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The desertification process alters soil microbial metabolic limitations and their effects on soil carbon sequestration in a Tibetan alpine steppe

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2025年第3期24卷 845-858页

作者： Jialuo Yu Peili Shi Ning Zong Yongxing Cui Ge Hou Xueying Chen Tiancai Zhou Xiaofang Huang Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modelling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Institute of Biology Free University of BerlinBerlin 14195Germany State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Resources and Environment(TPESRE)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Tibetan alpine steppes are large and sensitive terrestrial carbon(C)reservoirs that are experiencing desertification due to global change and overgrazing,which can lead to stronger resource limitations for both above-and belowground *** nutrients,especially nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P),are the crucial resources for plant growth and microbial ***,whether both plant and soil microbial communities in the degraded alpine steppes are limited by these soil nutrients remains unclear,which limits our understanding of the mechanisms of desertification and subsequent ecosystem ***,we evaluated potential nutrient limitations of the plant and soil microbial communities in the alpine steppe across five stages of desertification using stoichiometry-based *** results showed that soil microbial metabolism was mainly limited by C and P,and the plant N limitation and microbial C limitation were intensified while the microbial P limitation was relieved during ***-soil-microbe interactions had significant impacts on the microbial C and P limitations,explaining 72 and 61% of the variation,***,desertification ultimately affected microbial metabolic limitations by regulating soil pH,soil nutrients,and the plant N ***,the microbial C limitation further reduced microbial C use efficiency(CUE)with desertification,which is detrimental for organic C retention in the degraded ***,this study revealed that microbial metabolic limitations through plant-microbe interactions were the key drivers affecting soil microbial CUE,and it provided insights that can advance our knowledge of the microbial regulation of nutrient cycles and C sequestration.

关键词： desertification gradient ecoenzymatic stoichiometry microbial metabolic limitation carbon use efficiency alpine steppe

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A Simulation Study to Assess Impacts of Habitat-Dependent Parameters of Surplus Production Model on Stock Assessment of Chilean Jack Mackerel in the Southeast Pacific Ocean

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Journal of Ocean University of china 2025年第1期24卷 169-181页

作者： LI Gang CAO Yangming CAO Jie CHEN Xinjun ZOU Xiaorong College of Marine Science Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai 201306China National Engineering Research Center for Oceanic Fisheries Shanghai 201306China The Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources Ministry of EducationShanghai 201306China Department of Applied Ecology Center for Marine Sciences and TechnologyNorth Carolina State UniversityMorehead CityNC 28557USA

Pelagic fish are the most abundant species in upwelling regions,contributing 25%of total global fisheries ***-driven changes in the marine environment play a crucial role in their population *** Chilean jack mackerel(Trachurus murphyi)as an example,this study conducted simulations to quantify the impacts of environmental variations on the stock assessment.A habitat-based surplus production model was developed by integrating suitable habitat area into the model parameters carrying capacity(K)and intrinsic growth rate(r),with a suitable habitat area serving as the proxy for the environmental conditions for Chilean jack mackerel in the Southeast Pacific *** dynamics of Chilean jack mackerel stock and fisheries data were simulated,and four assessment models with different configurations were built to fit simulated data,with or without considering environmental *** results indicated that Joint K-r model,which integrated both parameters with the suitable habitat area index,outperformed the others by coming closest to the‘true'population *** habitat variations in the estimation model tended to overestimate biomass and underestimate harvest rate and reference *** observation and process error,the results were estimated with bias,while FMSY is relatively *** research illustrates the importance to consider random errors and environmental influences on populations,and provides foundation guidelines for future stock assessment.

关键词： Trachurus murphyi simulations suitable habitat area stock assessment errors Southeast Pacific Ocean

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Silkworm pupa peptide ameliorates dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis by enhancing gut barriers and modifying gut flora

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2025年第2期14卷 758-768页

作者： Yaxi Zhou Diandian Wang Hao Duan Shiqi Zhou Jinhong Guo Yu Guo Jian Zhao Wenjie Yan Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Food College of Biochemical EngineeringBeijing Union UniversityBeijing 100023China

The anti-inflammatory properties of silkworm pupa peptide(SPP)have been recognized for their potential benefits in colitis ***,the underlying mechanism of SPP in colitis animal models remains *** objective of our work was to investigate the improving effect and the mechanism of action of SPP on a mouse model of dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-induced *** findings suggested that SPP effectively eased ulcerative colitis(UC)symptoms in mice by decreasing disease activity index,ameliorating histopathological injury,and decreasing serum and colonic markers of *** addition,our research findings demonstrated that SPP restored intestinal barrier function by increasing the production of tight junction proteins such as zonula occludens-1(ZO-1),claudin-1,claudin-3,occludin,and adherens junction protein ***,SPP supplementation enhanced the concentration of short-chain fatty acids and positively altered the makeup of the gut bacteria in the mice's *** findings underscore SPP's ability to slow the progression of colitis and point to its possible use as a functional component in dietary supplements for the prevention of early-stage colitis.

