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RST-DeepLabv3+: Multi-Scale Attention for Tailings Pond Identification with DeepLab

REMOTE SENSING 2025年第3期17卷 411-411页

作者： Feng, Xiangrui Wei, Caiyong Xue, Xiaojing Zhang, Qian Liu, Xiangnan China Univ Geosci Sch Informat Engn Beijing 100083 Peoples R China Ningxia Inst Remote Sensing Survey High Resolut Satellite Remote Sensing Applicat Dep Yinchuan 750021 Peoples R China

Tailing ponds are used to store tailings or industrial waste discharged after beneficiation. Identifying these ponds in advance can help prevent pollution incidents and reduce their harmful impacts on ecosystems. Tailing ponds are traditionally identified via manual inspection, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Therefore, tailing pond identification based on computer vision is of practical significance for environmental protection and safety. In the context of identifying tailings ponds in remote sensing, a significant challenge arises due to high-resolution images, which capture extensive feature details-such as shape, location, and texture-complicated by the mixing of tailings with other waste materials. This results in substantial intra-class variance and limited inter-class variance, making accurate recognition more difficult. Therefore, to monitor tailing ponds, this study utilized an improved version of DeepLabv3+, which is a widely recognized deep learning model for semantic segmentation. We introduced the multi-scale attention modules, ResNeSt and SENet, into the DeepLabv3+ encoder. The split-attention module in ResNeSt captures multi-scale information when processing multiple sets of feature maps, while the SENet module focuses on channel attention, improving the model's ability to distinguish tailings ponds from other materials in images. Additionally, the tailing pond semantic segmentation dataset NX-TPSet was established based on the Gauge-Fractional-6 image. The ablation experiments show that the recognition accuracy (intersection and integration ratio, IOU) of the RST-DeepLabV3+ model was improved by 1.19% to 93.48% over DeepLabV3+.The multi-attention module enables the model to integrate multi-scale features more effectively, which not only improves segmentation accuracy but also directly contributes to more reliable and efficient monitoring of tailings ponds. The proposed approach achieves top performance on two benchmark datasets, NX-TPSe

关键词： tailings pond identification Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) multi-scale attention semantic segmentation

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Effects of grape seed proanthocyanidin on the conformation and functional properties of lamb myofibrillar protein under hydroxyl radical-induced oxidative stress

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LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2025年 222卷

作者： Yang, Dongsong Zhang, Lingping Gao, Shuang Luo, Yulong Luo, Ruiming Hou, Yanru Ningxia Univ Coll Food Sci & Engn Yinchuan 750021 Peoples R China Guangzhou Light Ind Technician Coll Guangzhou 510000 Peoples R China Ningxia Univ Coll Agr Yinchuan 750021 Peoples R China

The oxidative damage of meat proteins during processing and storage leads to the degradation of the quality of meat products. To overcome this problem, the effects of grape seed proanthocyanidin (GSP) on the antioxidant capacity, structure, and physicochemical properties of the lamb myofibrillar protein (MP) under oxidative stress conditions were investigated. The protein structure and aggregation behavior were characterized by indicators such as sulfhydryl groups, surface hydrophobicity, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and zeta potential. The addition of GSP increased the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2 '-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity (HRSA) and decreased the content of carbonyl and free amino groups. The sulfhydryl groups content, absolute value of zeta potential, and storage modulus (G ') of oxidized MP were increased with the incorporation of GSP (10 mg/g protein). Intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence and FT-IR results indicated that GSP induced changes in protein conformation by reducing hydrophobic group exposure and restoring the alpha-helix. GSP, as a natural antioxidant, inhibited oxidative deterioration and modified the functional properties of meat products. This study provides a new way to improve the quality of meat products under oxidizing conditions.

关键词： Grape seed proanthocyanidin Myofibrillar protein Protein-polyphenol interaction Fenton oxidation system Physicochemical properties

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Effect of pre-soaking saturated limewater and sodium bicarbonate catalysis on carbonation of recycled fine aggregates

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CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS 2025年 464卷

作者： Wan, Lijun Qiao, Jiaqi Zhang, Guang-Zhu Northeast Forestry Univ Sch Civil Engn & Transportat Harbin 150040 Peoples R China Northeast Forestry Univ Inst Cold Reg Sci & Engn Harbin 150040 Peoples R China

