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Symbolic Regression Equations for Calculating Daily Reference Evapotranspiration with the Same Input to Hargreaves-Samani in Arid China

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WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT 2016年第6期30卷 2055-2073页

作者： Xu, Junzeng Wang, Junmei Wei, Qi Wang, Yanhua Hohai Univ State Key Lab Hydrol Water Resources & Hydraul En Nanjing 210098 Jiangsu Peoples R China Hohai Univ Coll Water Conservancy & Hydropower Engn Nanjing 210098 Jiangsu Peoples R China

To present an alternative simple equation for reference evapotranspiration (ETo) estimation, the symbolic regression (SR) method was applied to establish equations with the same inputs to simple Hargreaves-Samani (HS) equation in arid China. For most of the equations derived by SR method for each station, their performance increased with an increase in the equation complex index (CI). The most precise equation performed well although it was always complex and greatly varied in form. On the other hand, the simplest one was uniform in equation structure and performed slightly better than the HS equation for all the five stations, and sometimes better than the local calibrated HS equation. A trade-off equation was selected with almost the same equation form for all the five stations and low CI index. The site-specific trade-off equation performed better than the simplest one and the locally calibrated HS equation. Then parameters in the trade-off equation were unified for all the five stations, it did not perform as good as the site-specific one, but performed better than the HS equation and unified local calibrated HS equation. Thus, the SR method is suitable to determine both the site-specific and the unified equation among stations for daily ETo calculation in arid regions.

关键词： Reference evapotranspiration Hargreaves-Samani method Symbolic regression Function discovery method

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Effective enzymatic saccharification of dilute NaOH extraction of chestnut shell pretreated by acidified aqueous ethylene glycol media

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INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS 2016年 81卷 129-138页

作者： He, Yu-Cai Liu, Feng Di, Jun-Hua Ding, Yun Zhu, Zheng-Zhong Wu, Yin-Qi Chen, Liang Wang, Cheng Xue, Yu-Feng Chong, Gang-Gang Ma, Cui-Luan Changzhou Univ Coll Pharmaceut Engn & Life Sci Biochem Engn Lab Changzhou Peoples R China Changzhou Univ Coll Pharmaceut Engn & Life Sci Platform Bioethanol Changzhou Peoples R China E China Univ Sci & Technol State Key Lab Bioreactor Engn Shanghai 200237 Peoples R China

Chestnut shell (CNS) is one kind of promising feedstocks for the production of chemicals and biofuels. To effectively utilize CNS, a combined ethylene glycol-HClO4-water (88.8:1.2:10, w/w/w) pretreatment at 130 degrees C for 30min with dilute NaOH (1 wt%) extraction at 90 degrees C for 1 h was employed to pretreat CNS. The porosity, morphology, and crystallinity of the pretreated solid residue were correlated with the enhancement of enzymatic saccharification. It was found that dilute NaOH extraction of CNS pretreated by acidified aqueous ethylene glycol media could be effectively saccharified. After 72 h, the reducing sugars and glucose from the hydrolysis of 50 g/L pretreated CNS by a cocktail of enzymes could be obtained at 77.8% and 65.4% yield, respectively. Finally, the recovered hydrolyzates containing glucose had no inhibitory effects on the ethanol fermenting microorganism. In conclusion, this combination pretreatment has high potential application in future. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Chestnut shell Pretreatment Ethylene glycol NaOH extraction Perchloric acid Saccharification

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Space science & technology partnership forum: Value proposition, strategic framework, and capability needs for in-space assembly

Space science & technology partnership forum: Value proposit...

