The bioaugmentation performance is severely reduced in the treatment of high-saline pesticide wastewater because the growth and degradation activity of pesticide degraders are significantly inhibited by high salt conc...
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The bioaugmentation performance is severely reduced in the treatment of high-saline pesticide wastewater because the growth and degradation activity of pesticide degraders are significantly inhibited by high salt concentrations. In this study, a heterologous biodegradation pathway comprising the seven genes mpd/pnpABCDEF responsible for the bioconversion of p-nitrophenol (PNP)-substituted organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) into beta-oxoadipate and the genes encoding Vitreoscilla hemoglobin (VHb) and green fluorescent protein (GFP) were integrated into the genome of a salt-tolerant chassis Halomonas cupida J9, to generate a genetically engineered halotolerant degrader J9U-MP. RT-PCR assays demonstrated that the nine exogenous genes are successfully transcribed to mRNA in J9U-MP. Gas chromatography analysis of methyl parathion (MP) and its intermediates demonstrated that the expressed MP hydrolase and PNP-degrading enzymes PnpABCD show obvious degradation activity toward the specific substrates in J9U-MP. Stable isotope analysis showed that J9U-MP is able to efficiently convert 13C6-PNP into 13CO2, demonstrating the complete mineralization of MP in high-salt media. J9U-MP is genetically stable during passage culture, and genomic integration of exogenous genes does not negatively influence the growth of J9U-MP. Under oxygen-limited conditions, VHb-expressing J9U-MP does not show obvious growth inhibition and a significant reduction in the MP degradation rate. A real-time monitoring system with enhanced GFP is used to track the motion and activity of J9U-MP during bioremediation. Moreover, 50 mg/L MP and its intermediates (i.e., PNP and HQ) were completely degraded by J9U-MP within 12 h in wastewater supplemented with 60 g/L NaCl. After 3 days of incubation, 25 mg/L 13C6-PNP was converted into 13CO2 by J9U-MP in wastewater supplemented with 60 g/L NaCl. Our results highlight the power of synthetic biology for creating new halotolerant pollutant-mineralizing strains. The
*** Halogens,including fluorine(F),chlorine(Cl),bromine(Br),and iodine(I),are highly mobile and water-soluble elements that can become significantly enriched in melts and *** fluids and melts,halogens react with nearl...
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*** Halogens,including fluorine(F),chlorine(Cl),bromine(Br),and iodine(I),are highly mobile and water-soluble elements that can become significantly enriched in melts and *** fluids and melts,halogens react with nearly all metals and readily form complexes with metal cations,significantly influencing the distribution of metal elements between different ***,halogens play a crucial role in the migration,enrichment,and mineralization of key metals in the lithosphere(Weis et al.,2012;Liu et al.,2024).
The effect of Cr addition on nickel aluminium bronze(NAB)alloy microstructure,mechanical properties,and erosion-corrosion behaviour has been *** results show that Cr addition does not change the composition of the pre...
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The effect of Cr addition on nickel aluminium bronze(NAB)alloy microstructure,mechanical properties,and erosion-corrosion behaviour has been *** results show that Cr addition does not change the composition of the precipitated phases,more Cr entered theκphase and a small amount of Cr solubilized in the matrix,which increase the hardness of theκand matrix and decrease the potential difference between theκand *** alloy with Cr shows high erosion-corrosion resistance at high flow rate conditions,due to its lower phase potential difference and higher surface *** the flow rate of 3 m·s^(-1),the corrosion rate is 0.076 mm·year^(-1),which is~20%lower than that of the unadded Cr ***,the corrosion product film contains Cr_(2)O_(3)and Cr^(3+),which improves the densification of the film and raises alloy’s corrosion resistance with Cr *** combination of mechanical and corrosion resistant properties may qualify this alloy as a potential candidate material for sustainable and safe equipment.
To understand the roles of charcoal and ectomycorrhizal fungi(ECMF)on tree growth,which relates to the rehabilitation of forest ecosystems after forest fires,two experiments were set up in this study,the first was to ...