关键词： Silkworm pupa peptide Ulcerative colitis Intestinal barrier Gut flora Short-chain fatty acids

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Integrated multi-omics reveals contrasting epigenetic patterns in leaf and root morphogenesis in Aegilops speltoides

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The Crop Journal 2025年第1期13卷 292-298页

作者： Lingfeng Miao Zhe Chen Lifeng Gao Jizeng Jia Weilong Guo Guangyao Zhao Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding the National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic ImprovementInstitute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and UtilizationBeijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Aegilops speltoides,the closest ancestor of the wheat B subgenome,has been well studied ***,the epigenetic landscape of *** and the effects of epigenetics on its growth and development remain poorly ***,we present a comprehensive multi-omics atlas of leaves and roots in ***,encompassing transcriptome,DNA methylation,histone modifications,and small RNA *** DNA methylation levels were detected between leaves and roots,and were associated with differences in accumulated 24-nt *** methylation changes in promoters and gene bodies showed strong connections with altered expression between leaves and *** regulatory networks(TRN)reconstructed between leaves and roots were driven by tissue-specific TF *** methylation and histone modification act together as switches that shape root and leaf morphogenesis by modulating the binding of tissue-specific TFs to their target *** TRNs in leaves and roots reshaped during wheat polyploidization were associated with alterations in epigenetic ***,these results not only shed light on the critical contribution of epigenetic regulation in the morphogenesis of leaves and roots in *** but also provide new insights for future investigations into the complex interplay of genetic and epigenetic factors in the developmental biology of common wheat.

关键词： Aegilops speltoides DNA methylation Histone modification Transcriptional regulatory network

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D‑mannose alleviates intervertebral disc degeneration through glutamine metabolism

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Military Medical research 2025年第3期12卷 313-338页

作者： Zheng-Lin Dong Xin Jiao Zeng-Guang Wang Kai Yuan Yi-Qi Yang Yao Wang Yun-Tao Li Tian-Chang Wang Tian-You Kan Jian Wang Hai-Rong Tao Department of Orthopedics Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic ImplantShanghai Ninth People’s HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200011China School of Medicine Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China

Background:Intervertebral disc degeneration(IVDD)is a multifaceted condition characterized by heterogeneity,wherein the balance between catabolism and anabolism in the extracellular matrix of nucleus pulposus(NP)cells plays a central ***,the available treatments primarily focus on relieving symptoms associated with IVDD without offering an effective cure targeting its underlying pathophysiological processes.D-mannose(referred to as mannose)has demonstrated anti-catabolic properties in various ***,its therapeutic potential in IVDD has yet to be ***:The study began with optimizing the mannose concentration for restoring NP *** analyses were employed to identify the mediators influenced by mannose,with the thioredoxin-interacting protein(TXNIP)gene showing the most significant ***,small interfering RNA(siRNA)technology was used to demonstrate that TXNIP is the key gene through which mannose exerts its *** such as colocalization analysis,molecular docking,and overexpression assays further confirmed the direct regulatory relationship between mannose and *** elucidate the mechanism of action of mannose,metabolomics techniques were employed to pinpoint glutamine as a core metabolite affected by ***,various methods,including integrated omics data and the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)database,were used to validate the one-way pathway through which TXNIP regulates ***,the therapeutic effect of mannose on IVDD was validated,elucidating the mechanistic role of TXNIP in glutamine metabolism in both intradiscal and orally treated ***:In both in vivo and in vitro experiments,it was discovered that mannose has potent efficacy in alleviating IVDD by inhibiting *** a mechanistic standpoint,it was shown that mannose exerts its anti-catabolic effects by directly targeting the transcription factor max-like protein X-interacting protein(MondoA),re

关键词： D-mannose Intervertebral disc degeneration(IVDD) Thioredoxin-interacting protein(TXNIP) Glutamine

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Untargeted metabolomics combined with 16S rRNA sequencing reveals the characteristics of intestinal metabolism and gut microbiota in hazelnut Cor a 14-allergic BALB/c mice

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2025年第2期14卷 692-705页

作者： Chen Chen Kaiyu Mu Qiang Xie Wentong Xue College of Food and Bioengineering Zhengzhou University of Light IndustryZhengzhou 450001China College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China

