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Biogenic volatile organic compounds dominated the near-surface ozone generation in Sichuan Basin,china,during fall and wintertime

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第7期141卷 215-224页

作者： Dasheng Huang Qing Li Yan Han Shi-Yong Xia Jiawei Zhou Hanxiong Che Keding Lu Fumo Yang Xin Long Yang Chen Research Center for Atmospheric Environment Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesChongqing 400714China Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesChongqing 400714China College of Resources and Environment Chongqing SchoolUniversity of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(UCAS Chongqing)Chongqing 400714China College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Chongqing Three Gorges UniversityChongqing 404199China Key Laboratory for Urban Habitat Environmental Science and Technology School of Environment and EnergyPeking University Shenzhen Graduate SchoolLishui RoadNanshan DistrictShenzhen 518055China SKL-ESPC and BIC-ESAT College of Environmental Sciences and EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China College of Architecture&Environment Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China

The complex air pollution driven by both Ozone(O_(3))and fine particulate matter(PM2.5)sig nificantly influences the air quality in the Sichuan Basin(SCB).Understanding the O_(3)for mation during autumn and winter is necessary to understand the atmospheric oxidative ***,continuous in-site field observations were carried out during the late summer,early autumn and winter of 2020 in a rural area of *** total volatile organic compounds(VOCs)concentration reported by a Proton-Transfer-Reaction Time-of Flight Mass Spectrometry(PTR-ToF-MS)were 13.66±9.75 ppb,5.50±2.64 ppb,and 9.41±5.11 ppb in late summer,early autumn and winter,*** anthropogenic VOCs(AVOCs)and biogenic VOCs(BVOCs)were 8.48±7.92 ppb and 5.18±2.99 ppb in late sum mer,3.31±1.89 ppb and 2.19±0.93 ppb in autumn,and 6.22±3.99 ppb and 3.20±1.27ppb in winter.A zero-dimensional atmospheric box model was employed to investigate the sensitivity of O_(3)-precursors by relative incremental reactivity(RIR).The RIR values of AV OCs,BVOCs,carbon monoxide(CO),and nitrogen oxides(NOx)were 0.31,0.71,0.09,and-0.36 for late summer,0.24,0.59,0.22,and-0.38 for early autumn,and 0.30,0.64,0.33 and-0.70 for winter,and the results showed that the O_(3)formation of sampling area was in the VOC-limited region,and O_(3)was most sensitive to BVOCs(with highest RIR values,>0.6)This study can be helpful in understanding O_(3)formation and interpreting the secondary formation of aerosols in the winter.

关键词： VOCs PTR-MS Model Ozone

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Refactoring BZIP2 on the new-generation sunway supercomputer

ENGINEERING REPORTS

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ENGINEERING REPORTS 2025年第1期7卷

作者： Liu, Xiaohui Yin, Zekun Tian, Haodong Wan, Wubing Hua, Mengyuan Zhao, Wenlai Huang, Zhenchun Gao, Ping Zhu, Fangjin Wang, Hua Duan, Xiaohui Shandong Univ Sch Software Jinan Peoples R China Natl Supercomp Ctr Wuxi Wuxi Peoples R China Tsinghua Univ Dept Comp Sci & Technol Beijing Peoples R China Zhejiang Lab Hangzhou Peoples R China

High-performance computing is progressively assuming a fundamental role in advancing scientific research and engineering domains. However, the ever-expanding scales of scientific simulations pose challenges for efficient data I/O and storage. The data compression technology has garnered significant attention as a solution to reduce data transmission and storage costs while enhancing performance. In particular, the BZIP2 lossless compression algorithm has been widely used due to its exceptional compression ratio, moderate compression speed, high reliability, and open-source nature. This paper focuses on the design and realization of a parallelized BZIP2 algorithm tailored for deployment on the New-Generation Sunway supercomputing platform. By leveraging the unique cache patterns of the New-Generation Sunway processor, we propose the highly tuned multi-threading and multi-node implementations of the BZIP2 applications for different scenarios. Moreover, we also propose the efficient BZIP2 libraries based on the management processing element and computing processing element which support the commonly used high-level (de)compression interfaces. The test results indicate that the our multi-threading implementation achieves maximum speedup of 23.09x$$ \times $$ (8.57x$$ \times $$) in decompression(compression) compared to the sequential implementation. Furthermore, the multi-node implementation achieves 50.81% (26.35%) parallel efficiency and peak performance of 16.6 GB/s (52.8 GB/s) for compression(decompression) when scaling up to 2048 processes. This paper focuses on the design and realization of a parallelized BZIP2 algorithm tailored for deployment on the New-Generation Sunway supercomputing platform. By leveraging the unique cache patterns of the New-Generation Sunway processor, we propose the highly tuned multi-threading and multi-node implementations of the BZIP2 applications for different scenarios. Moreover, we also propose the efficient BZIP2 libraries based on

