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Two-Step Deep Learning Approach for Estimating Vegetation Backscatter: A Case Study of Soybean Fields

REMOTE SENSING 2025年第1期17卷 41-41页

作者： Zhu, Dong Zhao, Peng Zhao, Qiang Li, Qingliang Zhang, Jinpeng Yang, Lixia Anhui Univ Informat Mat & Intelligent Sensing Lab Anhui Prov Hefei 230601 Peoples R China China Res Inst Radiowave Propagat Natl Key Lab Electromagnet Environm Qingdao 266108 Peoples R China

Precisely predicting vegetation backscatter involves various challenges, such as complex vegetation structure, soil-vegetation interaction, and data availability. Deep learning (DL) works as a powerful tool to analyze complex data and approximate the nonlinear relationship between variables, thus exhibiting potential applications in microwave scattering problems. However, few DL-based approaches have been developed to reproduce vegetation backscatters owing to the lack of acquiring a large amount of training data. Motivated by a relatively accurate single-scattering radiative transfer model (SS-RTM) and radar measurements, we, for the first time to our knowledge, introduce a transfer learning (TL)-based approach to estimate the radar backscatter of vegetation canopy in the case of soybean fields. The proposed approach consists of two steps. In the first step, a simulated dataset was generated by the SS-RTM. Then, we pre-trained two baseline networks, namely, a deep neural network (DNN) and long short-term memory network (LSTM), using the simulated dataset. In the second step, limited measured data were utilized to fine-tune the previously pre-trained networks on the basis of TL strategy. Extensive experiments, conducted on both simulated data and in situ measurements, revealed that the proposed two-step TL-based approach yields a significantly better and more robust performance than SS-RTM and other DL schemes, indicating the feasibility of such an approach in estimating vegetation backscatters. All these outcomes provide a new path for addressing complex microwave scattering problems.

关键词： backscattering coefficient radiative transfer model soybean field transfer learning deep neural network long short-term memory network

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Integrating Pt single atoms and Mo into PtNi/C through Mo doping-displacement synchronisation strategy for enhanced HER at all pH values

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FUEL 2025年 381卷

作者： Zhang, Chao Liu, Qian Ming, Shujun Wang, Chao Lv, Zhiguo Zhuang, Tao Qingdao Univ Sci & Technol Coll Chem Engn State Key Lab Base Ecochem Engn Key Lab Multiphase Flow React & Separat Engn Shand Qingdao 266042 Peoples R China Huanggang Normal Univ Sch Chem & Chem Engn Hubei Key Lab Proc & Applicat Catalyt Mat Huanggang 438000 Peoples R China Wuhan Univ Technol State Key Lab Adv Technol Mat Synth & Proc Wuhan 430070 Peoples R China Qingdao Univ Sci & Technol Key Lab Rubber Plast Shandong Prov Key Lab Rubber plast Minist Educ Qingdao 266042 Peoples R China

This paper proposes a Mo doping-displacement synchronization strategy to integrate Pt SAs and Mo atoms into PtNi/C, synthesizing Pt SAs/Mo-doped PtNi octahedra/carbon support catalyst (Pt SAs/Mo-PtNi/C). In this approach, Mo atoms are doped into PtNi alloy octahedra and displace some Pt atoms, forming Mo-PtNi octahedra. Importantly, the substituted Pt atoms can adhere to carbon substrate, creating Pt SAs. Pt SAs/Mo-PtNi/C exhibits lower overpotentials (38, 59, and 110 mV at 10 mA cm(-2) ) and smaller Tafel slopes (44, 51, and 139 mV dec-1) in acidic, alkaline, and neutral environments. Additionally, the electron pathway of Mo-PtNi -> Pt SAs/C has been confirmed, and Pt SAs/Mo-PtNi/C exhibits an optimized hydrogen adsorption energy (Delta GH*=-0.29 eV). Furthermore, catalyzed by Pt SAs/Mo-PtNi/C, the H-O bond length of H2O extends to 1.11 angstrom and the bond angle reduces to 102.741 degrees, directly confirming that the Pt SAs and doped Mo could facilitate H-O bond breaking. The proposed Mo doping-displacement synchronization strategy not only simplifies the fabrication process of Pt SAs catalyst, but also improves its durability and activity across a wide pH range, thereby potentially advancing hydrogen production technologies.

