS) codes

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SIGNAL IMAGE AND VIDEO PROCESSING 2025年第3期19卷 1-14页

作者： Liu, Yushi Shi, Canghong Hu, Xuefei Qi, Chao Niu, Xianhua XiHua Univ Sch Comp & Software Engn Chengdu 610039 Peoples R China Chengdu Univ Informat Technol Coll Comp Sci Chengdu 610225 Peoples R China

In this paper, we propose an approach based on Reed-Solomon (RS) codes and chaotic sequences to improve the security and robustness of watermarking schemes. First, the watermarked image bits and the chaotic sequence bits are combined to form an information matrix, the Reed-Solomon (RS) code is used to generate the coding matrix, after which the parity bits are embedded into the image. The original image is divided into non-overlapping blocks, which are applied to the discrete cosine transform to obtain the DCT coefficients. For each block, its four immediate neighbors are flagged, and the corresponding intra-block coefficients are selected based on the flags. The differences are then computed to embed the bits. The coefficient selection strategy of the block corresponds to the texture complexity of the image. The RS codes offer excellent error correction capabilities, enhancing the robustness of the watermarking scheme, while the combination with chaotic sequences ensures security. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is robust to common image processing attacks and is particularly strong against local cropping and JPEG compression attacks compared to existing schemes. Moreover, the proposed watermarking scheme is secure.

关键词： Reed-Solomon code Discrete cosine transform Inter-block coefficient differencing Robustness watermarking

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Improvement of microstructure and dielectric properties of Zn1.8 SiO3.8 ceramics by doping with rare earth elements (La, Pr, Nd, Sm)

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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS 2025年 1010卷

作者： Jiang, Ting Yang, Weize Deng, Wenyan Yu, Zhuoheng Wen, Wei China West Normal Univ Sch Phys & Astron Nanchong 637002 Peoples R China China West Normal Univ Sch Elect & Informat Engn Nanchong 637002 Peoples R China

The current crucial focus is improving the performance of microwave dielectric ceramics, aiming for a low dielectric constant and minimal dielectric loss for millimeter-wave applications. In this study, we successfully synthesized Zn1.8SiO3.8-RO (R=La, Pr, Nd, Sm) microwave dielectric ceramics, namely ZLSO, ZPSO, ZNSO, and ZSSO, using the solid-state reaction sintering method. X-ray diffraction peaks indicated that the main phase matched the standard Zn2SiO4 diffraction peaks. As the dopant ion radius increases from Smi+to Lai+, the diffraction peak shifts to a lower angle and the cell volume increases. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the ZLSO, ZPSO, ZNSO, and ZSSO ceramics displayed denser and more uniform grain shape, along with a significant decrease in the densification temperature (1200 degrees C-1250 degrees C) compared to the Zn 1.8 SiO 3.8 (1300 degrees C- 1350 degrees C). Further research indicated that substituting rare earth ions maintained a low epsilon r while effectively increasing the Qxf values. The specific properties are as follows: ZLSO: epsilon r = 7.06, Q x f = 59,314 GHz, tau f =-25.00 ppm/degrees C;ZPSO: epsilon r = 7.02, Q x f = 111,184 GHz, tau f =-17.77 ppm/degrees C;ZNSO: epsilon r = 7.02, Q x f = 127,711 GHz, tau f =-33.52 ppm/degrees C;ZSSO: epsilon r = 7.06, Q x f =108,435 GHz, tau f =-22.9 ppm/degrees C. Among them, ZNSO exhibited the best microwave dielectric performance. The research not only effectively produces microwave dielectric ceramics with outstanding performance but also systematically uncovers the distinct effects of rare earth elements doping on the dielectric properties of silicate systems. This provides the theoretical groundwork for utilizing 5 G millimeter wave bands.

关键词： 5 G millimeter wave Microwave dielectric ceramics Rare earth elements doping Zn1.8SiO3.8

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Photoredox-catalyzed three-component alkylation of glycine derivatives and peptides via a site-selective 1,5-hydrogen atom transfer cascade

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ORGANIC CHEMISTRY FRONTIERS 2025年

作者： Fan, Hongying Jiao, Liulin Yuan, Ting Chen, Jian Gu, Qingyun Zhang, Xue Hou, Jinyu Yang, Zhongzhen Guo, Li Wu, Yong Sichuan Univ West China Sch Pharm Educ Minist Key Lab Drug Targeting & Drug Delivery Syst 17 Southern Renmin Rd Chengdu 610041 Sichuan Peoples R China Sichuan Univ West China Sch Pharm Dept Med Chem 17 Southern Renmin Rd Chengdu 610041 Sichuan Peoples R China Sichuan Univ West China Hosp Dept Pharm Chengdu 610041 Peoples R China

We report a visible-light-mediated three-component reaction via N-centered radical-mediated 1,5-hydrogen atom transfer combined with site-selective remote C(sp3)-H cross-coupling reactions of alkenes with alkyl radicals for the alpha-C(sp3)-H alkylation of glycine derivatives and peptides. This protocol performs the double functionalization of alkenes and provides a promising alternative route for the modular synthesis of peptide-derived bioactive compounds. Additionally, the potential synthetic value of this transformation is demonstrated in the scale-up reactions and late-stage functionalization of peptides.