The carbonation efficiency of gas-solid carbonation of recycled aggregates (RAs) limits its potential for development. In this study, four different carbonization methods were used to treat recycled fine aggregates( RFA), and the effects of saturated limewater pre-soaking pretreatment and changing the carbonization environment to weakly alkaline by sodium bicarbonate on the carbonization reaction of RFA were investigated. By testing the water absorption, apparent density, and crushing value of RFA before and after treatment, the modification ability of RFA by different carbonization methods was analyzed. The XRD, FTIR, SEM, TG, and porosity analyses of RFA before and after carbonization were carried out to reveal the effect of different factors of carbonization on the carbonization products, and to compare the carbonization efficiency of different carbonization methods. The effect of RFA treated in different ways on the properties of cement mortar was also analyzed by preparing cement mortar specimens using carbonated RFA. The experimental results confirmed that all four carbonization methods have obvious enhanced modifications of RFA. The saturated limewater pre-soaking method can significantly increase the upper limit of carbon sequestration for RFA. Changing the carbonation environment to weak alkaline by sodium bicarbonate had a significant catalytic effect on the carbonation process of RFA, and the carbon sequestration could reach 87.5 %-95.68 % of the total carbon sequestration within the first 10 hours. It was also found that the carbonation products were mainly angular cubic calcite when the ratio of [Ca]ch/[CO3]ch was high, and the carbonation environment was weakly alkaline.

关键词： Recycled fine aggregate Carbonation Preprocessing Sodium bicarbonate Catalytic

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Enhancing Herd Immunity: The Indirect Immune Effects of the M. bovis-BoHV-1 Combined Vaccine

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TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES 2025年第1期2025卷

作者： Zhang, Sen Liu, Guoxing Chen, Jianguo Guo, Aizhen Chen, Yingyu Huazhong Agr Univ Coll Vet Med Natl Key Lab Agr Microbiol Hubei Hongshan Lab Wuhan 430070 Peoples R China Cooperat Innovat Ctr Sustainable Pig Prod Hubei Int Sci & Technol Cooperat Base Vet Epidemio Wuhan 430070 Peoples R China Minist Agr & Rural Affair Key Lab Dev Vet Diagnost Prod Wuhan 430070 Peoples R China

Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is a complex illness driven by the interplay of various bacteria and viruses, often resulting in co-infection. It stands as one of the most significant and costly challenges in the cattle industry. The development of vaccines targeting BRD pathogens has garnered substantial attention, particularly for their ability to induce indirect immune protection in unvaccinated animals through the immune effects of vaccinated individuals. In this study, we comprehensively evaluated the indirect immune effect of our developed attenuated and marker Mycoplasma bovis-BoHV-1 combined vaccine. Our results demonstrated that the combined vaccine effectively activates the innate immune response in animals cohabitating with immunized individuals. This was evidenced by a significant increase in serum lysozyme levels, blood lymphocyte counts, and elevated cytokine levels. Furthermore, these cohabitating animals exhibited effective activation of the humoral immune response, as indicated by the elevated levels of specific antibodies against various pathogens. Notably, M. bovis serum ELISA antibodies and BoHV-1 neutralizing antibodies in all calves from the co-housing group turned positive by the second week, exceeding the threshold values of 41% and 1:8, respectively. In addition, serum levels of total IgA and IgG antibodies were significantly elevated compared to the blank control group. In conclusion, the attenuated and marker M. bovis-BoHV-1 combined vaccine we developed shows a notable indirect immune effect, which is essential for controlling the spread of infection and enhancing calf survival. This study greatly facilitated the sustainable growth of the cattle industry.

关键词： bovine respiratory disease combined vaccine indirect immune effect

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The RNA-binding protein LARP6 regulates the alternative splicing of related genes in MDA-MB-231 cells

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SCIENTIFIC REPORTS 2025年第1期15卷 1-13页

作者： Guo, Li Liu, Yaobang Yan, Shuxun Li, Hong Zhang, Kai Li, Jinping Ningxia Med Univ Dept Clin Med Yinchuan Peoples R China Ningxia Med Univ Dept Surg Oncol Gen Hosp 804 Shengli St Yinchuan 750001 Ningxia Peoples R China

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has the highest mortality rate of all breast cancer subtypes and currently lacks effective targeted therapies. LARP6 is an RNA-binding protein associated with cancer promotion, but its mechanism of action in TNBC remains unclear. We conducted RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and improved RNA immunoprecipitation and sequencing (iRIP-seq) to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and alternative splice sites bound and regulated by LARP6 in MDA-MB-231 cells. Finally, both RT-qPCR and RIP-qPCR were employed for verification. Our study revealed that LARP6 overexpression altered the expression levels of 171 genes and that the number of regulated alternative splicing events (RASEs) exceeded 1000. The regulated alternative splicing genes (RASGs) corresponding to RASEs were enriched in biological processes such as DNA repair, the cell cycle, and the cellular response to DNA damage stimulus. In addition, we found that LARP6 tends to bind the CGACGAG motif. The intersection of peak-related genes with RASGs suggested that LARP6 can bind to 16 genes and regulate their alternative splicing (AS), thus playing an important role in TNBC progression. Our research indicated that LARP6 may promote the proliferation and invasion of TNBC cells by directly regulating the AS of related genes, providing new clues for targeted therapy for TNBC.