Cor a 14 is one of the most vital allergens in ***,the features of intestinal metabolites and microbiota associated with Cor a 14-induced allergy remain *** this study,we established a hazelnut Cor a 14-allergic BALB/c mice model,which was distinguished by the dropped temperature and enhanced allergic inflammatory factor levels in *** were collected to detect characteristics of the intestinal metabolites by untargeted metabolomics and the gut microbiota by 16S rRNA ***α-andβ-diversity of gut microbiota in Cor a 14-allergic mice differed from the controls with elevated relative abundance of Lactobacillus and reduced relative abundances of Odoribacter,Chloroplast,Alistipes and Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_*** metabolomics results revealed that 238 significantly differential metabolites(111 up-regulated,127 down-regulated)were identified,of which,L-tryptophan,histamine and N-acetylhistamine were remarkably accumulated and primarily enriched in the enhanced L-tryptophan and histidine metabolism *** correlation analysis suggested that L-tryptophan was positively correlated with allergic indicators and screened as the potential biomarker for Cor a 14 ***,our findings uncovered the characteristics of intestinal metabolites and gut microbiota during Cor a 14 anaphylaxis and provided new potential insights for diagnosis of hazelnut allergy.

关键词： Food allergy Hazelnuts Cor a 14 Untargeted metabolomics Gut microbiota L-Tryptophan

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Automatic body condition scoring system for dairy cows in group state based on improved YOLOv5 and video analysis

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Artificial Intelligence in Agriculture 2025年第2期15卷 350-362页

作者： Jingwen Li Pengbo Zeng Shuai Yue Zhiyang Zheng Lifeng Qin Huaibo Song College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100ShaanxiChina Key Laboratory of Agricultural Internet of Things Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsYangling 712100ShaanxiChina Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Perception and Intelligent Service Yangling 712100ShaanxiChina

This study proposes an automated scoring system for cow body condition using improved YOLOv5 to assess the body condition distribution of herd cows,which significantly impacts herd productivity and feeding management.A dataset was created by capturing images of the cow's hindquarters using an image sensor at the entrance of the milking *** system enhances feature extraction ability by introducing dual path networks and convolutional block attention modules and improves efficiency by replacing some modules from the standard YOLOv5s with deep separable convolution to reduce ***,the system employs an automatic detection and segmentation algorithm to achieve individual cow segmentation and body condition acquisition in the ***,the system computes the body condition distribution of cows in a group *** experimental findings demonstrate that the proposed model outperforms the original YOLOv5 network with higher accuracy and fewer computations and *** precision,recall,and mean average precision of the model are 94.3%,92.5%,and 91.8%,*** algorithm achieved an overall detection rate of 94.2%for individual cow segmentation and body condition acquisition in the video,with a body condition scoring accuracy of 92.5%among accurately detected cows and an overall body condition scoring accuracy of 87.1%across the 10 video tests.

关键词： BCS Distribution statistics YOLOv5 Segmentation algorithm Dairy cows

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Abundant geographical divergence of Clostridioides difficile infection in china: a prospective multicenter cross-sectional study

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BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2025年第1期25卷 1-14页

作者： Bai, Lulu Xu, Telong Zhang, Wenzhu Jiang, Yajun Gu, Wenpeng Zhao, Wei Luan, Yang Xiong, Yanfeng Zou, Nianli Zhang, Yalin Luo, Ming Lu, Jinxing Zhang, Bike Wu, Yuan Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Natl Inst Communicable Dis Control & Prevent Natl Key Lab Intelligent Tracking & Forecasting In Beijing 102206 Peoples R China Inst Acute Infect Dis Control & Prevent Yunnan Prov Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Kunming 650500 Yunnan Peoples R China Jilin Prov Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Changchun 132001 Jilin Peoples R China Xian Municipal Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Xian 710054 Shaanxi Peoples R China Ganzhou Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Ganzhou 341000 Peoples R China Zigong Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Zigong 643002 Sichuan Peoples R China Hainan Prov Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Haikou 570203 Hainan Peoples R China Yulin Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Yulin 537006 Guangxi Peoples R China

