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Application of metal interconnection process with micro-LED display by laser-assisted bonding technology

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS science-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS 2023年第35期34卷 1-10页

作者： Tian, Wenya Ma, Zehao Cao, Xuan Lin, Jiahua Cui, Yongxin Huang, Xiuqi Chengdu Vistar Optoelect Co Ltd Chengdu 610000 Peoples R China

Bonding between the micro-LED chip and the substrate soldered joint has become a key bottleneck after the mass transfer process of moving individual chips regarded as the biggest technical obstacle for the commercialization of display. A new laser-assisted bonding process of pure metallic Au/Sn with high productivity and low cost is applied in 62 x 78 pixels full-color micro-LED display. Au-Sn solder alloy has high yield strength, corrosion and creep resistance, good wetting behavior, as well as good thermal/electrical conductivity [1]. Low-temperature solid liquid bonding method below 280 degrees C to achieve reliable metal electrical connection between microscale LED devices and the backplane is achieved firstly, to ensure the drive backplane operation well. The micro-morphology and formation mechanism of different alloy phase compositions of metal elements have been thoroughly analyzed, and a feasible technological route has been developed for the upcoming mass production of micro-LED display modules.

关键词： Morphology

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Enrichment Mechanism of Helium in the Jiaoshiba Shale Gas Field, sichuan Basin, SW China

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Geological Journal 2025年第0期

作者： He, Jianglin Li, Shuangjian Mansour, Ahmed Zhao, Ankun Zhou, Xiaolin Wang, Dong Gao, Jian Wang, Zhenghe Zhu, Lixia State Key Laboratory of Shale Oil and Gas Enrichment Mechanisms and Effective Development SINOPEC Beijing China SINOPEC Key Laboratory of Geology and Resources in Deep Stratum Beijing China Chengdu Center China Geological Survey (Geosciences Innovation Center of Southwest China) Chengdu China Key Laboratory for Sedimentary Basin and oil and Gas Resources Ministry of Natural Resources Chengdu China Faculty of Science Minia University Minia Egypt

In sichuan Basin, uranium (U) and thorium (Th) are more abundant in organic-rich shale than in granitic rocks, suggesting that organic-rich shale is a significant source rock for helium (He). However, the He generation potential of organic-rich shale and He enrichment mechanisms in shale gas fields remain limited in understanding. Based on the He, U and Th concentration tests, fluid inclusion analysis in the Jiaoshiba shale gas field, it was found that the He concentrations in shale gas is 340–730 ppm. The helium-rich shale gas (≥ 500 ppm) was primarily found in synclinal units. The biggest helium abundance area (0.27 m³/m²) is located at the core of the Jiaoshiba anticline. The He is not solely derived from Wufeng–Longmaxi shale itself, for the current helium abundance (0.15–0.27 m³/m²) exceeds its historical He generation intensity (0.063–0.104 m³/m²) calculated by the U and Th concentration of the shale. Low-angle deep faults are more favourable for He capture than high-angle deep faults. The generation intensity of hydrocarbon is 21,851–29,224 times greater than He, which indicates that the dilution of hydrocarbon to He in organic-rich shale is more significantly than in common source rocks (3000 times). The He enrichment model in the study area includes three stages: continuous burial, fold-dominated, and fault-dominated stages. In the anticline zone, He is continuously accumulated as carrier gas migration. In the syncline zone, He is mainly accumulated as the migration of carrier gas along faults and the water flows the aquifer, at the fault-dominated stage. He-rich gas is preferentially accumulated in shallow gas reservoirs associated with deep faults, and the shale gas layers in synclinal zones adjacent to low-angle deep faults. © 2025 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

关键词： helium enrichment helium generation hydrocarbon dilution Jiaoshiba anticline shale gas Wufeng–Longmaxi shale

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Swim bladder-derived biomaterials: structures, compositions, properties, modifications, and biomedical applications

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JOURNAL OF NANOBIOtechnology 2024年第1期22卷 186页

作者： Lan, Xiaorong Luo, Mingdong Li, Meiling Mu, Linpeng Li, Guangwen Chen, Gong He, Zhoukun Xiao, Jingang Southwest Med Univ Affiliated Stomatol Hosp Luzhou Key Lab Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruct & Luzhou 646000 Peoples R China Southwest Med Univ Metab Vasc Dis Key Lab Sichuan Prov Luzhou 646000 Peoples R China Southwest Med Univ Basic Med Res Innovat Ctr Cardiometab Dis Minist Educ Luzhou 646000 Peoples R China Southwest Med Univ Inst Stomatol Luzhou 646000 Peoples R China Army Mil Med Univ Southwest Hosp Chongqing 400038 Peoples R China Chengdu Univ Inst Adv Study Res Ctr Composites & Surface & Interface Engn Chengdu 610106 Peoples R China Southwest Med Univ Affiliated Hosp Dept Cardiol Luzhou 646000 Peoples R China