关键词： Pt single atoms Mo PtNi alloy HER Synchronisation strategy

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Fabrication and Tribological Properties of Epoxy Nanocomposites Reinforced by MoS2 Nanosheets and Aligned MWCNTs

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MATERIALS 2024年第19期17卷 4745页

作者： Tong, Zhe Du, Jiaxuan Li, Xiangmeng Liu, Zeyu Yan, Chao Lei, Wenxing North Univ China Sch Mech Engn Taiyuan 030051 Peoples R China Shanxi Key Lab Adv Mfg Technol Taiyuan 030051 Peoples R China Shanxi Jiangyang Chem Ltd Taiyuan 030041 Peoples R China

The epoxy nanocomposites reinforced by MoS2 nanosheets and aligned multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were fabricated by DC electric field inducement. The epoxy nanocomposites achieved improvement in the tribological properties with the addition of randomly dispersed MoS2 and MWCNTs compared to the pure epoxy. Furthermore, the epoxy nanocomposites exhibit anisotropic tribological and mechanical properties when the MWCNTs are aligned in the composites. The tribological properties of epoxy nanocomposites containing 1 wt% MoS2 and aligned 1.2 wt% MWCNTs achieved the maximum improvement when the sliding direction is perpendicular to the axial direction of MWCNTs. Compared to random MoS2 nanosheets and random MWCNTs reinforced epoxy nanocomposites, the friction coefficient and wear rate of random MoS2 and aligned MWCNTs reinforced epoxy nanocomposites decreased by 11.3 and 66.7% under a load of 5 N, respectively. The increased thermal conductivity and mechanical properties, higher surface content of nanoparticles, as well as unique alignment mode of MWCNTs are considered to be the main reasons for the improvement of tribological properties of epoxy nanocomposites.

关键词： epoxy nanocomposites electric field inducement aligned MWCNTs tribological properties

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Online Pricing With Reserve Price Constraint for Personal Data Markets

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON KNOWLEDGE AND DATA engineering 2022年第4期34卷 1928-1943页

作者： Niu, Chaoyue Zheng, Zhenzhe Wu, Fan Tang, Shaojie Chen, Guihai Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ Dept Comp Sci & Engn Shanghai Key Lab Scalable Comp & Syst Shanghai 200240 Peoples R China Univ Texas Dallas Naveen Jindal Sch Management Richardson TX 75080 USA

The society's insatiable appetites for personal data are driving the emergence of data markets, allowing data consumers to launch customized queries over the datasets collected by a data broker from data owners. In this paper, we study how the data broker can maximize its cumulative revenue by posting reasonable prices for sequential queries. We thus propose a contextual dynamic pricing mechanism with the reserve price constraint, which features the properties of ellipsoid for efficient online optimization and can support linear and non-linear market value models with uncertainty. In particular, under low uncertainty, the proposed pricing mechanism attains a worst-case cumulative regret logarithmic in the number of queries. We further extend our approach to support other similar application scenarios, including hospitality service and online advertising, and extensively evaluate all three use cases over MovieLens 20M dataset, Airbnb listings in U.S. major cities, and Avazu mobile ad click dataset, respectively. The analysis and evaluation results reveal that: (1) our pricing mechanism incurs low practical regret, while the latency and memory overhead incurred is low enough for online applications;and (2) the existence of reserve price can mitigate the cold-start problem in a posted price mechanism, thereby reducing the cumulative regret.

关键词： Pricing Data privacy Uncertainty Data models Estimation Noise measurement Ellipsoids Personal data market revenue maximization contextual dynamic pricing reserve price ellipsoid

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Ionic Gel Electrolytes for Electrochromic Devices

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ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024年第37期16卷 48927-48936页

作者： Ma, Baoyi Tang, Liang Zhang, Yan Li, Zhiyong Zhang, Jun Zhang, Shiguo Hunan Univ Coll Mat Sci & Engn State Key Lab Adv Design & Mfg Technol Vehicle Changsha 410004 Peoples R China Henan Normal Univ Sch Chem & Chem Engn Xinxiang 453007 Peoples R China

Ionic gels are emerging as a promising solution for improving the functionality of electrochromic devices. They are increasingly drawing attention in the fields of electrochemistry and functional materials due to their potential to address issues associated with traditional liquid electrolytes, such as volatility, toxicity, and leakage. In extreme scenarios and/or the design of flexible devices, ionic gel electrolytes offer unique and invaluable advantages. This perspective delves into the application of ionic gels in electrochromic devices, exploring various methods to enhance their performance. After briefly introducing developments in ionic gels for electrochromic devices, the trends and key points of future development are discussed in detail.

