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Functional Changes in 5d Printed Starch-Based Gel Systems Caused by Spontaneous Growth of Probiotics

FOOd ANd BIOPrOCESS TECHNOLOGY 2024年第8期17卷 2470-2482页

作者： Chen, Xiaohuan Teng, Xiuxiu Zhang, Min Mujumdar, Arun S. Li, Jingyuan Jiangnan Univ State Key Lab Food Sci & Resources Wuxi 214122 Jiangsu Peoples R China Jiangnan Univ Jiangsu Prov Int Joint Lab Fresh Food Smart Proc & Wuxi 214122 Jiangsu Peoples R China Jiangnan Univ China Gen Chamber Commerce Key Lab Fresh Food Proc & Preservat Wuxi 214122 Jiangsu Peoples R China McGill Univ Dept Bioresource Engn Macdonald Campus Quebec City PQ Canada Changxing Shiying Sci & Technol Co Changxing Zhejiang Peoples R China

Following the development trend of intelligentialize and vitalization in the additive manufacturing field, five-dimensional (5d) printing has emerged. 5d printing is a life-active material that changes in the life dimension in the three-dimensional (3d) printed model over time, thus showing favorable changes in structure, performance, or function. In this study, probiotics were used as life materials to explore the feasibility of starch-based gel systems for 5d printing. With the evolution of time, probiotics spontaneously grew and multiplied in the 5d printed model. The number of probiotics in the 100% filled printed model increased from 5.57 x 107 to 3.11 x 1011 CFU/g within 8 h, realizing the dynamic change of the nutritional function. With the decrease of pH and the increase of titratable acidity, casein gelation improved the texture properties of printed samples. The redness of the printed model increased in the spontaneous change process of probiotics, and the flavor function and antioxidant ability were raised. due to the micro-oxygen requirement of probiotic growth, the probiotic proliferation capacity of 50% and 75% filled printed samples was weaker than that of 100% filled printed samples. In addition, the microbiological differences between printed samples and mold-made samples were discussed. This study aimed to provide some data support and theoretical basis for the application of 5d printing technology.

关键词： 5d printing Active probiotics Functional change Starch-based gel Color and flavor

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Efficient and Eco-friendly Chitin Production from Crab Shells Using Novel deep Eutectic Solvents

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JOUrNAL OF POLYMErS ANd THE ENVIrONMENT 2024年第11期32卷 6070-6079页

作者： Ma, Jinjing Yu, Yu Chu, deyu Zhu, Shaomin Liu, Qishun Yin, Heng Dalian Jiaotong Univ Sch Environm & Chem Engn 794 Huanghe Rd Dalian 116028 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Dalian Inst Chem Phys Dalian Engn Res Ctr Carbohydrate Agr Preparat Dalian Technol Innovat Ctr Green AgrLiaoning Prov Dalian 116023 Peoples R China Dalian Polytech Univ Sch Text & Mat Engn Dalian 116034 Liaoning Peoples R China

Chitin is the second most abundant biopolymer in the world after cellulose and commonly found in crustaceans. It is also the most abundant natural nitrogen-containing polysaccharide. The challenge in separation of chitin directly from snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio) shells is that the solvent used must be versatile in removing calcium carbonate and protein while also being efficient, environmentally friendly, and cost-effective. In this study, chitin was extracted from snow crab shells using a dES consisting of TEBAC and lactic acid. dES successfully removed minerals and proteins, with a deproteinization rate of 95.51% and a decalcification rate of 96.41%, while the purity of chitin was 91.15% and the yield was 21.31%. Furthermore, the extracted chitin has large pores on its surface, making it an ideal matrix for biomedical materials. This study provides an environmentally friendly and cost-effective solution for the utilization of crustacean waste using multifunctional dES.

关键词： Chitin TEBAC base dES Snow crab shells Extraction

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Heat dissipation analysis and multi-objective optimization of raspberry Pi CPU by natural convection

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NUMErICAL HEAT TrANSFEr part A-APPLICATIONS 2024年

作者： Wei, Yin Yao, Junkai Feng, Haichao Wu, Qiaoyun Li, Yuefeng Zou, Jun Zheng, Hao Shanghai Inst Technol Sch Sci Shanghai Peoples R China Kaikan Technol Wuxi Co Ltd Wuxi Peoples R China Shanghai Inst Technol Coll Sci Shanghai 201418 Peoples R China