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AIAA Space and Astronautics Forum and Exposition, 2018

作者： Williams, Phillip A. Dempsey, Jim Hamill, Doris Rodgers, Erica Mullins, Carie Gresham, Elaine Downs, Sean NASA Langley Research Center Space Mission Analysis Branch HamptonVA23681 United States NASA Langley Research Center HamptonVA23681 United States NASA Headquarters WashingtonDC20024 United States Bryce Space and Technology AlexandriaVA22314 United States The University of Colorado Boulder Department of Aerospace Engineering Sciences BoulderCO80309 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781624105753

The Space Science and technology (S&T) Partnership Forum was established in 2015 to identify synergistic efforts and technologies across the government, with a focus on key pervasive and game-changing technologies across government space agencies in order to more efficiently and effectively manage S&T resources. As principal partners of the interagency S&T Partnership Forum, the U.S. Air Force (USAF), the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), and the National Reconnaissance Office (NRO) identified and prioritized several S&T collaboration topic areas. Autonomous and semi-autonomous in-space assembly (iSA) is the focus of the topic area that NASA, under the direction of the Office of Chief Technologist, is currently coordinating among the S&T principal partners and affiliate partners, such as the Defense advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) and the U.S. Naval Research laboratory (NRL). The S&T iSA facilitation and analysis team, led by NASA, collected data from the participating agencies on their current developments, activities, and needs in the area of in-space assembly. This paper provides an overview of the S&T iSA facilitation and analysis team’s efforts in establishing the value proposition and strategic framework for interagency collaboration in iSA within the partnership as a foundation to deliver value and achieve iSA topic objectives across government space agencies. Further, this paper describes the early products of these efforts in the definition of the iSA capabilities, design drivers, and stakeholder goals to facilitate dialogue within the partnership and the larger community. © 2018, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Inc, AIAA. All rights reserved.

关键词： NASA

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Enzymatic in situ saccharification of chestnut shell with high ionic liquid-tolerant cellulases from Galactomyces sp CCZU11-1 in a biocompatible ionic liquid-cellulase media

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BIORESOURCE technology 2016年 201卷 133-139页

作者： He, Yu-Cai Liu, Feng Gong, Lei Di, Jun-Hua Ding, Yun Ma, Cui-Luan Zhang, Dan-Ping Tao, Zhi-Cheng Wang, Cheng Yang, Bin Changzhou Univ Coll Pharmaceut Engn & Life Sci Biochem Engn Lab Platform Bioethanol Changzhou Peoples R China Washington State Univ Dept Biol Syst Engn Bioprod Sci & Engn Lab Richland WA 99354 USA

In this study, it was the first time to report that the cellulases of Galactomyces sp. CCZU11-1 showed high activity and stability in the culture and reaction media containing IL [Mmim]DMP. Using untreated chestnut shell (CNS) as carbon source in the culture media containing IL [Mmim]DMP (5%, w/v), high activity of FPA (28.6 U/mL), xylanase (186.2 U/mL), and CMCase (107.3 U/mL) were obtained, and 184.9 mg/L of total protein was achieved. Furthermore, the changes in the structural features (crystallinity, morphology, and porosity) of the solid residue of CNS utilized with Galactomyces sp. CCZU11-1 were characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. After was enzymatically hydrolyzed with the prepared crude enzymes in IL diluted to 20% (w/v), a high yield of reducing sugars, 62.1%, was obtained. Significantly, Galactomyces sp. CCZU11-1 showed high potential for the efficient transformation of lignocellulosic materials to glucose in a single-step process. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Galactomyces sp CCZU11-1 Ionic liquid Cellulase In situ saccharification Biocompatibility

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Distribution characteristics of inertial sediment particles in the turbulent boundary layer of an open channel flow determined using Voronoi analysis

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2017年第3期32卷 401-409页

作者： Xin Liu Chunning Ji Xiaoli Xu Dong Xu John J.R.Williams State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety Tianjin University Tianjin Research Institute for Water Transport Engineering M.O.T. State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering Sichuan University School of Engineering and Materials Science Queen Mary University of London

This paper presents the numerical investigation of the distribution of inertial sediment particles in the turbulent boundary layer of an open channel flow with the particle Stokes number ranging from 0.6 to 20.4. The methodology is a combination of three numerical approaches, i.e. direct numerical simulation of turbulent flow, the point-particle immersed boundary method, and the discrete particle method. By applying the Vorono analysis, the preferential concentration characteristics of sediment particles were investigated quantitatively. It was found that the normalized area of the Voronoi cells follows a lognormal particle distribution. The inertial sediment particles distributed unevenly in the turbulent boundary layer and the unevenness, governed by the particle Stokes number, was more significant as the particle Stokes number approaches unity. The inertial sediment particles in the turbulent boundary layer accumulated preferentially in streamwise-aligned streaky structures and this pattern was less significant with increasing particle Stokes number.

