Dynamic stability issues of power converter interfaced devices integrating into the power grid have drawn increased attention. This paper studies DC-link voltage control stability for a weak-ac-grid connected wind far...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781509041688
Dynamic stability issues of power converter interfaced devices integrating into the power grid have drawn increased attention. This paper studies DC-link voltage control stability for a weak-ac-grid connected wind farm, in which doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) based wind turbines (WTs) operate in parallel. First, a reduced analytical model is proposed of separated dynamics for different time scales. Operating points of WTs, grid strengths and DC-link voltage control system dynamics are included in the model. Eigenvalue analysis for the proposed model shows that the mode, usually called common mode which represents the interconnection behavior between the overall wind farm and the grid, determines system stability. Damping of this common mode turns weak as grid strength decreases, and even negative thus leading system instability. Eigenvalue locus shows that tuning of phase-locked loop (PLL) has noticeable effect on this mode under weak ac grid, and larger PLL gain can effectively improve system damping. Time domain simulation with corresponding detailed model verifies the analysis.
Welcome to the last issue of the IEEE Transactions on Computational Social Systems (IEEE TCSS) in 2018. Starting from the first issue next year, our Transactions will be a bimonthly publication, entering a new stage f...
Welcome to the last issue of the IEEE Transactions on Computational Social Systems (IEEE TCSS) in 2018. Starting from the first issue next year, our Transactions will be a bimonthly publication, entering a new stage for the IEEE TCSS.
We studied the grain boundaries within mechanically formed polycrystalline Ba0.6K0.4Fe2As2 micro-bridges. By tunneling current across grain boundaries, current-voltage characteristics (IVCs) demonstrated the typical J...
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We studied the grain boundaries within mechanically formed polycrystalline Ba0.6K0.4Fe2As2 micro-bridges. By tunneling current across grain boundaries, current-voltage characteristics (IVCs) demonstrated the typical Josephson weak links behavior in micro-bridges. Shapiro steps were observed for the junctions under the microwave radiation at 10 GHz. The temperature dependence of the critical current I-c was observed as a shoulder, corresponding to a multi-gap symmetry but not a single-gap s-wave or d-wave.
The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) has attracted much attention as it can be used to produce clean energy. Hierarchical porous activated carbon (HPAC) shows potential applications for the OER. HPAC derived from falle...
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The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) has attracted much attention as it can be used to produce clean energy. Hierarchical porous activated carbon (HPAC) shows potential applications for the OER. HPAC derived from fallen leaves (Fraxinus chinensis) is prepared using a facile method, in which KOH and/or K2CO3 are used as activators. Characterization reveals that HPAC in the system of KOH/K2CO3 has a high surface area and possesses abundant hierarchical pores, which are favorable for mass transfer and charge transfer in the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Acid washed HPAC displays relatively low activity and electrochemical tests demonstrate that ash composition may contribute to the OER. HPAC is a potential carbon-based catalyst that has prominent OER activity and durability.
In this paper the behavior and mechanism of tin whisker growth in Nd-doped Sn-Zn soldered joint were investigated, and the effect of Nd on the growth of tin whisker at 150 A degrees C thermal condition was studied in ...
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In this paper the behavior and mechanism of tin whisker growth in Nd-doped Sn-Zn soldered joint were investigated, and the effect of Nd on the growth of tin whisker at 150 A degrees C thermal condition was studied in detail. It was found that spontaneous growth of tin whisker occurred on the surface of soldered joint with excessive Nd addition, and the maximum length of tin whisker exceeded the safety range after aging treatment. With the oxidation of NdSn3 phase, the compressive stress continuously drives the fresh tin atoms out from the fractures around NdSn3 phase until the NdSn3 phase was totally oxidized. The tin whisker growth from IMC in soldered joint was due to the diffusion-induced stress in the IMC layer between the Cu pad and the solder. As a result of stress release, voids and cracks formed in IMC layer and tin whisker sprout out from these fractures after aging treatment, which further decreased the mechanical property of soldered joint.
Reconstruction of cross-cut shredded text documents (RCCSTD) plays a crucial role in many fields such as forensic and archeology. To handle and reconstruct the shreds, in addition to some image processing procedures, ...