With the high-speed and high-frequency operation of CPU chips, as well as miniaturization and dense assembly of integrated circuits, the heat generated by the raspberry Pi CPU is constantly increasing. To address the urgent need for efficient raspberry Pi CPU heat dissipation and ensure normal operation within a safe temperature range, this study first established a model to simulate the CPU's thermal physics parameters during operation using CFd simulation software. An experimental platform was then set up to validate the CFd simulation results. Based on the validated CFd model, initial heat dissipation design was carried out. On this basis, the heat dissipation system was optimized by altering the heat sink's length, width, fin height, thickness, spacing, and the thermal grease's thermal conductivity between the heat sink and CPU chip. A surrogate model was established using the response surface methodology, and the NSGA-II genetic algorithm was employed for multi-objective optimization of the heat dissipation system's cooling performance. Compared to the initial solution, the chip temperature was reduced by 6.19 degrees C, but the heat sink mass was increased by 0.65 g. By conducting multi-objective optimization design and making reasonable choices for the parameters, a suitable and an optimum design, in terms of both economics and efficiency, is obtained. These results demonstrate that this research can provide theoretical guidance and technical support for practical production. Furthermore, the methods and findings from this study can be applied to the design of heat dissipation systems for similar applications.

关键词： CPU thermal management multi-objective optimization natural cooling NSGA-II genetic algorithm

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User Localization and Environment Mapping With the Assistance of rIS

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IEEE TrANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAr TECHNOLOGY 2024年第6期73卷 8549-8562页

作者： Zhang, Jiadi Wu, Jun Wang, rui Tongji Univ Coll Elect & Informat Engn Shanghai 201804 Peoples R China Fudan Univ Sch Comp Sci Shanghai 200433 Peoples R China Tongji Univ Shanghai Instituteof Intelligent Sci & Technol Shanghai 201804 Peoples R China

With the introduction of sixth-generation (6 G) communication, the attention to integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) is growing rapidly due to the diverse requirements for 6 G communication services. However, the sensing performance in wireless scenarios is constrained by limited resources, such as the number of array antennas, spectrum, and power. Nevertheless, reconfigurable intelligent surface (rIS) is suitable for assisting ISAC because it can manipulate the incident signals with relatively lower power consumption. Therefore, this paper proposes a user localization and environment estimation problem with the assistance of orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFdM) and rIS. Considering that carrier frequency offsets (CFO) will impact the location estimation in OFdM, we first investigate the joint estimation of time of arrivals (TOA) and 2-d direction of arrivals (dOA) without CFO estimation by taking advantage of matrix transformation. In order to increase the ability of environment estimation of wireless signals, we develop an efficient environment estimation method with the help of rIS to adjust the directions of the incident signals in different frequencies. Finally, by taking the space-time continuity of user movement and the geometry features of environment into account, we establish the probability transition model of the estimation process for user's location and environment by factor graph. The performance of our factor graph-based estimation algorithm is demonstrated by simulation results.

关键词： Estimation OFdM Location awareness direction-of-arrival estimation Sensors Antenna arrays Wireless sensor networks environment mapping intelligent reflecting surface

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Mathematical Modeling and a Multiswarm Collaborative Optimization Algorithm for Fuzzy Integrated Process Planning and Scheduling Problem

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第2期29卷 285-304页

作者： Qihao Liu Cuiyu Wang Xinyu Li Liang Gao State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Equipment and Technology School of Mechanical Science and EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China

Considering both process planning and shop scheduling in manufacturing can fully utilize their complementarities,resulting in improved rationality of process routes and high-quality and efficient production. Hence,the study of Integrated Process Planning and Scheduling (IPPS) has become a hot topic in the current production field. However,when performing this integrated optimization,the uncertainty of processing time is a realistic key point that cannot be neglected. Thus,this paper investigates a Fuzzy IPPS (FIPPS) problem to minimize the maximum fuzzy completion time. Compared with the conventional IPPS problem,FIPPS considers the fuzzy process time in the uncertain production environment,which is more practical and realistic. However,it is difficult to solve the FIPPS problem due to the complicated fuzzy calculating rules. To solve this problem,this paper formulates a novel fuzzy mathematical model based on the process network graph and proposes a MultiSwarm Collaborative Optimization Algorithm (MSCOA) with an integrated encoding method to improve the optimization. different swarms evolve in various directions and collaborate in a certain number of iterations. Moreover,the critical path searching method is introduced according to the triangular fuzzy number,allowing for the calculation of rules to enhance the local searching ability of MSCOA. The numerical experiments extended from the well-known Kim benchmark are conducted to test the performance of the proposed MSCOA. Compared with other competitive algorithms,the results obtained by MSCOA show significant advantages,thus proving its effectiveness in solving the FIPPS problem.