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To understand the roles of charcoal and ectomycorrhizal fungi(ECMF)on tree growth,which relates to the rehabilitation of forest ecosystems after forest fires,two experiments were set up in this study,the first was to determine the correct amount of charcoal for Japanese larch(Larix kaempferi Sarg.)seedling growth by applying oak charcoal to basic soil medium at ratios of 1:1,1:2,1:4 and 1:8 by *** second experiment investigated the combined effects of four types of charcoal:derived from oak wood,husks of buckwheat,rice and activated charcoal of larch wood,and two types of ECMF:Pt(Pisolithus tinctorius Pers.)and Ec(Pt+Rhizopogon spp.+Laccaria spp.+Scleroderma spp.)on the growth of Japanese larch *** results show that growth was significantly stressed by large amounts charcoal *** were significant variations among the four types of charcoal on *** concluded that the addition of charcoal was the critical factor that influenced larch growth and ECMF *** charcoal and Ec stimulates the growth and nitrogen uptake of Japanese larch seedlings,thus the most suitable fungus and charcoal for practices is Ec-rice charcoal(1:8 charcoal to basic soil).
With the emphasis on user privacy and communication security, encrypted traffic has increased dramatically, which brings great challenges to traffic classification. The classification method of encrypted traffic based...
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With the emphasis on user privacy and communication security, encrypted traffic has increased dramatically, which brings great challenges to traffic classification. The classification method of encrypted traffic based on GNN can deal with encrypted traffic well. However, existing GNN-based approaches ignore the relationship between client or server packets. In this paper, we design a network traffic topology based on GCN, called Flow Mapping Graph (FMG). FMG establishes sequential edges between vertexes by the arrival order of packets and establishes jump-order edges between vertexes by connecting packets in different bursts with the same direction. It not only reflects the time characteristics of the packet but also strengthens the relationship between the client or server packets. According to FMG, a Traffic Mapping Classification model (TMC-GCN) is designed, which can automatically capture and learn the characteristics and structure information of the top vertex in FMG. The TMC-GCN model is used to classify the encrypted traffic. The encryption stream classification problem is transformed into a graph classification problem, which can effectively deal with data from different data sources and application scenarios. By comparing the performance of TMC-GCN with other classical models in four public datasets, including CICIOT2023, ISCXVPN2016, CICAAGM2017, and GraphDapp, the effectiveness of the FMG algorithm is verified. The experimental results show that the accuracy rate of the TMC-GCN model is 96.13%, the recall rate is 95.04%, and the F1 rate is 94.54%.
In eukaryotes, N-glycosylation is a complex, multistep process in which the core subunit of oligosaccharyltransferase, Staurosporine and Temperature Sensitive 3A(STT3A), plays a critical role in the catalytic activity...
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In eukaryotes, N-glycosylation is a complex, multistep process in which the core subunit of oligosaccharyltransferase, Staurosporine and Temperature Sensitive 3A(STT3A), plays a critical role in the catalytic activity of the oligosaccharyltransferase(OST) complex. We found that the PsSTT3A gene plays a critical role in the viability of Phytophthora sojae(P. sojae). Furthermore, full PsSTT3A function was crucial to mycelial growth, sporangium production, zoospore production, and pathogenicity, as determined by gene silencing experiments. PsSTT3A is,itself, a highly N-glycosylated protein with six consensus NXS/T(Asn-X-Ser/Thr) motifs and one novel NS motif. However, the N-glycosylation sites on PsSTT3A that are required to support the development and virulence of P. sojae have been uncertain. Here, we demonstrated that glycosylation of site N593 is essential for normal mycelial growth and virulence in P. sojae. Furthermore, endoplasmic reticulum(ER) homeostasis was disrupted by the mutation of N593. N593A mutations reduced the stability of the elicitin PsSOJ2A, an N-glycoprotein, in gene replacement transformations. Our study reveals the functional significance of N-glycosylation of PsSTT3A in the development and infection cycles of P. sojae, demonstrating that targeting of PsSTT3A may be a promising strategy for developing new mode of action fungicides.
With the rise of encrypted traffic,traditional network analysis methods have become less effective,leading to a shift towards deep learning-based *** these,multimodal learning-based classification methods have gained ...