Animal-derived biomaterials have been extensively employed in clinical practice owing to their compositional and structural similarities with those of human tissues and organs, exhibiting good mechanical properties and biocompatibility, and extensive sources. However, there is an associated risk of infection with pathogenic microorganisms after the implantation of tissues from pigs, cattle, and other mammals in humans. Therefore, researchers have begun to explore the development of non-mammalian regenerative biomaterials. Among these is the swim bladder, a fish-derived biomaterial that is rapidly used in various fields of biomedicine because of its high collagen, elastin, and polysaccharide content. However, relevant reviews on the biomedical applications of swim bladders as effective biomaterials are lacking. Therefore, based on our previous research and in-depth understanding of this field, this review describes the structures and compositions, properties, and modifications of the swim bladder, with their direct (including soft tissue repair, dural repair, cardiovascular repair, and edible and pharmaceutical fish maw) and indirect applications (including extracted collagen peptides with smaller molecular weights, and collagen or gelatin with higher molecular weights used for hydrogels, and biological adhesives or glues) in the field of biomedicine in recent years. This review provides insights into the use of swim bladders as source of biomaterial;hence, it can aid biomedicine scholars by providing directions for advancements in this field.

关键词： Swim bladder Tissue repair Cardiovascular repair Hydrogel Biological adhesive

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Variational Bayesian Multiuser Tracking for Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface-Aided MIMO-OFDM Systems

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IEEE JOURNAL ON SELECTED AREAS IN COMMUNICATIONS 2023年第12期41卷 3752-3767页

作者： Teng, Boyu Yuan, Xiaojun Wang, Rui Univ Elect Sci & Technol China Natl Key Lab Wireless Commun Chengdu 610000 Peoples R China Tongji Univ Coll Elect & Informat Engn Shanghai 201804 Peoples R China Tongji Univ Shanghai Inst Intelligent Sci & Technol Shanghai 201804 Peoples R China

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) has attracted enormous interest for its potential advantages in assisting both wireless communication and environmental sensing. In this paper, we study a challenging multiuser tracking problem in the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system aided by multiple RISs. In particular, we assume that a multi-antenna base station (BS) receives the OFDM symbols from single-antenna users reflected by multiple RISs and tracks the positions of these users. Considering the users' mobility and the blockage of light-of-sight (LoS) paths, we establish a probability transition model to characterize the tracking process, where the geometric constraints between channel parameters and multiuser positions are utilized. We further develop an online message passing algorithm, termed the Bayesian multiuser tracking (BMT) algorithm, to estimate the multiuser positions, the angles-of-arrivals (AoAs) at multiple RISs, and the time delay and the blockage of the LoS path. The Bayesian Cramer Rao bound (BCRB) is derived as the fundamental performance limit of the considered tracking problem. Based on the BCRB, we optimize the passive beamforming (PBF) of the multiple RISs to improve the tracking performance. Simulation results show that the proposed PBF design significantly outperforms the counterpart schemes, and our BMT algorithm can achieve up to centimeter-level tracking accuracy.

关键词： User tracking reconfigurable intelligent surface MIMO-OFDM Bayesian inference passive beamforming

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Nonisolation Model and Load Virtual-Grounding Design Method for Capacitive Power Transfer System With Asymmetric Four-Plate Coupling Interface

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IEEE JOURNAL OF EMERGING AND SELECTED TOPICS IN POWER ELECTRONICS 2024年第1期12卷 208-218页

作者： Zhou, Wei Tang, Dingyuan Chen, Zelin Mai, Ruikun He, Zhengyou Southwest Jiaotong Univ Sch Elect Engn Chengdu 611756 Peoples R China

In most capacitive power transfer (CPT) systems, significant voltage difference between the primary and secondary coupling plates leads to a high load-to-ground (L2G) voltage, posing a risk of electric shock when individuals contact with the power receiver. However, existing models of capacitive couplers cannot describe the interplate voltage between different sides, making it difficult to analyze the L2G voltage. Moreover, existing methods for reducing the L2G voltage are only applicable to CPT systems with a symmetric coupler. This article proposes a nonisolated model of four-plate capacitive couplers to describe the interplate voltage and the L2G voltage. Based on this model, a compensation network with asymmetrically separated inductors (ASIs) is proposed. The high interplate voltage between the two sides can be canceled by ASIs, thus realizing the load virtual grounding for CPT systems. Finally, a prototype of the CPT system with an ASI-based compensation network is constructed. Experimental results demonstrate that the secondary side of the system is virtually grounded without affecting the system power transmission. In the optimal scenario, the L2G voltage is reduced by 66.7% from 120.6 to 40.2 V compared to existing designs. The L2G voltage reduction is also verified for CPT systems with different loads and voltage gains.