关键词： Integrated Process Planning and Scheduling(IPPS) fuzzy processing time fuzzy completion time MultiSwarm Collaborative Optimization Algorithm(MSCOA)

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Multispectral depolarization Based Living-Skin detection: A New Measurement Principle

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IEEE TrANSACTIONS ON BIOMEdICAL ENGINEErING 2024年第6期71卷 1937-1949页

作者： Wang, Wenjin Shu, Huaijing Lu, Hongzhou Xu, Ming Ji, Xiangyang Southern Univ Sci & Technol Dept Biomed Engn Shenzhen 518005 Peoples R China Third Peoples Hosp Shenzhen Shenzhen Peoples R China Tsinghua Univ Dept Automat Beijing Peoples R China

Camera-based photoplethysmographic imaging enabled the segmentation of living-skin tissues in a video, but it has inherent limitations to be used in real-life applications such as video health monitoring and face anti-spoofing. Inspired by the use of polarization for improving vital signs monitoring (i.e. specular reflection removal), we observed that skin tissues have an attractive property of wavelength-dependent depolarization due to its multi-layer structure containing different absorbing chromophores, i.e. polarized light photons with longer wavelengths (r) have deeper skin penetrability and thus experience thorougher depolarization than those with shorter wavelengths (G and B). Thus we proposed a novel dual-polarization setup and an elegant algorithm (named "MSd") that exploits the nature of multispectral depolarization of skin tissues to detect living-skin pixels, which only requires two images sampled at the parallel and cross polarizations to estimate the characteristic chromaticity changes (r/G) caused by tissue depolarization. Our proposal was verified in both the laboratory and hospital settings (ICU and NICU) focused on anti-spoofing and patient skin segmentation. The clinical experiments in ICU also indicate the potential of MSd for skin perfusion analysis, which may lead to a new diagnostic imaging approach in the future.

关键词： Skin reflection Cameras Faces Photonics Optical surface waves Hospitals Living-skin detection polarization skin depolarization multi-wavelength clinical trial

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distributed Energy Cooperation in Multicell Wireless Powered Communication Networks

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IEEE TrANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAr TECHNOLOGY 2024年第5期73卷 7188-7203页

作者： Li, Guang-Ju Nie, Xiaokai Huang, Yongming Yu, Wenwu Southeast Univ Frontiers Sci Ctr Mobile Informat Commun & Secur Sch Math Nanjing 210096 Peoples R China Purple Mt Labs Nanjing 211102 Peoples R China Southeast Univ Sch Automat Key Lab Measurement & Control Complex Syst Engn Minist Educ Nanjing 210096 Peoples R China Southeast Univ Shenzhen Res Inst Shenzhen 518057 Peoples R China Southeast Univ Sch Informat Sci & Engn Natl Mobile Commun Res Lab Nanjing 210096 Peoples R China Pervas Commun Ctr Purple Mt Labs Nanjing 211111 Peoples R China

This paper investigates a general multicell wireless powered communication network, in which multiple access points (APs) provide energy to the Internet of Things devices (IoT-ds), and the IoT-ds utilize the harvested energy to send information back to their associated AP. Within the network, a scheme enabling information and energy cooperation among APs is proposed to realize data transmission among cells as well as mitigate the risk of energy supply-demand imbalance. Based on such cooperation scheme, APs with surplus energy can share energy with other APs with deficient power supply, and the energy efficiency maximization problem is studied for the considered network of two practical scenarios including APs with energy-storage devices (ESds) and without ESds. To solve the optimization problems, a novel distributed scheme is designed to jointly the optimize energy cooperation strategy and time allocation, where each AP communicates only with neighboring APs to independently update its own optimal decision. different from the centralized methods requiring global parameters such as all channel status information (CSI) that may be unavailable, APs in the developed distributed scheme jointly undertake the computational tasks without knowing all CSI. This results in faster convergence and higher scalability for multicell networks compared to the centralized schemes. Finally, simulation examples of two scenarios are presented to validate the performance of the proposed distributed scheme.