Clostridioides difficile is the predominant pathogen in hospital-acquired infections and antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Dedicated networks and annual reports for C. difficile surveillance have been established in Europe and North America, however the extensive investigation on the prevalence of C. difficile infection (CDI) in china is limited. In this study, 1528 patients with diarrhea were recruited from seven geographically representative regions of china between July 2021 and July 2022. The positivity rate of toxigenic C. difficile using real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR test of feces was 10.2% (156/1528), and 125 (8.2%, 125/1528) strains were successfully isolated. The isolates from different geographical areas had divergent characteristics after multilocus sequence typing, toxin gene profiling, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. No isolate from clade 2 were found, and clade 1 was still the main clade for these clinical isolates. Interestingly, clade 4, especially ST37, previously known as the characteristic type of china, showed a strong geographical divergence. Clade 3, although rare in china, has been detected in Hainan and Sichuan provinces. Most C. difficile isolates (76.8%, 96/125) were toxigenic. Clindamycin, erythromycin, and moxifloxacin were the top three antibiotics to which resistance was observed, with resistance rates of 81.3%, 63.6%, and 24.0%, respectively. Furthermore, 34 (27.2%, 34/125) multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains were identified. All the strains were sensitive to metronidazole, vancomycin, and meropenem. The genotype of C. difficile varies greatly among the different geographical regions in china, and new types are constantly emerging. Therefore, comprehensive, longitudinal, and standardized surveillance of C. difficile infections is needed in china, covering typical geographical areas.

关键词： Clostridioides difficile infections Molecular epidemiology Multilocus sequence typing Toxin gene profile Antimicrobial susceptibility

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Ten key issues for ecological restoration of territorial space

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national Science Review 2024年第7期11卷 75-79页

作者： Jian Peng Dongmei Xu Zihan Xu Hui Tang Hong Jiang Jianquan Dong Yanxu Liu Technology Innovation Center for Integrated Ecosystem Restoration and Sustainable Utilization Ministry of Natural Resources College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Peking University School of Soil and Water Conservation Beijing Forestry University Key Laboratory for Environmental and Urban Sciences School of Urban Planning and DesignShenzhen Graduate School Peking University School of Landscape Architecture Beijing Forestry University State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Faculty of Geographical Science Beijing Normal University

Ecological restoration is an effective measure to protect biodiversity, sustain ecosystem services and enhance socialecological resilience. It is defined as the process of assisting the recovery of an ecosystem that h... 详细信息

关键词： ecological space issues restoration territorial

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GRAIN SIZE ON CHROMOSOME 2 orchestrates phytohormone, sugar signaling and energy metabolism to confer thermal resistance in rice

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PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2025年第1期177卷 e70113页

作者： Li, Guangyan Wang, Huanran Li, Hubo Feng, Baohua Fu, Weimeng Ma, Jiaying Li, Juncai Wu, Zhihai Islam, Md Rezaul Chen, Tingting Zhang, Hongcheng Wei, Haiyan Tao, Longxing Fu, Guanfu China Natl Rice Res Inst State Key Lab Rice Biol & Breeding Hangzhou Peoples R China Yangzhou Univ Res Inst Rice Ind Engn Technol Jiangsu Coinnovat Ctr Modern Prod Technol Grain Cr Jiangsu Key Lab Crop Genet & PhysiolAgr Coll Yangzhou Peoples R China Jilin Agr Univ Agron Coll Changchun Peoples R China Minist Agr Dept Agr Extens Dhaka Bangladesh

GRAIN SIZE ON CHROMOSOME 2 (GS2) has been reported to enhance rice grain yield and confer tolerance to cold, drought, and salt stress, but its function in heat tolerance of rice remains undocumented. This study aimed to investigate whether GS2 could enhance thermal tolerance by subjecting rice seedlings of Huazhan (HZ) and its near-isogenic line (HZ-GS2) to heat stress. HZ-GS2 plants exhibited less damage compared to HZ plants under heat stress. Transcriptome revealed the involvement of phytohormones, sugar signaling, and energy metabolism in the mechanism by which GS2 influences heat tolerance. Under heat stress, HZ-GS2 plants showed higher increases or lower decreases in glucose, gibberellins (GAs), salicylic acid (SA), indoleacetic acid (IAA), adenosine triphosphate (ATP), energy charge, as well as the activities of hexokinase, NADH dehydrogenase, cytochrome oxidase, ATP synthase, and ATPase. Exogenous GA3 enhanced heat tolerance in rice by increasing energy charge, ATPase, activities of complex V and hexokinase. Additionally, glucose, sucrose, 3-aminobenzamide (3-ab), and Na2SO3 conferred heat tolerance in rice plants. Importantly, a significant increase in Fv/Fm was observed in plants treated with a combination of GA3, glucose, and 3-ab, compared to those sprayed alone. Thus, GS2 coordinates GA3, hexokinase, and energy metabolism to improve energy status, thereby enhancing heat tolerance in rice plants.

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