关键词： Alkylation

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Two-dimensional layered MoS2/lignin as additives for epoxy composites with improved mechanical and tribological properties

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POLYMER COMPOSITES 2025年第0期

作者： Du, Rong Zhang, Jin Sun, Dinghao Lin, Tong Wang, Yanzhou Yin, Lv Wu, Yuanpeng Southwest Petr Univ Sch New Energy & Mat Chengdu 610500 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Chengdu Inst Organ Chem Chengdu Peoples R China

The MoS2/lignin hybrid material was successfully synthesized and incorporated into an epoxy resin to fabricate composite coatings. The results demonstrate that MoS2 is uniformly attached to the surface of lignin sheets. Compared to adding lignin alone, the MoS2/lignin hybrid-epoxy resin (EP) composite coatings exhibited enhanced friction-reducing and wear-resistant properties. Specifically, the 1 wt% MoS2/lignin hybrid displayed excellent dispersion and high interfacial compatibility within the resin matrix, leading to a 66.7% increase in Vickers hardness, a 27.5% increase in tensile strength, and a 73.9% improvement in char yield. Furthermore, the friction coefficient and wear rate were reduced by 63.2% and 75.8%, respectively. As a uniformly dispersed hybrid structure, the MoS2/lignin material can endure higher loads, autonomously repair defects, and form a stable and complete transfer film on the worn surface, demonstrating synergistic friction-reducing and wear-resistant effects within the epoxy resin matrix. Integrating MoS2 into a two-dimensional material can provide a practical reference for designing polymer-based hybrid materials with outstanding comprehensive properties. Highlights The MoS2/lignin hybrid material was successfully synthesized. MoS2 is uniformly attached to the surface of lignin sheets. The hybrid significantly enhances friction-reducing and wear-resistant properties. Vickers hardness increased by 66.7%, and tensile strength increased by 27.5%. The friction coefficient was reduced by 63.2%, and the wear rate was reduced by 75.8%.

关键词： abrasion composite coating epoxy resin friction MoS2/lignin

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Zwitterionic pH-Responsive Polyurethane Nanoparticles with Cinnamaldehyde and Aggregation-Induced Emission Photosensitizers for Photodynamic Therapy of Diabetic Infected Wounds

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ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS 2025年第14期8卷 7304-7316页

作者： Ren, Bibo Li, Jun Li, Bo Li, Kaijun Wang, Shiyu Han, Qiaoqiao Ou, Zelin Wang, Haibo Sichuan Univ Coll Biomass Sci & Engn Chengdu 610065 Sichuan Peoples R China Sichuan Univ West China Hosp Dept Radiol Chengdu 610041 Sichuan Peoples R China Chongqing Med Univ Childrens Hosp Natl Clin Res Ctr Child Hlth & Disorders Minist EducKey Lab Child Dev & DisordersDept Der Chongqing 400014 Peoples R China Sichuan Univ Qingdao Inst Qingdao 266000 Peoples R China Res Inst Leather & Footwear Ind Wenzhou Wenzhou 325000 Peoples R China

Diabetic infected wounds pose a significant challenge due to their refractoriness and potential for serious complications. Conventional treatment strategies primarily rely on antibiotics, which not only contribute to drug resistance but also pose risks of systemic toxicity. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has emerged as a promising method but suffers from limited effectiveness against Gram-negative bacteria or high material toxicity. For example, quaternary ammonium salts and residual photosensitizers can produce persistent phototoxicity after the antibacterial process, exacerbating the inflammatory response in diabetic wounds and hindering tissue repair. To address these limitations, we developed an innovative zwitterionic pH-responsive polyurethane nanoparticle (PU NP) platform that integrates aggregation-induced emission (AIE) photosensitizers and cinnamaldehyde for targeted and efficient antibacterial treatment. Cinnamaldehyde is released in the bacterial infection microenvironment, synergistically enhancing ROS production with the photosensitizers under light conditions. The multifunctional nanoplatform significantly improves antibacterial efficiency while minimizing off-target toxicity, potential toxicity, and inflammatory response risks. Furthermore, the PU NP system demonstrates the ability to regulate T cell activation and migration in mouse wound tissues, thus optimizing the T cell immune microenvironment. This innovative approach holds promise for the precise treatment of diabetic infected wounds and has the potential to overcome the limitations of current photodynamic therapy, accelerating its clinical translation.