关键词： Inertial sediment particles Turbulent boundary layers Voronoi analysis Direct numerical simulation

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On Capacity-Based Codebook Design and advanced Decoding for Sparse Code Multiple Access Systems

On Capacity-Based Codebook Design and Advanced Decoding for ...

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作者： Xiao, Kexin Xia, Bin Chen, Zhiyong Xiao, Baicen Chen, Dageng Ma, Shaodan Shanghai Institute for Advanced Communication and Data Science Institute of Wireless Communication Technologies Department of Electronic Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China Institute of Wireless Communication Technologies Department of Electronic Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China Department of Electrical Engineering University of Washington SeattleWA98105 United States Cooperative Medianent Innovation Center Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Digital Media Processing and Transmissions Shanghai200240 China Communications Technology Laboratory Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd. Shanghai201206 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Macau C-Macau999078 China

Sparse code multiple access (SCMA) is a promising non-orthogonal air-interface technology for its ability to support massive connections. In this paper, we design the multiuser codebook and the advanced decoding from the perspective of the theoretical capacity and the system feasibility. First, different from the lattice-based constellation in point-to-point channels, we propose a novel codebook for maximizing the constellation constrained capacity. We optimize a series of 1-D superimposed constellations to construct multi-dimensional codewords. An effective dimensional permutation switching algorithm is proposed to further obtain the capacity gain. Consequently, it shows that the performance of the proposed codebook approaches the Shannon limit and achieves significant gains over the other existing ones. Furthermore, we provide a symbol-based extrinsic information transfer tool to analyze the convergence of SCMA iterative detection, where the complex codewords are considered in modeling the a priori probabilities instead of assuming the binary inputs in previous literature. Finally, to approach the capacity, we develop a low-density parity-check code-based SCMA receiver. Most importantly, by utilizing the EXIT charts, we propose an iterative joint detection and decoding scheme with only partial inner iterations, which exhibits significant performance gain over the traditional one with separate detection and decoding. © 2002-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Iterative decoding

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Effect of the gradient constant temperature on the electrochemical capacitance of cotton stalk-based activated carbon

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JOURNAL OF SOLID state ELECTROCHEMISTRY 2016年第8期20卷 2315-2321页

作者： Li, Wenlong Wumaier, Tuerdi Chen, Mingde Zhang, Ji Liu, Huan Yang, LiQing Wang, Haojing Chinese Acad Sci Xian Inst Opt & Precis Mech State Key Lab Transient Opt & Photon Xian 710119 Shaanxi Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci Beijing 100049 Peoples R China Xinjiang Inst Engn Urumqi 830023 Xinjiang Peoples R China

The cost-effective activated carbon based from waste cotton stalks by the KOH activation method is investigated as the electrode material in supercapacitor for the first time. Activation temperature control is one of the most important factors affecting the surface area and pore structure of activated carbon, and it influences the capacitive performance of activated carbon based from cotton stalk. The optimized conditions are as follows: cotton stalk base charcoals and activating agent with a mass ration of 1:4, at an activation temperature of 600, 700, and 800A degrees C for 1, 1, and 2 h, respectively. With these experimental conditions, the activated carbon presents excellent electrochemical characteristics. The specific capacitance of the prepared activated carbon was as high as 180 F g(-1)at 2 A g(-1) in 1.0 mol center dot L-1 Et4NBF4/AN electrolyte and the specific capacitance without obvious attenuation after 2000 cycles. So, it is reasonable to believe that the activated carbons from cotton stalks by the KOH gradient constant temperature activation method might be one of the innovative carbon electrode materials for supercapacitor.

