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Degradation mechanism,direct regeneration and upcycling of ternary cathode material for retired lithium-ion power batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第3期102卷 534-554页

作者： Juan Wang Dongqi Li Weihao Zeng Xingye Chen Yixin Zhang Shaojie Zhang Zhongpeng Li Changhao Li Shichun Mu State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070HubeiChina

With the approaching of large-scale retirement of power lithium-ion batteries(LIBs),their urgent handling is required for environmental protection and resource ***,at present,substantial spent power batteries,especially for those high recovery value cathode materials,have not been greenly,sustainably,and efficiently *** to the traditional recovery method for cathode materials with high energy consumption and severe secondary pollution,the direct repair regeneration,as a new type of short-process and efficient treatment methods,has attracted widespread ***,it still faces challenges in homogenization repair,electrochemical performance decline,and scaling-up *** promote the direct regeneration technology development of failed NCM materials,herein we deeply discuss the failure mechanism of nickel-cobalt-manganese(NCM)ternary cathode materials,including element loss,Li/Ni mixing,phase transformation,structural defects,oxygen release,and surface degradation and *** on this,the detailed analysis and summary of the direct regeneration method embracing solid-phase sintering,eutectic salt assistance,solvothermal synthesis,sol-gel process,spray drying,and redox mediation are ***,the upcycling strategy for regeneration materials,such as single-crystallization and high-nickelization,structural regulation,ion doping,and surface engineering,are discussed in ***,the challenges faced by the direct regeneration and corresponding countermeasures are pointed ***,this review provides valuable guidance for the efficient and high-value recovery of failed cathode materials.

关键词： Spent NCM materials Retired lithium-ion power battery Degradation mechanism Direct regeneration Upcycling strategy

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Electronic structure of a narrow-gap semiconductor KAg_(3)Te_(2)

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Chinese Physics B 2025年第4期34卷 523-526页

作者： Rong Feng Haotian Zheng Haoran Liu Binru Zhao Xunqing Yin Zhihua Liu Feng Liu Guohua Wang Xiaofeng Xu Wentao Zhang Weidong Luo Wei Zhou Dong Qian Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control(Ministry of Education) School of Physics and AstronomyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China School of Physics Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310023China Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Electronic and Information Engineering Changshu Institute of TechnologyChangshu 215500China Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China Tsung-Dao Lee Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

KAg_(3)Te_(2)with a layered crystal structure has been predicted to be a possible topological *** electrical transport measurements,we revealed its semiconducting behavior with a narrow band gap of~0.4 eV and p-type *** infrared transmission spectra of single crystals yielded an optical band gap of~0.3 ***-resolved photoemission spectroscopy reveals a bulk energy gap at the Brillouin zone center,with no observable surface state,suggesting that KAg_(3)Te_(2)is a topological trivial narrow-gap *** experimentally determined effective mass of the holes in KAg_(3)Te_(2)is very small(~0.12 me).The valence band maximum is quasi-two-dimensional,while the conduction band minimum is fully *** intriguing dimensional anisotropy can be attributed to the distinct orbital contributions from K,Ag,and Te atoms to the respective bands.

关键词： KAg_(3)Te_(2)crystals narrow-gap semiconductor angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy small effective hole mass dimensional anisotropy

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Effect of grid-following VSCs on frequency distribution of power grid

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IET RENEWABLE POWER GENERATION 2024年第14期18卷 2619-2628页

作者： Ma, Qingyuan Chen, Lei Li, Luyang Min, Yong Shi, Yudan Tsinghua Univ Dept Elect Engn Beijing Peoples R China North China Elect Power Univ Baoding Int Educ Inst Baoding Peoples R China