关键词： Voltage Couplers Electric potential Couplings Power electronics Integrated circuit modeling Mathematical models Asymmetric capacitive coupler asymmetrically separated inductors (ASIs) capacitive power transfer (CPT) nonisolated model virtual grounding

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Resilience Enhancement Aimed Adaptive Identification of Arc Fault in Distribution System

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS 2024年第2期60卷 2312-2320页

作者： Tang, Xiaotian Zhang, Zhenyuan Ren, Jie Huang, Qi Lee, Wei-Jen Univ Elect Sci & Technol China Sch Mech & Elect Engn Chengdu 611731 Peoples R China Southwest Univ Sci & Technol Mianyang 621010 Peoples R China Univ Texas Arlington Dept Elect Engn Arlington TX 76019 USA

The gradually increased proportion of power electronic devices and the distributed energy resource (DER), in the distribution network, induced more harmonic and pulse signals to be injected into the grid. Arc faults, as the critical and common faults in the distribution system, are the potential reasons for the safety of the personnel and equipment. Furthermore, intensely chaotic characteristics of the arc current and the harmonic generated from the power electronic devices pollute the fault signature, which may cause misjudgment or malfunctions of arc detection devices. Therefore, to identify the arc fault rapidly and accurately, this article starts with the mechanism of the arc formation. It analyzes the fault signature with resistive, inductive, and capacitive loads to reduce the detection of blind spots. Then, the time-frequency is utilized to analyze the fault current of each load type to capture the common feature in the frequency domain. Comparing multiple tests shows that the proposed approach can accurately and robustly identify the arc fault in different operation conditions.

关键词： Circuit faults Mathematical models Couplings Conductors Fault diagnosis Fault currents Magnetohydrodynamics Arc fault distribution network fault detection multi-physic coupling time-frequency domain

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CT-Net: an interpretable CNN-Transformer fusion network for fNIRS classification

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MEDICAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERING & COMPUTING 2024年第10期62卷 3233-3247页

作者： Liao, Lingxiang Lu, Jingqing Wang, Lutao Zhang, Yongqing Gao, Dongrui Wang, Manqing Chengdu Univ Informat Technol Sch Comp Sci Chengdu 610225 Peoples R China Univ Elect Sci & Technol China Sch Life Sci & Technol Chengdu 611731 Peoples R China

Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), an optical neuroimaging technique, has been widely used in the field of brain activity recognition and brain-computer interface. Existing works have proposed deep learning-based algorithms for the fNIRS classification problem. In this paper, a novel approach based on convolutional neural network and Transformer, named CT-Net, is established to guide the deep modeling for the classification of mental arithmetic (MA) tasks. We explore the effect of data representations, and design a temporal-level combination of two raw chromophore signals to improve the data utilization and enrich the feature learning of the model. We evaluate our model on two open-access datasets and achieve the classification accuracy of 98.05% and 77.61%, respectively. Moreover, we explain our model by the gradient-weighted class activation mapping, which presents a high consistent between the contributing value of features learned by the model and the mapping of brain activity in the MA task. The results suggest the feasibility and interpretability of CT-Net for decoding MA tasks.

关键词： fNIRS Classification CNN Transformer Gradient-weighted class activation mapping

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Communication Efficient ConFederated Learning: An Event-Triggered SAGA Approach

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SIGNAL PROCESSING 2024年 72卷 2054-2072页

作者： Wang, Bin Fang, Jun Li, Hongbin Eldar, Yonina C. Univ Elect Sci & Technol China Natl Key Lab Wireless Commun Chengdu 611731 Peoples R China Stevens Inst Technol Dept Elect & Comp Engn Hoboken NJ 07030 USA Weizmann Inst Sci Fac Math & Comp Sci IL-7610001 Rehovot Israel

Federated learning (FL) is a machine learning paradigm that targets model training without gathering the local data dispersed over various data sources. Standard FL, which employs a single server, can only support a limited number of users, leading to degraded learning capability. In this work, we consider a multi-server FL framework, referred to as Confederated Learning (CFL), in order to accommodate a larger number of users. A CFL system is composed of multiple networked edge servers, with each server connected to an individual set of users. Decentralized collaboration among servers is leveraged to harness all users' data for model training. Due to the potentially massive number of users involved, it is crucial to reduce the communication overhead of the CFL system. We propose a stochastic gradient method for distributed learning in the CFL framework. The proposed method incorporates a conditionally-triggered user selection (CTUS) mechanism as the central component to effectively reduce communication overhead. Relying on a delicately designed triggering condition, the CTUS mechanism allows each server to select only a small number of users to upload their gradients, without significantly jeopardizing the convergence performance of the algorithm. Our theoretical analysis reveals that the proposed algorithm enjoys a linear convergence rate. Simulation results show that it achieves substantial improvement over state-of-the-art algorithms in terms of communication efficiency.