关键词： BZIP2 lossless compression parallel computing the new-generation Sunway

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Oral Ad5 Vector-Based SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Effectively Induces Mucosal and Systemic Immune Responses in BALB/c Mice

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JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY 2025年第2期97卷 e70236页

作者： Mao, Tongyao Zhang, Peng Jiang, Surui Li, Dandi Li, Jinsong Zhang, Qing Wang, Hong Kong, Xiangyu Duan, Zhaojun Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Natl Inst Viral Dis Control & Prevent Natl Key Lab Intelligent Tracking & Forecasting In NHC Key Lab Med Virol & Viral Dis Beijing Peoples R China Gansu Univ Chinese Med Sch Publ Hlth Lanzhou Peoples R China

Mucosal immunity is essential for preventing viral infections through the mucosal route. The emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants have posed additional hurdles to the efficiency of existing vaccines. The rapid development of novel vaccines that generate broad mucosal and systemic immunity could be the most effective strategy to address this issue. In this study, we developed a recombinant and replication-deficient type-5 adenoviral vaccine with a built-in double-strand RNA adjuvant and the vaccine expresses the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 spike (S) antigen (hereinafter referred to as "the oral vaccine"). We found that two doses of the oral vaccine in BALB/c mice generated long-lasting S-specific mucosal and systemic immune responses, as well as broad neutralizing antibodies and SIgA antibodies. In addition, we found that compared to an mRNA vaccine booster, using the oral vaccine as a booster could induce both effective mucosal and systemic immunity, addressing the limitation of mRNA vaccines in eliciting mucosal immunity. Prospective oral vaccines require further investigation into development and potential applications, particularly viral challenge experiments, before clinical trials.

关键词： adenoviral vector mucosal immunity Omicron BA.1 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine systemic immunity

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WHAMM Inhibits Type II Alveolar Epithelial Cell EMT by Mediating Autophagic Degradation of TGF-β1 in Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

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JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY 2025年第1期240卷 e31486页

作者： Hua, Shaodong Chi, Jinghan Zhang, Ning Yang, Xiao Zhang, Pan Jiang, Chenyang Feng, Yao Hong, Xiaoyang Feng, Zhichun Yan, Yurou Seventh Med Ctr PLA Gen Hosp Sr Dept Pediat Gen Internal Med Beijing Peoples R China Beijing Univ Chinese Med Dongzhimen Hosp Dept Pediat Beijing Peoples R China

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is one of the most prevalent complication in preterm infants, primarily characterized by arrested alveolar growth. The involvement of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of AECII cells is proposed to have a crucial role in the pathogenesis of BPD;however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. The present study reveals a significant reduction of WHAMM (WASP homolog associated with actin, membranes, and microtubules) in hyperoxia-induced BPD mice, highlighting its crucial role in suppressing the progression of BPD through the inhibition of EMT in AECIIs. We demonstrated that hyperoxia-induced downregulation of WHAMM leads to the accumulation of TGF-beta 1 primarily through its mediation of the autophagic degradation pathway. Mechanistically, WHAMM enhanced the autophagosomal localization of TGF-beta 1 and concurrently promoted the process of autophagy, thereby comprehensively facilitating the autophagic degradation of TGF-beta 1. These findings reveal the important role of WHAMM in the development of BPD, and the proposed WHAMM/autophagy/TGF-beta 1/EMT pathway may represent a potential therapeutic strategy for BPD treatment.