关键词： ionic gels electrolytes electrochromic devices ionic liquids enhanced conductivity wideoperating temperature range adhesion and self-healing smart window

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Space-Time Coordinated Scheduling Approach in Computing Power Optical Networks 22

Space-Time Coordinated Scheduling Approach in Computing Powe...

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22nd International Conference on Optical Communications and Networks, ICOCN 2024

作者： Wu, Guiping Lin, Xiao Lin, Huihuang Hong, Zhixiang Zhang, Jia Chen, Zhen Li, Jun Sun, Weiqiang Lou, Zhilan College of Physics and Information Engineering Fuzhou University Fuzhou China Shanghai Jiao Tong University State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks Shanghai China School of Electronic and Information Engineering Soochow University Suzhou China School of Data Sciences Zhejiang University of Finance and Economics Hangzhou China

In this paper, an STC-SnF approach is presented to schedule bulk data transfers across the CPON. Studies show it can ensure the coordinated space-time relation of bandwidth fragments and hence benefit the SnF scheduli... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9798350367652

关键词： Computing power

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Sheet-like garnet structure design for upgrading PEO-based electrolyte

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CHEMICAL engineering JOURNAL 2022年 429卷 132343-132343页

作者： Cheng, Jun Hou, Guangmei Chen, Qiong Li, Deping Li, Kaikai Yuan, Qunhui Wang, Jiajun Ci, Lijie Harbin Inst Technol Shenzhen Sch Mat Sci & Engn State Key Lab Adv Welding & Joining Shenzhen 518055 Peoples R China Shandong Univ Sch Mat Sci & Engn Res Ctr Carbon Nanomat Key Lab Liquid Solid Struct Evolut Proc Mat Minis Jinan 250061 Peoples R China Harbin Inst Technol Sch Chem & Chem Engn MIIT Key Lab Crit Mat Technol New Energy Convers Harbin 150001 Peoples R China

Polyoxyethylene (PEO)-based electrolyte is one of the most promising solid-state electrolyte (SSE) candidates for all-solid-state batteries due to its high flexible and salt solubility. Recently, morphological control on active fillers is confirmed as a critical issue affecting the performance of SSE. However, the lack of comprehensive research is hindering the understanding over the growth mechanism of the structured active fillers. Especially, compared with other dimensions, the studies on the growth mechanism of two-dimensional (2D) active fillers are quite limited due to the difficulties in physical methods such as exfoliation. Herein, sheet-like LLZAO (Li6.25La3Zr2Al0.25O12) (SL) is synthesized by bottom-up method to upgrade PEO matrix (SL@PEO). In addition, the growth mechanism of SL is proposed, which provides a new sight for morphology control over inorganic solid electrolytes. The SL structure provides continuous interfaces between the fillers and the polymer matrix, which ensures rapid diffusion of lithium ions. In addition, the SL can provide more nature barriers for electrolyte to suppress the lithium dendrites growth. The lithium symmetric cells adopting SL@PEO present prolonged cycling stability and higher critical current density compared with the control samples. The assembled all-solid-state LiFePO4/SL@PEO/Li batteries exhibit superior cycling stability and rate capability.

关键词： Sheet-like LLZO PEO-based electrolyte Lithium dendrites suppression Cycling stability

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FIRST-PRINCIPLES STUDY ON ADSORPTION REACTION OF OXYGEN MOLECULES ON FE (110) CRYSTAL SURFACE 29

FIRST-PRINCIPLES STUDY ON ADSORPTION REACTION OF OXYGEN MOLE...