The increasing penetration of grid-following voltage source converters (GFL-VSCs) in the power grid has changed the frequency dynamics of the system. GFL-VSC follows the frequency of the terminal bus using a phase-locked loop, therefore it does not establish the frequency in the same manner as a synchronous generator. However, previous research has demonstrated that GFL-VSC without additional frequency controls not only tracks the terminal frequency during the system dynamic process bus also has an influence on it, and derives the relationship between GFL-VSC and terminal frequency through a simplified model. This paper further derives a more generic relationship considering the influences of q-axis current and grid voltage amplitude variation, which were ignored in previous research. The relationship has proven to be effective and valid. Several influencing factors are analysed to describe the ability to modify terminal frequency. Then the effect of GFL-VSCs on the frequency distribution of power grid is studied. The frequency divider formula is improved by incorporating the relationship, which provides a frequency estimation formula applicable for system with multiple GFL-VSCs. Two system-level simulations verify the conclusion and related influencing factors are analysed. This paper foremost studies the mechanism of the effect of grid-following voltage source converters (GFL-VSCs) on the terminal frequency. Then the effect of GFL-VSCs on frequency distribution of power grid is studied. image

关键词： frequency estimation frequency modulation frequency response power system simulation

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A coordinated planning strategy of energy storage allocation and line upgrading to increase photovoltaic consumption with lowest planning cost

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2025年第2期68卷 278-289页

作者： Bo ZHANG Yuqi JI Lu ZHANG Wei TANG Xiaohui ZHANG Liang WANG Haoran DING Hanchen MAO College of Information and Electrical Engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100084China State Grid HeiLongJiang Electric Power Research Institute State Grid HeiLongJiang Electric Power Company LimitedHarbin 150030China School of Electrical and Information Engineering Zhengzhou University of Light IndustryZhengzhou 450000China

Random integration of massive distributed photovoltaic(PV)generation poses serious challenges to distribution *** violations,line overloads,increased peak-valley differences,and power-flow reversals can occur at different locations,times,and *** planning methods such as energy storage(ES)allocation and upgrading of lines may result in poor economics and low equipment *** study proposes a distribution-network planning strategy that coordinates three planning mechanisms:ES allocation to substations and to feeders,and line *** proposed strategy achieved the lowest annual cost,considering the distribution network problems at different locations,times,and severities.A net load curve description method was first proposed considering economic planning and the uncertain distribution of loads and ***,a multistage optimization model for ES allocation and line upgrading was established based on the net load ***,an improved IEEE33 node system was used in the case *** planning results show that the proposed coordinated planning strategy can address the problems caused by the random integration of massive distributed PVs,improve equipment utilization,and obtain the lowest total annual planning cost.

关键词： distribution network high proportion of PVs energy-storage allocation line upgrading uncertainty

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Observation of acoustic hybrid topological phases induced by the p-d orbital interactions

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Science china(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期68卷 128-135页

作者： Xiao Xiang Feng Gao Yu-Gui Peng Peng Wu Zong-Lin Li Xue-Feng Zhu School of Physics and Innovation Institute Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

In spinless systems,growing attention has recently been attracted to synthetic gauge fields,which redefine the fundamental crystal symmetries by utilizing the projective algebraic ***,synthetic gauge fields have been commonly investigated in single orbital systems,and explorations on hybrid orbitals remain elusive in ***,we report the experimental observation of hybrid topological phases induced by hybrid synthetic gauge flux,which is formed by the interaction between p and d orbitals embedded in acoustic *** breaking the translation symmetries of L_(x) and/or L_(y),we unambiguously demonstrate the first-order Möbius edge states and higher-order corner *** work establishes a platform for seeking exotic topological phases induced by hybrid-orbitals interactions and initializing the framework of hybrid-orbitalsrelated topological *** applications can be anticipated in scenarios such as high-quality sensing and robust wave trapping due to the stepwise energy distribution of the hybrid topological phase.

关键词： topological insulator synthetic gauge field projective symmetry corner states

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Molecular dynamics simulations of helium transport through inorganic mineral nanopores

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Science china Earth Sciences 2025年第1期68卷 237-252页

作者： Dandan SONG Ping GUAN Chi ZHANG Jiahao REN School of Earth and Space Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing100871China