关键词： Cotton stalk KOH activation Carbon electrodes Electrochemical properties

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SYNTHETIC MINORITY OVERSAMPLING TECHNIQUE AND FRACTAL DIMENSION FOR IDENTIFYING MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS

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FRACTALS-COMPLEX GEOMETRY PATTERNS AND SCALING IN NATURE AND SOCIETY 2017年第4期25卷

作者： Zhang, Yu-Dong Zhang, Yin Phillips, Preetha Dong, Zhengchao Wang, Shuihua Nanjing Normal Univ Sch Comp Sci & Technol Nanjing 210023 Jiangsu Peoples R China Hunan Policy Acad Hunan Prov Key Lab Network Invest Technol Changsha 410138 Hunan Peoples R China Zhongnan Univ Econ & Law Sch Informat & Safety Engn Wuhan 430073 Hubei Peoples R China West Virginia Sch Osteopath Med 400 N Lee St Lewisburg WV 24901 USA Columbia Univ Translat Imaging Div New York NY 10032 USA Columbia Univ MRI Unit New York NY 10032 USA New York State Psychiat Inst & Hosp New York NY 10032 USA CUNY City Coll New York Dept Elect Engn New York NY 10031 USA Kyushu Inst Technol Dept Mech & Control Engn Kitakyushu Fukuoka 8048550 Japan

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a severe brain disease. Early detection can provide timely treatment. Fractal dimension can provide statistical index of pattern changes with scale at a given brain image. In this study, our team used susceptibility weighted imaging technique to obtain 676 MS slices and 880 healthy slices. We used synthetic minority oversampling technique to process the unbalanced dataset. Then, we used Canny edge detector to extract distinguishing edges. The Minkowski-Bouligand dimension was a fractal dimension estimation method and used to extract features from edges. Single hidden layer neural network was used as the classifier. Finally, we proposed a three-segment representation biogeography-based optimization to train the classifier. Our method achieved a sensitivity of 97.78 +/- 1.29%, a specificity of 97.82 +/- 1.60% and an accuracy of 97.80 +/- 1.40%. The proposed method is superior to seven state-of-the-art methods in terms of sensitivity and accuracy.

关键词： Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique Canny Edge Detector Fractal Dimension Minkowski-Bouligand Dimension Box Counting Three-Segment Representation Biogeography-Based Optimization

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Nanogold/Bi₂S₃ Nanorods Catalyzed Silver Deposition for Carbon Nanohorns-Enhanced Electrochemical Immunosensing of Escherichia coli O157:H7

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JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY 2017年第9期164卷 H572-H578页

作者： Zhang, Jing Song, Xinhe Xiong, Zhanbing Dong, Haifeng Wang, Wenchang Chen, Zhidong Changzhou Univ Sch Petrochem Engn Changzhou 213164 Peoples R China Changzhou Univ Jiangsu Key Lab Mat Surface Sci & Technol Changzhou 213164 Jiangsu Peoples R China Univ Sci & Technol Beijing Res Ctr Bioengn & Sensing Technol Beijing 100083 Peoples R China