关键词： pH-responsive zwitterionic polyurethane drug delivery photodynamic therapy infected wound healing immune modulation

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Design Indexes and Control Measure for Highway Subgrade Widening and Reconstruction: A Review and Prospect

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TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD 2025年第1期2679卷 1381-1402页

作者： Fu, Yongguo Jiang, Xin Gu, Hanyan Zhang, Lei Sun, Rong Zhang, Mian Qiu, Yanjun Southwest Jiaotong Univ Sch Civil Engn Chengdu Peoples R China Southwest Jiaotong Univ Highway Engn Key Lab Sichuan Prov Chengdu Peoples R China Southwest Jiaotong Univ MOE Key Lab High Speed Railway Engn Chengdu Peoples R China

The flourishing subgrade widening and reconstruction is one of the important challenges facing the highway industry at present. In this paper, focusing on the research progress of highway subgrade widening and reconstruction, the existing classification methods of subgrade widening and reconstruction projects are comprehensively summarized to propose a new classification corresponding to the comprehensive design of subgrade and pavement. The design indexes and standards under different types of subgrade widening are systematically reviewed, and the corresponding main control measures are classified. Then the next research focus of the subgrade widening and reconstruction is proposed from the improvement of the design index system, the composition and calculation analysis of differential settlement, and the active adaptation of the pavement structure. This study is of great reference significance in guiding the scientific decision-making on design indexes, standards, and treatment measures for different types of subgrade widening and reconstruction.

关键词： infrastructure roadway design performance effects of geometric design freeways

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Synergistic enhancement of hydrophobicity and mechanical properties of cellulose paper by (3-glycidoxypropyl) trimethoxy and rosin

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES 2025年 295卷 139661页

作者： Yang, Jia Yang, Yongbin Zhang, Jun Xu, Yang Liu, Jianrong Sichuan Univ Sci & Engn Coll Biol Engn Yibin 644005 Sichuan Peoples R China Sichuan Univ Sci & Engn Coll Chem Engn Zigong 643000 Sichuan Peoples R China

Cellulose-based paper is inherently poor in hydrophobicity and mechanical strength, limiting its practical applications in daily life such as packaging materials, water-resistant labels, and disposable tableware. This study aimed to develop an effective and eco-friendly strategy to address these limitations by enhancing the hydrophobicity and mechanical properties of cellulose paper. To achieve this, an internal sizing agent was prepared by combining (3-glycidoxypropyl) trimethoxy (GPS) with natural rosin. This sizing agent was applied to cellulose paper, and its effectiveness was evaluated. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirmed the successful introduction of rosin and GPS into the cellulose fiber network, forming covalent bonds. The variation in the microstructure and surface elemental distribution of the sizing cellulose paper was further analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was conducted to evaluate the improved thermostability of the sizing cellulose paper. These structural improvements, including covalent bond formation and gap filling, contributed to the enhanced hydrophobicity and mechanical properties of the paper. This study provides a convenient and cost-effective approach to enhancing the functional properties of cellulose paper, offering new possibilities for its practical applications in eco-friendly packaging materials, disposable paper products, and high-performance paper-based packaging.

关键词： Silane coupling agent Cellulose interface Silane modification Hydrophobicity

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Understanding the roles of Ce and Zr on a Ce-Zr/Cu-SSZ-13 catalyst with improved hydrothermal stability for NOx reduction by NH3

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MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2025年 572卷

作者： Fan, Wubo Xia, Rongjiao Zhou, Fen Li, Yuan Wu, Ganxue Chen, Yaoqiang Wang, Jianli Liang, Juan Zhao, Wenyan Sichuan Inst Ecol & Environm Sci Chengdu Sichuan Peoples R China Sichuan Univ Coll Architecture & Environm Chengdu Sichuan Peoples R China Sichuan Univ Coll Chem Chengdu Sichuan Peoples R China