关键词： autophagy bronchopulmonary dysplasia EMT TGF-beta 1 WHAMM

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A Novel Al-Ti-C-B-Ce Alloy Preparation Process and Its Refinement Effect to A356 Alloy

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JOM 2024年第1期76卷 379-386页

作者： Liu, Tong Hu, Maoliang Ran, Qingyu Jiang, Bo Ji, Zesheng Zhou, Xiaobing Harbin Univ Sci & Technol Sch Mat Sci & Chem Engn Harbin 150040 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Engn Lab Adv Energy Mat Ningbo Inst Mat Technol & Engn Ningbo 315201 Peoples R China

A novel Al-5Ti-0.2C-0.2B-1Ce aluminum alloy refining agent was prepared in this study by using Al and Ti-6Al-4 V chips as the main materials generated during a machining process. The analysis results showed that the second phase of the refiner was mainly composed of TiAl3, Ti2Al20Ce, TiC, and TiB2. Among them, the V, B, and C elements were doped between TiC and TiB2 to form TiC-B-V and TiB2-C-V particles. We explored the optimal preparation process of this refiner and the variation law of the included second phase with temperature and time. In Al-5Ti-0.2C-0.2B-1Ce prepared at 1000 degrees C and refined for 60 min, the pure aluminum grain size reduced from 4187.6 mu m to 296.7 mu m with the addition of 0.3 wt.%. This kind of refining agent also has a certain resistance to Si poisoning, which effectively refines the grain size of the A356 alloy from 88.9 mu m to 38.1 mu m, an increase of 15.4% in its tensile strength.

关键词： Titanium alloys

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Surrogate model uncertainty quantification for active learning reliability analysis

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第12期37卷 55-70页

作者： Yong PANG Shuai ZHANG Pengwei LIANG Muchen WANG Zhuangzhuang GONG Xueguan SONG Ziyun KAN State Key Laboratory of High-performance Precision Manufacturing School of Mechanical EngineeringDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China

Surrogate models offer an efficient approach to tackle the computationally intensive evaluation of performance functions in reliability ***,the approximations inherent in surrogate models necessitate the consideration of surrogate model uncertainty in estimating failure *** paper proposes a new reliability analysis method in which the uncertainty from the Kriging surrogate model is quantified *** method treats surrogate model uncertainty as an independent entity,characterizing the estimation error of failure *** upon the probabilistic classification function,a failure probability uncertainty is proposed by integrating the difference between the traditional indicator function and the probabilistic classification function to quantify the impact of surrogate model uncertainty on failure probability ***,the proposed uncertainty quantification method is applied to a newly designed reliability analysis approach termed SUQ-MCS,incorporating a proposed median approximation function for active *** proposed failure probability uncertainty serves as the stopping criterion of this *** benchmarking,the effectiveness of the proposed uncertainty quantification method is *** empirical results present the competitive performance of the SUQ-MCS method relative to alternative approaches.

关键词： Reliability analysis Kriging model Uncertainty quantification Active learning Monte Carlo simulation

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Influence of minor cerium addition on microstructure and fluidity of as-cast Al-Cu-Mn-Mg alloy

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Journal of Rare Earths 2025年第2期43卷 377-383,I0006页

作者： Yishan Wang Yu Bai Kaixi Jiang Wenxue Fan Puxuan Wang Hai Hao Key Laboratory of Solidification Control and Digital Preparation Technology(Liaoning Province) School of Materials Science and EngineeringDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China Ningbo Research Institute of Dalian University of Technology Ningbo 315016China

Al-Cu-Mn alloys are widely used to produce automobile components like cylinder heads and engine blocks because of their capability to retain excellent thermal and mechanical characteristics at high ***,the Al-Cu-Mn-based alloys demonstrate restricted fluidity,leading to casting defects such as shrinkage and incomplete *** research investigated the microstructure and fluidity of Al-4.7Cu-1.0Mn-0.5Mg(wt%)alloy with minor cerium(Ce)*** as-cast alloys predominantly compriseα-Al matrix,accompanied by the presence of Al_(2)Cu,Al_(6)Mn,and Al_(8)Cu_(4)Ce *** influence of adding Ce on the fluidity of the Al-4.7Cu-1.0Mn-0.5Mg alloy was investigated using a trispiral fluidity test mold in this *** findings suggest that the addition of Ce within the range of 0.1 wt%to 0.5 wt%in the Al-4.7Cu-1.0Mn-0.5Mg alloy results in an enhancement in ***,the alloy containing 0.4 wt%Ce exhibits a significant increase in fluidity distance,from 349.7 to 485.7 *** improvement can be attributed to the reduction in viscosity,the refinement of secondary dendrite arm spacing,and the modification of secondary phase ***,a higher concentration of Ce leads to a decrease in fluidity length,potentially due to the formation of Al_(8)Cu_(4)Ce.