This work designed an ultrasensitive electrochemical immunosensor for Escherichia coli O157:H7 (E. coli O157:H7) detection using carbon nanohorns as immobilization scaffold and nanogold/ Bi2S3 nanorods (Au/Bi(2)S(3)NRs) as a signal tag to catalyze silver deposition for signal amplification. Au/Bi(2)S(3)NRs prepared by in situ growth of nanogold on Bi2S3 nanorods was used as a tracing tag to label signal antibody, which induced silver deposition for anodicstripping analysis. The immunosensor was constructed by immobilizing capture antibody on carbon nanohorns modified electrode with the aid of polyethylene glycol film. Through a sandwich-type immunoreaction, Au/ Bi(2)S(3)NRs tags were captured on the immunoconjugates to induce a silver deposition process. The electrochemical stripping signal of the deposited silver was used to monitor the immunoreaction. The Au/ Bi(2)S(3)NRs-mediated silver enhancement along with the carbon nanohorns-promoted electron transfer led to high detection sensitivity of E. coli O157:H7 antigen. Under the optimal conditions, the immunosensor exhibited a wide linear dependence on the logarithm of the concentration of E. coli ranging from 40 to 2.0 x 10(6) cfu mL(-1) with a detection limit of 6 cfu mL(-1). Moreover, the proposed sensor was successfully applied in the detection of E. coli O157: H7 in real samples indicating its possibility in practical application. (C) 2017 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.

关键词： Nanorods

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Industrially relevant hydrolyzability and fermentability of sugarcane bagasse improved effectively by glycerol organosolv pretreatment

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BIOtechnology FOR BIOFUELS 2016年第1期9卷 1-13页

作者： Sun, Fubao Fuelbiol Zhao, Xiaoqin Hong, Jiapeng Tang, Yanjun Wang, Liang Sun, Haiyan Li, Xiang Hu, Jinguang Jiangnan Univ Sch Biotechnol Key Lab Ind Biotechnol Minist Educ Wuxi 214122 Peoples R China S China Univ Technol State Key Lab Pulp & Paper Engn Guangzhou 510640 Guangdong Peoples R China Zhejiang Sci Tech Univ Key Lab Adv Text Mat & Mfg Technol Minist Educ Hangzhou 310018 Zhejiang Peoples R China Henan Tianguan Grp Co Ltd State Key Lab Motor Vehicle Biofuel Technol Nanyang 473000 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Trop Agr Sci Inst Trop Biosci & Biotechnol Haikou 571101 Peoples R China Univ British Columbia Wood Sci Dept Forestry Prod Biotechnol Bioenergy Grp 2424 Main Mall Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4 Canada

Background: Previous work has demonstrated that glycerol organosolv pretreatment can effectively improve the hydrolyzability of various lignocellulosic substrates. This pretreatment process strategy is ideal to integrate a commercially successful lignocellulosic and vegetable oil biorefinery industry. However, industrially relevant high-solid-loading hydrolyzability and fermentability of the pretreated substrates have yet to be considered for enzyme-based lignocellulosic biorefineries. Results: In this study, an AGO pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse was evaluated with regard to the component selectivity, structural modification, hydrolyzability, and fermentation of pretreated substrates. The results showed that the AGO pretreatment presented good component selectivity, removing approximately 70 % lignin and hemicellulose, respectively, from sugarcane bagasse with a near-intact preservation (94 %) of the overall cellulose. The pretreatment deconstructed the recalcitrant architecture of natural lignocellulosic biomass, thereby modifying the structure at the macro-/micrometer level (fiber size, surface area, average size, roughness) and supermolecular level (key chemical bond dissociation) of lignocellulosic substrates towards good hydrolyzability. Notably, extraordinarily few fermentation inhibitors (<0.2 g furfural and 5-hydromethyl furfural/kg feedstock) were generated from the AGO pretreatment process, which was apparently due to the prominent role of glycerol organic solvent in protecting monosaccharides against further degradation. The 72-h enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated substrates at 15 % solid content achieved 90 % completion with Cellic CTec2 at 10 FPU/g dried substrate. With a simple nutrition (only 10 g/L (NH4)(2)SO4) addition, the fed-batch semi-SSF of AGO-pretreated substrates (30 % solid content) almost reached 50 g/L ethanol with cellulase preparation at 10 FPU/g dried substrate. These results have revealed that the pretreated substrate is susceptibl

关键词： Atmospheric glycerol organosolv pretreatment Sugarcane bagasse Structural feature Furfural and 5-hydromethyl furfural Enzymatic hydrolysis Ethanol fermentation

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