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Reconstruction of cross-cut shredded text documents (RCCSTD) plays a crucial role in many fields such as forensic and archeology. To handle and reconstruct the shreds, in addition to some image processing procedures, a well-designed optimization algorithm is required. Existing works adopt some general methods in these two aspects, which may not be very efficient since they ignore the specific structure or characteristics of RCCSTD. In this paper, we develop a splicing-driven memetic algorithm (SD-MA) specifically for tackling the problem. As the name indicates, the algorithm is designed from a splicing-centered perspective, in which the operators and fitness evaluation are developed for the purpose of splicing the shreds. We design novel crossover and mutation operators that utilize the adjacency information in the shreds to breed high-quality offsprings. Then, a local search strategy based on shreds is performed, which further improves the evolution efficiency of the population in complex search space. To extract valid information from shreds and improve the accuracy of splicing costs, we propose a comprehensive objective function that considers both edge and empty row-based splicing errors. Experiments are carried out on 30 RCCSTD scenarios and comparisons are made against previous best-known algorithms. Experimental results show that the proposed SD-MA displays a significantly improved performance in terms of solution accuracy and convergence speed. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
With the rapid development of the internet, applications of recommendation systems for online shops and entertainment platforms become more and more popular. In order to improve the effectiveness of recommendation, ex...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781538618295
With the rapid development of the internet, applications of recommendation systems for online shops and entertainment platforms become more and more popular. In order to improve the effectiveness of recommendation, external information has been incorporated into various algorithms, such as location and social relationship. However, most algorithms only focus on the introduction of external information without depth analysis of the intrinsic mechanism in the external information. This paper proposed a transfer model of social trusted relationship, and optimized the reliability of the transfer model using pruning algorithm based on original trust recommendation. A credible social relationship macro-transfer model based on iterations of new credible relationships is defined by the similarity of social relationships. With a certain interest topic as a source of information, a micro-transfer model achieves the theme of interest and credibility of the expansion using social information dissemination algorithm. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the macro and micro credible transfer models, we used the Mantra search tree pruning algorithm and the optimization algorithm of similar category replacing similar products. The experimental results show that the proposed method based on the macroscopic and microscopic transfer models of the trusted relationship enhances the success rate and stability of the recommended system.
A mathematical model has been developed to explain the effect of the number of nozzles on recirculation flow rate in the RH process. Experimental data from water modeling were employed to validate the mathematical mod...
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A mathematical model has been developed to explain the effect of the number of nozzles on recirculation flow rate in the RH process. Experimental data from water modeling were employed to validate the mathematical model. The experimental data included the velocity fields measured with a particle image velocimetry technique and mixing time. The multiphase model volume of fluid was employed to allow a more realistic representation of the free surface in the vacuum chamber while injected argon bubbles were treated as discrete phase particles and modeled using the discrete phase model. Interfacial forces between bubbles and liquid phase were considered, including the lift force. The simulations carried out with the mathematical model involved changes in the gas flow rate from 12 to 36 L/min and a number of nozzles from 4 to 8. The results indicated a logarithmic increment in the recirculation rate as the gas flow rate increased and also corresponded with an exponential decrease in mixing time. The plume area and liquid velocities resulting from individual nozzles were computed. A maximum optimum recirculation rate was defined based on a mechanism proposed to explain the effect of gas flow rate and the number of nozzles on the recirculation rate.
作者:
Ling, HaitaoZhang, LifengLi, HongUSTB
Beijing Key Lab Green Recycling & Extract Met GRE Beijing 100083 Peoples R China USTB
Sch Met & Ecol Engn Beijing 100083 Peoples R China
In the current study, mathematical models were developed to predict the transient concentration and size distribution of inclusions in a two-strand continuous casting tundish. The collision and growth of inclusions we...
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In the current study, mathematical models were developed to predict the transient concentration and size distribution of inclusions in a two-strand continuous casting tundish. The collision and growth of inclusions were considered. The contribution of turbulent collision and Stokes collision was evaluated. The removal of inclusions from the top surface was modeled by considering the properties of inclusions and the molten steel, such as the wettability, density, size, and interfacial tension. The effect of composition of inclusions on the collision of inclusions was included through the Hamaker constant. Meanwhile, the effect of the turbulent fluctuation velocity on the removal of inclusions at the top surface was also studied. Inclusions in steel samples were detected using automatic SEM Scanning so that the amount, morphology, size, and composition of inclusions were achieved. In the simulation, the size distribution of inclusions at the end steel refining was used as the initial size distribution of inclusions at tundish inlet. The equilibrium time when the collision and coalescence of inclusions reached the steady state was equal to 3.9 times of the mean residence time. When Stokes collision, turbulent collision, and removal by floating were included, the removal fraction of inclusions was 16.4 pct. Finally, the removal of solid and liquid inclusions, such as Al2O3, SiO2, and 12CaO center dot 7Al(2)O(3), at the interface between the molten steel and slag was studied. Compared with 12CaO center dot 7Al(2)O(3) inclusions, the silica and alumina inclusions were much easier to be removed from the molten steel and their removal fractions were 36.5 and 39.2 pct, respectively.
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