Helium transport through nanoscale inorganic mineral pores and pore throats is essential for its overall *** elucidate helium's transport dynamics within nanopores,we employed equilibrium and non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations to investigate helium's static self-diffusion and pressure-driven flow in quartz slit-shaped *** also introduced water and various gases,including hydrogen,methane,ethane,nitrogen,and carbon dioxide,into the nanopores to assess their influence on helium *** findings indicate minimal helium adsorption on quartz pore *** conditions where the pore size is less than 5 nm and the pressure under 10 MPa,environmental factors markedly influence helium *** pore sizes,high temperatures,and low gas pressures enhance helium desorption and facilitate faster *** observed a positive correlation between helium flow velocity and factors such as pore size,pressure gradient,and surface smoothness of the ***,the presence of pore water and carrier gases in quartz nanopores,which diffuse more slowly than helium,tends to reduce helium surface adsorption and slow its *** the carrier gases studied,nitrogen showed similar adsorption capacity,diffusivity,and stability to helium,while carbon dioxide displayed the highest adsorption capacity and the slowest diffusion rate,markedly differing from *** on the simulation results,we concluded that water and carrier gases primarily function as transport mediums in helium migration,moving together with ***,which shares similar properties with helium,effectively assists in this co-migration ***,carbon dioxide,due to its high adsorption capacity and slow diffusion,tends to be lost during *** a result,gas reservoirs with high nitrogen levels and low carbon dioxide levels are more likely to have higher helium ***,the smaller pore sizes and higher gas pressures in caproc

关键词： Helium transport Slit nanopores Molecular dynamics simulations Diffusion Flow carriers

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Omnidirectional simulation analysis of thermomechanical coupling mechanism in inertia friction welding of Ni-based superalloy

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2025年第1期38卷 202-216页

作者： Chang-an LI Guoliang QIN Hao WANG School of Materials Science and Engineering Shandong UniversityJinan 250061China

The coupling between heat and pressure is the kernel of inertia friction welding(IFW)and is still not fully understood.A novel 3D fully coupled finite element model based on a plastic friction pair was developed to simulate the IFW process of a Ni-based superalloy and reveal the omnidirectional thermo-mechanical coupling mechanism of the friction *** numerical model successfully simulated the deceleration,deformation processes,and peak torsional moments in IFW and captured the evolution of temperature,contact pressure,and *** simulated results were validated through measured thermal history,optical macrography,and axial *** results indicated that interfacial friction heat was the primary heat source,and plastic deformation energy only accounted for 4%of the *** increase in initial rotational speed and friction pressure elevated the peak temperature,reaching a maximum of 1525.5K at an initial rotational speed of 2000 r/min and friction pressure of 400 *** interface heat generation could form an axial temperature gradient exceeding 320K/*** radial inhomogeneities of heat generation and temperature were manifested in a concentric ring distribution with maximum heat flux and temperature ranging from 2/5 to 2/3 *** radial inhomogeneities were caused by increasing linear velocity along the radius and an opposite distribution of contact pressure,which could reach 1.7 times the set pressure at the *** circumferential inhomogeneity of thermomechanical distribution during rotary friction welding was revealed for the first time,benefiting from the 3D *** deflection and transformation of distribution in contact pressure and Mises stress were indicators of plastic deformation and transition of quasi-steady state *** critical Mises stress was 0.5 times the friction pressure in this *** presented modeling provides a reliable insight into the thermo-mechanical coupling mechanism of IFW and lays a solid found

关键词： Inertia friction welding Thermo-mechanical coupling Inhomogeneity Numerical simulation Ni-based superalloy

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Phase coherence of charge-6e superconductors with a frustrated Kagome XY antiferromagnet

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Chinese Physics Letters 2025年第3期42卷 180-185页

作者： Feng-Feng Song Guang-Ming Zhang Institute for Solid State Physics The University of TokyoKashiwaChiba 277-8581Japan State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information Beijing 100084China

Recent experimental evidence of the charge-6e condensed phase in Kagome superconductors has generated significant *** study investigates the unconventional superconductivity in the Kagome superconductor CsV_(3)Sb_(5),focusing on the emergence of charge-6e superconductivity(SC)at temperatures higher than the conventional charge-2e SC *** modeling the phase coherence of the SC order parameter using a frustrated antiferromagnetic XY model on an emergent Kagome lattice,the condensation of fractional vortices with 1/3 vorticity stabilizes the phase coherence in exp(i3θ),resulting in a charge-6e SC *** a tensor network approach tailored for frustrated spin systems,a Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition is identified at T_(c)/J≃0.075,where the unbinding of 1/3 fractional vortex-antivortex pairs transforms the system from the charge-6e SC phase to the normal *** T_(c),the 1/3 fractional vortex correlations exhibit a power-law decay,whereas the integer vortex correlations decay exponentially,reflecting the dominance of charge-6e SC in the absence of charge-2e *** results provide a theoretical understanding of charge-6e SC in two-dimensional Kagome superconductors,emphasizing the interaction between fractional vortices,frustration,and topology in stabilizing the exotic SC phase.