Promotion of the hydrothermal stability of Cu-CHA catalyst is a huge challenge. Metal modification is one of the important methods to improve the hydrothermal stability of Cu-CHA, but deeply insight into the roles of doped metal during the hydrothermal process is still lacking. In this study, a Ce-Zr/Cu-SSZ-13 catalyst was designed, and its robustness was significantly enhanced by adjusting the Ce and Zr doping ratios compared to Cu-SSZ-13. It was found that introducing a certain amount of Ce into Cu-SSZ-13 could enhance the redox property and stabilizing the framework structure. Nevertheless, the ability of Ce to stabilize the framework was still limited because the structure would be severely damaged during hydrothermal aging due to the movement of CuOx clusters generated in the cage. But, interestingly, an appropriate Ce-Zr co-doping could generate new hydroxyl components and acid sites, and inhibit the migration and agglomeration of isolated Cu ions during hydrothermal aging, which could significantly alleviate the formation of CuOx and CuAl2O4 species, thus promoting the stability of the as-gained catalyst. Additionally, an appropriate Ce-Zr co-doping could also restrain the accumulation of intermediate product NH4NO3 in the low temperature NH3-SCR reaction after hydrothermal aging, resulting in an enhanced low-temperature SCR ability over the aged catalyst. This work can be used to assist in the design of the high-efficient diesel Cu-CHA catalyst, thus highlighting its remarkable potential for industrial applications.

关键词： CeZr/Cu-SSZ-13 NH3-SCR Hydrothermal stability NH4NO3 aggregation

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Streamlining Visual UI Design: Mining UI Design Patterns for Top App Bars

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APPLIED scienceS-BASEL 2025年第3期15卷 1060-1060页

作者： Li, Ming Zhang, Zhenbo Lin, Tao Sichuan Univ Coll Comp Sci Chengdu 610207 Peoples R China

The Top App Bar (TAB) seamlessly integrates essential elements such as app titles, navigation icons, action buttons, and search fields without creating visual clutter. However, designing a well-structured TAB presents a challenge, particularly for novice UI designers, due to the need to balance aesthetics, functionality, usability, and user experience within a limited space. This study introduces an auxiliary design method to address this challenge. It proposes the sequence representation learning technique to cluster TABs in software repositories based on their structure. A novice designer can input their preconceptualized structure to retrieve design examples from the software repository's TAB clusters that have structures identical or similar to their concepts. Experimental results demonstrate the method's effectiveness, achieving an accuracy of 66.7% and an F-1 score of 0.717, highlighting its alignment with human clustering. This method not only enhances the design efficiency of novice designers but also helps them understand successful design practices in various contexts. By avoiding common pitfalls and design errors, designers can adapt and innovate based on existing solutions. The dataset used in this study, containing approximately 4228 TABs, is available on Zenodo.

关键词： Top App Bar UI design patterns visual UI design sequence representation learning

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Dietary ferulic acid supplementation enhances antioxidant capacity and alleviates hepatocyte pyroptosis in diquat challenged piglets

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Journal of Animal science and Biotechnology 2025年第1期16卷 377-387页

作者： Junqiu Luo Xiu Wu Daiwen Chen Bing Yu Jun He Institute of Animal Nutrition Key Laboratory for Animal Disease‑Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of EducationSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduSichuan 611130People’s Republic of China

Background Oxidative stress significantly impacts growth performance and liver function in *** acid(FA)works as an antioxidant,however,the role and mechanism of FA in the regulation of diquat-induced oxidative stress in piglets are less *** study was designed to investigate the effects of FA on growth performance and antioxi-dant capacity in piglets with diquat *** Thirty-two healthy DLY(Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire)piglets(13.24±0.19 kg)were randomly divided into one of two diets including 0 or 4 g/kg FA for 14 *** d 15,all pigs were intraperitoneally injected diquat or sterile *** Dietary supplementation with ferulic acid(FA)significantly improved the average daily gain(ADG)and decreased feed-gain ratio(F/G)of ***,dietary FA supplementation reduced serum aspartate aminotrans-ferase(AST),alanine aminotransferase(ALT)activities in diquat challenged ***,diquat infusion increased reactive oxygen radicals(ROS)level in liver,decreased the activities of total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD)and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)and increased malondialdehyde(MDA)con-tent in the liver and *** with FA significantly increased T-AOC and T-SOD activities and decreased MDA and ROS *** down-regulated gene and protein expression of Keap1,and up-regulated protein expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 in the liver of piglets with diquat ***,diquat challenge increased the ratio of late apoptosis,increased serum levels of IL-1β,IL-18 and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),and up-regulated pyroptosis-related genes in the *** supplementation reduced the ratio of late apoptosis and down-regulated mRNA expression of ***,FA addition reduced concentration of IL-1β,IL-18,and LDH under diquat *** Diquat-induced oxidative stress reduced growth performance and impaired liver function in *** FA supplementation enhanced the antiox

关键词： Antioxidant capacity Ferulic acid Hepatic pyroptosis Piglets

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