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2022 29th International Conference on Nuclear engineering, ICONE 2022

作者： Xiaochuan, Zeng Xuejun, Li Cuizhu, He Qiaodan, Hu State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Power Safety Monitoring Technology and Equipment China Nuclear Power Engineering Co. Ltd Shenzhen China Institution of advanced materials and solidification Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China

ISBN: (纸本)9780791886472

The adsorption reaction between oxygen (O2) molecule and ferrum (Fe) (110) crystal surface in the oxidation process of Fe surface was studied by using the first-principles method. The differential charge density analysis of the adsorption sites of oxygen molecule on Fe (110) crystal surface, the calculation of adsorption energy at different sites and the analysis of electronic density of states showed that the stable adsorption position of oxygen molecule was parallel to Fe (110) crystal surface, and the oxygen atom tended to adsorb at the triangular gap of Fe atoms. The electronic structure of the adsorption system showed that the 2p electron orbital of oxygen atom plays a major role in the adsorption, and only O-Fe electron interaction exists when oxygen molecule is adsorbed in the parallel orientation, which makes the whole Fe (110) crystal surface lose electrons, increase the system potential and the risk of electrochemical corrosion. The research conclusions can provide theoretical support for the further insight in the oxidation corrosion mechanism of nuclear metal surface. Copyright © 2022 by ASME.

关键词： Electronic structure

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Voltage plateau variation in a bismuth-potassium battery

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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A 2022年第6期10卷 2917-2923页

作者： Yao, Xuhui Olsson, Emilia Zhao, Jun Feng, Wencong Luo, Wen Tan, Shuangshuang Huang, Meng Zhao, Yunlong Huang, Jianyu Cai, Qiong Mai, Liqiang Wuhan Univ Technol Sch Mat Sci & Engn State Key Lab Adv Technol Mat Synth & Proc Wuhan 430070 Peoples R China Univ Surrey Adv Technol Inst Guildford GU2 7XH Surrey England Univ Surrey Dept Chem & Proc Engn Guildford GU2 7XH Surrey England Yanshan Univ Clean Nano Energy Ctr State Key Lab Metastable Mat Sci & Technol Qinhuangdao 066004 Hebei Peoples R China

Voltage plateau is an eigenvalue associated with the electrochemical reaction and hence a feasible tool for real-time detection of the state of charge in batteries. The variation of voltage plateau generally relates to the degradation of batteries, indicating the changes in the structure and/or the composition of electrode materials. In this work, we focus on a voltage plateau variation in a bismuth-potassium cell, investigating the electrode evolutions by two in situ methodologies. The phase transition reveals an intermediate phase in the reaction process, featuring a very limited but constant mass fraction. An irreversible structural collapse that follows leads to the exponential magnifying of the intermediate phase, taking responsibility for the distinct diffraction peaks and new voltage plateaus in the following cycles. This reaction mechanism builds the bridge between voltage plateau variation and electrode evolution, highlighting a combined effect of intermediate phase and structural collapse.

关键词： Potassium

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Investigation on high-temperature stability of Ni60A alloy coating on copper substrate fabricated by plasma cladding

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MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS 2022年 287卷

作者： Zhang, Chao Wang, Ruidong Zhang, Jun Hu, Rong Zhang, Yuwen Li, Guangshi Lu, Xionggang Shanghai Univ State Key Lab Adv Special Steel Shanghai 200444 Peoples R China Shanghai Univ Shanghai Key Lab Adv Ferrometallurgy Shanghai 200444 Peoples R China Shanghai Univ Sch Mat Sci & Engn Shanghai 200444 Peoples R China

To investigate the service stability, the plasma cladding Ni60A coating on copper surface was heat-treated at 600 degrees C for a long time in air. The evolution of the surface morphology, microstructure, hardness and wear resistance of the coating was systematically investigated. After heat treatment, a thin NiO oxide layer formed on the coating surface, but its thickness did not increase with the extension of heat treatment time, indicating the good oxidation resistance of the coating. Heat treatment had no obvious effect on the phase composition and distribution of the coating. Only the crystal grains of gamma-(Cu, Fe, Ni) solid solution and part of Cr23C6 reinforcing phase tended to grow up under the action of heat. The coarsening of the microstructure led to a slight decrease in hardness and wear resistance. The thin NiO oxide layer had less protective effect on the coating surface, because it was easily damaged during the friction process. Compared with the coating before heat treatment, the wear resistance after heat treatment for 30 days was only reduced by 1.3 times, which was still 3.95 times that of the copper substrate, indicating that the coating can basically maintain good stability in a high-temperature air environment.

关键词： Ni60A alloy Copper substrate Stability Heat treatment Wear resistance

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