关键词： Electrostatic discharges Throughput Wireless communication resource management Optimization Couplings Internet of Things distributed scheme energy cooperation energy efficiency multicell WPCNs

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Event-Based Fixed-Time Fuzzy Containment Fault-Tolerant Control for Multiagent Systems With Positive Odd rational Powers

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IEEE TrANSACTIONS ON FUZZY SYSTEMS 2024年第6期32卷 3805-3814页

作者： Ma, Jiawei Zhang, Huaguang Zhang, Juan Liu, Zeyi Northeastern Univ Coll Informat Sci & Engn Shenyang 110004 Peoples R China Northeastern Univ State Key Lab Synthet Automat Proc Ind Shenyang 110004 Peoples R China Northeastern Univ Sch Informat Sci & Engn Shenyang 110004 Peoples R China

In this research, an event-based adaptive fixed-time fuzzy containment fault-tolerant control issue for multiagent systems (MASs) with positive odd rational powers is discussed. As a result of the presence of unknown nonlinear functions, fuzzy logic systems (FLSs) can be employed to estimate them with the support of FLSs' approximation capability. The adding a power integrator can be introduced to handle the difficulties encountered in the backstepping design process for high-order nonlinear systems. Further, the event-triggered control ideology was carried out among neighbors of MASs, which is used to minimize the communication burden. In addition, the controlled MASs considered four types of sensor faults, adopting the adaptive control methods to achieve effective estimation of unknown fault parameters. According to the frame of backstepping control, an adaptive fuzzy containment event-triggered controller for MASs with positive odd rational powers was designed that can realize all signals are fixed-time bounded, even if MASs may exist sensor faults. In the last resort, the illustrative example can manifest the validity of the suggested approach.

关键词： Fault tolerant systems Fault tolerance Process control Fuzzy systems Convergence Control theory Stability analysis Event-triggered control fixed-time control multiagent systems (MASs) positive odd rational powers sensor faults

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Temporal uniaxial crystal in a dispersion-modulated lattice model

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APPLIEd PHYSICS LETTErS 2025年第4期126卷

作者： Jin, Meng-Cheng Chen, Ze-Guo Lu, Ming-Hui Zhan, Peng Chen, Yan-Feng Nanjing Univ Natl Lab Solid State Microstruct Nanjing 210093 Peoples R China Nanjing Univ Dept Mat Sci & Engn Nanjing 210093 Peoples R China Nanjing Univ Sch Phys Nanjing 210093 Peoples R China Nanjing Univ Sch Mat Sci & Intelligent Engn Suzhou 215163 Peoples R China Nanjing Univ Jiangsu Key Lab Artificial Funct Mat Nanjing 210093 Peoples R China Nanjing Univ Collaborat Innovat Ctr Adv Microstruct Nanjing 210093 Peoples R China

Time reflection and refraction, as temporal analogs to spatial phenomena, provide a degree of freedom for manipulating wave dynamics within the temporal domain. In this study, we investigate the dynamics of Gaussian wave packets at time interfaces within one-dimensional lattice models, providing insights into generalized temporal refraction and dispersion control. By redefining time reflection as temporal negative refraction, we propose a generalized temporal Snell's law based on the equivalent refractive index, which effectively predicts both temporal positive and negative refraction. Furthermore, we introduce a "temporal uniaxial crystal" by extending our investigation to a three-band model without symmetry constraints, characterized by double temporal positive and negative refraction. Our approach not only deepens the understanding of time refraction but also offers a versatile tool for studying complex wave behaviors in time-variant systems.

关键词： Crystal symmetry

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Structural optimization design of semi-rigid base asphalt pavement using modulus matching criterion and multi-indicator range analysis

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2024年第1期11卷 131-159页

作者： Zhihao Yang Linbing Wang dongwei Cao Yinghao Miao Hailu Yang China Airport Planning&Design Institute Co. Ltd.Beijing 101312China Department of Road and Urban Railway Engineering Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China National Center for Materials Service Safety University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China School of Environmental CivilAgricultural and Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGA 30602USA China-Road Transportation Verification&Inspection Hi-Tech Co. Ltd.Beijing 100088China

damage to semi-rigid base asphalt pavement is related to improper matching of the pavement structure *** study mainly focused on the modulus matching of structural layers and the development of a pavement structure optimization ***,the modulus loss of existing pavement structures was analysed,and a three-dimensional finite element model was established based on the existing ***,the influence of the modulus of each structural layer on the mechanical response indicators and fatigue life was *** on the results,a pavement structure design method using the smoothness of the stress-strain curve as the modulus matching criterion of the structural layers was *** it was found that a strain convex point was present and that the stress mutation between the structural layers was significant when the modulus matching of the pavement structure was ***,the evaluation indicators were divided into two groups,namely,mechanical indicators and fatigue life *** it was proposed an optimized pavement structure design method based on modulus matching and multi-indicator range ***,the optimal modulus combination of pavement structure was determined by this *** research systematically studied the influence of the modulus of each structural layer on the mechanical response and fatigue life of the pavement,and proposed the concept and specific executive criteria of modulus matching for the first ***,it also provided an effective optimization method for pavement structure design.

关键词： Stress-strain curve Modulus matching Structural optimization design Multi-indicator range analysis Fatigue life

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