关键词： state charge fractional

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Simultaneous immobilization of multiple heavy metal(loid)s in contaminated water and alkaline soil inoculated Fe/Mn oxidizing bacterium

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第1期147卷 370-381页

作者： Yi Wu Shengli Wang Jun Xu Fei Zang Song Long Yining Wu Yuqing Wang Zhongren Nan Technology Research Center for Pollution Control and Remediation of Northwest Soil and Groundwater College of Earth and Environmental SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and TechnologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China

Two strains of Fe/Mn oxidizing bacteria tolerant to high concentrations of multiple heavy metal(loid)s and efficient decontamination for them were *** surface of the bio-Fe/Mn oxides produced by the oxidation of Fe(II)and Mn(II)by Pseudomonas taiwanensis(marked as P4)and Pseudomonas plecoglossicida(marked as G1)contains rich reactive oxygen functional groups,which play critical roles in the removal efficiency and immobilization of heavymetal(loid)s in co-contamination *** isolated strains P4 and G1 can growwell in the following environments:pH 5-9,NaCl 0-4%,and temperature 20-30℃.The removal efficiencies of Fe,Pb,As,Zn,Cd,Cu,and Mn are effective after inoculation of the strains P4 and G1 in the simulated water system(the initial concentrations of heavy metal(loid)were 1 mg/L),approximately reaching 96%,92%,85%,67%,70%,54%and 15%,*** exchangeable and carbonate bound As,Cd,Pb and Cu are more inclined to convert to the Fe-Mn oxide bound fractions in P4 and G1 treated soil,thereby reducing the phytoavailability and bioaccessible of heavy metal(loid)*** research provides alternatives method to treat water and soil containing high concentrations of multi-heavy metal(loid)s.

关键词： Bio-Fe/Mn oxides Pseudomonas Heavy metal(loid)s Removal and immobilization

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Exploring the diversity of dissolved organic matter(DOM)properties and sources in different functional areas of a typical macrophyte-derived lake combined with optical spectroscopy and FT-ICR MS analysis

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第1期147卷 462-473页

作者： Kun Wang Haoyu Ren Shengwu Yuan Xia Jiang Pengfei Wang College of Water Sciences Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China National Engineering Laboratory of Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China

Lake Baiyangdian is one of china’s largest macrophyte-derived lakes,facing severe challenges related to water quality maintenance and eutrophication *** organic matter(DOM)was a huge carbon pool and its abundance,property,and transformation played important roles in the biogeochemical cycle and energy flow in lake *** this study,Lake Baiyangdian was divided into four distinct areas:Unartificial Area(UA),Village Area(VA),Tourism Area(TA),and Breeding Area(BA).We examined the diversity of DOM properties and sources across these functional *** findings reveal that DOM in this lake is predominantly composed of protein-like substances,as determined by excitation-emission matrix and parallel factor analysis(EEM-PARAFAC).Notably,the exogenous tyrosine-like component C1 showed a stronger presence in VA and BA compared to UA and ***-resolution mass spectrometry(FT-ICR MS)unveiled a similar DOM molecular composition pattern across different functional areas due to the high relative abundances of lignan compounds,suggesting that macrophytes significantly influence the material structure of *** properties exhibited specific associations with water quality indicators in various functional areas,as indicated by the Mantel *** connections between DOM properties and NO_(3)-N andNH3-Nwere more pronounced in VA and BA than in UA and *** results underscore the viability of using DOM as an indicator for more precise and scientific water quality management.

关键词： Dissolved organic matter Fluorescence property Molecular composition Source

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