关键词： Servers Training Standards Convergence Vectors Stochastic processes Training data Confederated learning stochastic gradient user selection

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Quality Assurance based on Deep Learning for Pelvic OARs Delineation in Radiotherapy

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CURRENT MEDICAL IMAGING 2023年第4期19卷 373-381页

作者： Yu, Hang He, Yisong Fu, Yuchuan Li, Xia Zhang, Jun Liu, Huan Sichuan Univ West China Hosp Dept Radiat Oncol Chengdu 610041 Sichuan Peoples R China Southwest Jiaotong Univ Peoples Hosp Chengdu 3 Dept Radiat Oncol Affiliated Hosp 82 Qinglong Rd Chengdu 610031 Sichuan Peoples R China Med Technol Bldg 37 Guoxue Alley Chengdu 610041 Sichuan Peoples R China

Background Correct delineation of organs at risk (OARs) is an important step for radiotherapy and it is also a time-consuming process that depends on many factors. Objective An automatic quality assurance (QA) method based on deep learning (DL) was proposed to improve efficiency for detecting contouring errors of OARs. Materials and Methods A total of 180 planning CT scan sets at the pelvic site and the corresponding OARs contours from clinics were enrolled in this study. Among them, 140 cases were randomly chosen as the training datasets, 20 cases were used as the validation datasets, and the remaining 20 cases were used as the test datasets. DL-based models were trained through data curation for data cleaning based on the Dice similarity coefficient and the 95th percentile Hausdorff distance between the original contours and the predicted contours. All contouring errors could be classified into two types: minor modification required and major modification required. The pass criteria were established using Bias-Corrected and Accelerated bootstrap on 20 manually reviewed validation datasets. The performance of the QA method was evaluated with the metrics of sensitivity, specificity, the area under the receiving operator characteristic curve (AUC), and detection rate sensitivity on the 20 test datasets. Results For all OARs, segmentation results after data curation were superior to those without. The sensitivity of the QA method was greater than 0.890 and the specificity was higher than 0.975. The AUCs were 0.948, 0.966, 0.965, and 0.932 for the bladder, right femoral head, left femoral head, and rectum, respectively. Almost all major errors could be detected by the automatic QA method, and the lowest detection rate sensitivity of minor errors was 0.863 for the rectum. Conclusions QA of OARs is an important step for the correct implementation of radiotherapy. The DL-based QA method proposed in this study showed a high potential to automatically detect contouring erro

关键词： Quality assurance deep learning radiotherapy contouring bias-corrected and accelerated bootstrap organs at risk

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Synthesis and evaluation of tannin-thiosemicarbazide-formaldehyde resin for selective adsorption of silver ions from aqueous solutions

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ADSORPTION-JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ADSORPTION SOCIETY 2024年第6期30卷 1103-1114页

作者： Sun, Xubing Yin, Shiyu You, Yaohui Neijiang Normal Univ Coll Chem & Chem Engn Neijiang 641100 Peoples R China Sichuan Sci & Technol Resources Sharing Serv Platf Neijiang 641100 Peoples R China Prov Higher Learning Inst Key Lab Fruit Waste Treatment & Resource Recycling Neijiang 641100 Peoples R China

To anchor chelating groups with nitrogen and sulfur atoms on tannin, a novel adsorbent (tannin-thiosemicarbazide-formaldehyde resin) was prepared through Mannich reaction by using blank wattle tannin, thiosemicarbazide and formaldehyde as raw materials. The adsorption behaviour of Ag+ from aqueous solution on the resin was evaluated via batch adsorption experiments. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and elemental analysis were applied to verify the successful immobilization. The surface morphology, thermal stability and pore structure of the resin were also characterized. The results showed that the adsorption isotherm of Ag+ for the resin was described well by the Freundlich model. Ag+ adsorption equilibrium was achieved within 180 min, and the kinetic data were better fitted by the pseudo-second-order kinetic equation than by the pseudo-first-order and intraparticle diffusion equations. The adsorption capacity first increased and then stabilized with increasing pH (ranging from 1.0 to 7.0), and the resin exhibited high selectivity towards Ag+ in relation to Pb2+, Cd2+, Ni2+ and Ca2+. After three regeneration and reuse cycles, the adsorption capacity reached 1.68 mmol/g (84.0% of removal efficiency). Based on the experimental results and findings from various characterization techniques, the mechanism of Ag+ adsorption onto the resin could be attributed to inner-sphere complexation and chelation between Ag+ and multiple electron-rich atoms ( N, O, and S), in which S atoms played the most important role.

关键词： Tannin Adsorption Silver Thiosemicarbazide Mechanism

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