关键词： Al-Cu-Mn-Mg alloy Rare earths Ce addition Microstructure Fluidity

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Model Predictive Control Scheduling Strategy for Hydrogen-doped Integrated Energy System Considering Ladder Carbon Trading

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Journal of Thermal Science 2025年第2期34卷 337-351页

作者： JI Zhishi ZHANG Hanqing WANG Pei School of engineering Southern Methodist University LyleDallasTexas75205USA College of Electrical and Power Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing211100China Engineering Research Center of Renewable Power Generation Technologies of Ministry of Education Hohai UniversityNanjing210098China

To achieve low-carbon economic operation of hydrogen-doped integrated energy systems while mitigating the stochastic impact of new energy outputs on the system,the coordinated operation mode of hydrogen-doped gas turbines and electrolyzers is focused on,as well as a hybrid energy storage scheme involving both hydrogen and heat storage and an optimized scheduling model for integrated energy systems encompassing electricity-hydrogen-heat-cooling conversions is established.A model predictive control strategy based on deep learning prediction and feedback is proposed,and the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed strategy are demonstrated using error penalty ***,the introduction of hydrogen energy exchange and ladder carbon trading is shown to effectively guide the low-carbon economic operation of hydrogen-doped integrated energy systems across multiple typical scenarios.A sensitivity analysis is conducted based on this framework,revealing that increases in the hydrogen doping ratio of turbines and the carbon base price led to higher system operation costs but effectively reduce carbon emissions.

关键词： hydrogen-doped gas turbine(HGT) integrated energy system(IES) model predictive control(MPC) carbon trading scheduling strategy

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Mg-Sc-Nd-xZn series alloys with medium strength and high plasticity

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第12期42卷 2362-2373,I0006页

作者： Fulong Xue Zhuangzhuang Feng Yubo Gao Di Mei Baolin Chang Jianfeng Wang Shijie Zhu Shaokang Guan School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China Henan Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Alloys Zhengzhou450002China Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold(Ministry of Education) Zhengzhou450002China

Different application scenarios put forward diverse requirements of mechanical properties for magnesium *** this study,the extruded Mg-Sc-Nd-Zn alloy series with high plasticity and medium strength was *** uniformly distributed Mg_(3)Nd(β_(1))phase,high-density twins,and the activated non-basal dislocation slips contribute to the high plasticity of Mg-Sc-Nd *** the addition of Zn element,the appearance of coarse ScZn phases,which prevents the activation of{1012}tensile twins,leads to an increase in strength but a simultaneous decrease in the plasticity of the extruded *** the Zn content in the Mg-Sc-Nd-xZn allows a series of alloys with various strengths and plasticity *** results obtained in this work are of great importance for developing a regulatable magnesium alloy series that aims at different application scenarios.

关键词： Magnesium alloy Tension twin Non-basal slip High plasticity Rare earths

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Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy as a method for millimeter-scale inspection of surface flatness

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第9期26卷 148-155页

作者： Jinrui YE Yaju LI Zhao ZHANG Xinwei WANG Kewei TAO Qiang ZENG Liangwen CHEN Dongbin QIAN Shaofeng ZHANG Lei YANG Xinwen MA Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000People’s Republic of China Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong LaboratoryHuizhou 516000People’s Republic of China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Atomic and Molecular Physics&Functional Materials of Gansu Province College of Physics and Electronic EngineeringNorthwest Normal UniversityLanzhou 730070People’s Republic of China Queen Mary University of London Engineering School Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072People’s Republic of China

A non-contact method for millimeter-scale inspection of material surface flatness via Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy(LIBS)is investigated *** experiment is performed using a planished surface of an alloy steel sample to simulate its various flatness,ranging from 0 to 4.4 mm,by adjusting the laser focal plane to the surface distance with a step length of 0.2 *** is found that LIBS measurements are successful in inspecting the flatness differences among these simulated cases,implying that the method investigated here is *** is also found that,for achieving the inspection of surface flatness within such a wide range,when univariate analysis is applied,a piecewise calibration model must be *** is due to the complex dependence of plasma formation conditions on the surface flatness,which inevitably complicates the inspection *** solve the problem,a multivariate analysis with the help of Back-Propagation Neural Network(BPNN)algorithms is applied to further construct the calibration *** detailed analysis of the model performance,we demonstrate that a unified calibration model can be well established based on BPNN algorithms for unambiguous millimeter-scale range inspection of surface flatness with a resolution of about 0.2 mm.

关键词： laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy machine learning surface flatness

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