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With the rise of encrypted traffic,traditional network analysis methods have become less effective,leading to a shift towards deep learning-based *** these,multimodal learning-based classification methods have gained attention due to their ability to leverage diverse feature sets from encrypted traffic,improving classification ***,existing research predominantly relies on late fusion techniques,which hinder the full utilization of deep features within the *** address this limitation,we propose a novel multimodal encrypted traffic classification model that synchronizes modality fusion with multiscale feature ***,our approach performs real-time fusion of modalities at each stage of feature extraction,enhancing feature representation at each level and preserving inter-level correlations for more effective *** continuous fusion strategy improves the model’s ability to detect subtle variations in encrypted traffic,while boosting its robustness and adaptability to evolving network *** results on two real-world encrypted traffic datasets demonstrate that our method achieves a classification accuracy of 98.23% and 97.63%,outperforming existing multimodal learning-based methods.
Pelagic fish are the most abundant species in upwelling regions,contributing 25%of total global fisheries ***-driven changes in the marine environment play a crucial role in their population *** Chilean jack mackerel(...
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Pelagic fish are the most abundant species in upwelling regions,contributing 25%of total global fisheries ***-driven changes in the marine environment play a crucial role in their population *** Chilean jack mackerel(Trachurus murphyi)as an example,this study conducted simulations to quantify the impacts of environmental variations on the stock assessment.A habitat-based surplus production model was developed by integrating suitable habitat area into the model parameters carrying capacity(K)and intrinsic growth rate(r),with a suitable habitat area serving as the proxy for the environmental conditions for Chilean jack mackerel in the Southeast Pacific *** dynamics of Chilean jack mackerel stock and fisheries data were simulated,and four assessment models with different configurations were built to fit simulated data,with or without considering environmental *** results indicated that Joint K-r model,which integrated both parameters with the suitable habitat area index,outperformed the others by coming closest to the‘true'population *** habitat variations in the estimation model tended to overestimate biomass and underestimate harvest rate and reference *** observation and process error,the results were estimated with bias,while FMSY is relatively *** research illustrates the importance to consider random errors and environmental influences on populations,and provides foundation guidelines for future stock assessment.
The world witnessed an accelerated development of various types of meteorological observing technology,an evolution of numerical weather prediction(NWP)models from single atmospheric component to coupled multi-compone...
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The world witnessed an accelerated development of various types of meteorological observing technology,an evolution of numerical weather prediction(NWP)models from single atmospheric component to coupled multi-components of the earth system,as well as the multi graphics processing unit technology in computer sciences,a new era for rapidly advancing data assimilation science and technology development has *** multi-source data assimilation is important not only for NWP but also for further understanding of global and regional weather *** article firstly selectively reviews past methods of multi-source data *** opportunities are then discussed for future development of data assimilation system framework,for innovative uses of high-resolution observations,and for applications of artificial intelligence machine learning in meteorological data assimilation.
Tibetan alpine steppes are large and sensitive terrestrial carbon(C)reservoirs that are experiencing desertification due to global change and overgrazing,which can lead to stronger resource limitations for both above-...
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Tibetan alpine steppes are large and sensitive terrestrial carbon(C)reservoirs that are experiencing desertification due to global change and overgrazing,which can lead to stronger resource limitations for both above-and belowground *** nutrients,especially nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P),are the crucial resources for plant growth and microbial ***,whether both plant and soil microbial communities in the degraded alpine steppes are limited by these soil nutrients remains unclear,which limits our understanding of the mechanisms of desertification and subsequent ecosystem ***,we evaluated potential nutrient limitations of the plant and soil microbial communities in the alpine steppe across five stages of desertification using stoichiometry-based *** results showed that soil microbial metabolism was mainly limited by C and P,and the plant N limitation and microbial C limitation were intensified while the microbial P limitation was relieved during ***-soil-microbe interactions had significant impacts on the microbial C and P limitations,explaining 72 and 61% of the variation,***,desertification ultimately affected microbial metabolic limitations by regulating soil pH,soil nutrients,and the plant N ***,the microbial C limitation further reduced microbial C use efficiency(CUE)with desertification,which is detrimental for organic C retention in the degraded ***,this study revealed that microbial metabolic limitations through plant-microbe interactions were the key drivers affecting soil microbial CUE,and it provided insights that can advance our knowledge of the microbial regulation of nutrient cycles and C sequestration.
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