关键词： TNBC LARP6 Alternative splicing iRIP-seq RNA-seq

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Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses reveal the key factors through which exogenous hormones regulate pedicel formation in Phalaenopsis orchids

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HORTICULTURE ENVIRONMENT AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2025年 1-11页

作者： Yan, Rui Huo, Yunyun Gao, Xiaofen Hao, Yang Ningxia Univ Coll Wine & Hort Yinchuan 750021 Peoples R China Ningxia Polytech Coll Life Sci & Technol Yinchuan 750021 Peoples R China

Phalaenopsis has a graceful flower posture and colorful flowers, and it has high ornamental and economic value. Notably, the flower quality and inflorescence configuration of Phalaenopsis orchids are significantly dependent on pedicel formation and development, and exogenous plant hormones play crucial roles in pedicel formation;however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we report that the plant regulator 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA) promoted pedicel formation and development in Phalaenopsis. We found that 150 mgL- 1 6-BA significantly promoted earlier pedicel axillary bud formation. Moreover, exogenous 150 mgL- 1 6-BA induced significant differences in the expression of endogenous indole and 6-BA during pedicel development, which may be the key hormones involved in promoting pedicel formation and development in Phalaenopsis orchids. In addition, we screened 15 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in hormone biosynthesis and signaling transition and verified their expression by qRT-PCR. These genes may be related to the regulation of pedicel formation. Our study provides insight into flower development in Phalaenopsis orchids.

关键词： Phalaenopsis Pedicel formation Physiological response Endogenous hormone Differentially expressed genes

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Efficient Electrochemical CO2 Conversion to CO via Cu-Doped Induced Lattice Compression in Ag Nanosheets

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SMALL 2025年第17期21卷 e2412550页

作者： Zhu, Min Zhang, Ting Wu, Jinlong Wang, Xiuli Zhang, Jin Li, Feng Li, Jing Ningxia Univ Sch Chem & Chem Engn State Key Lab High efficiency Coal Utilizat & Gree Yinchuan 750021 Ningxia Peoples R China Liupanshan Lab Yinchuan 750021 Ningxia Peoples R China Ningxia Univ Anal & Testing Ctr Yinchuan 750021 Ningxia Peoples R China

Lattice strain is widely recognized as an effective strategy for tuning transition metal catalytic activity, yet its direct impact on electrochemical CO2 reduction (ECO2RR) remains not fully understood. In this work, a strategy of Cu-doped Ag is employed to construct a series of AgCu nanosheet structures (NS) with varying lattice compression rates (from -1.90% to -2.75%). Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations, along with in situ infrared spectroscopic analysis, demonstrate that Cu incorporation efficiently modulates the electronic structure of Ag, promoting enhanced charge transfer. Especially, the changed lattice compression rates can alter the charge density at adsorption sites, thereby ameliorating the surface coverage of CO and adsorption energy of the reaction intermediates (*COOH and *CO). As a result, the AgCu5% catalyst exhibits a maximum Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 95.5% for CO production in an H-cell and 98% in a flow cell at -0.8 V-RHE, respectively. Simultaneously, the AgCu5% catalyst achieves FECO of above 86% in the ultrawide current range of 33-215 mA cm(-2). The work affords an effective way to use a strain compression strategy to improve the CO2 reduction performance.

关键词： Ag nanosheet CO selectivity CO2 reduction Cu doping lattice compression

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Understanding benefit finding among burn survivors: A latent profile analysis study

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BURNS 2025年第4期51卷 107393-107393页

作者： Juan, Zhang Jie, Gao Xiaowen, Zhang Haifen, Li Xuejun, Chai Ningxia Med Univ Gen Hosp Dept Burns Plast & Cosmet Surg Yinchuan Ningxia Peoples R China

Objective: This study aimed to utilize Latent Class Analysis to identify distinct benefit finding traits among burn survivors, analyze the differences in benefit finding between subgroups based on their demographic and clinical characteristics, and explore the variables that are associated with these distinct patterns. Method: From June 2022 to December 2023, a self-reported cross-sectional survey was conducted in Northeast China to investigate benefit finding among burn survivors. The survey included measures of demographic, clinical, specific emotion, and social isolation variables. Latent Class Analysis was used to identify benefit finding profiles, which were then described and compared based on these variables. Furthermore, associations between these profiles and both expressivity and social isolation were analyzed using multinomial logistic regression. Results: Among 147 burn survivors, three benefit finding subgroups emerged from Latent Class Analysis, Class A (65 [44.21%]), Class B (45 [30.61 %]) and Class C (37 [25.17 %]). Class A was the low benefit finding and adjustment difficulties group, Class B was the moderate level of benefit finding group, and Class C was the high level of benefit finding and perception of being loved group. Compared to Class B and C, post-burn survivors of Class A were more likely to experience adverse patient reported outcomes, specifically, lower family monthly income per capita, post-burn duration, difficulties in emotion expression, and social isolation (p < 0.05 for all). Clinical burn nursing staff should prioritize their attention on patients who exhibit low benefit finding and weakened coping abilities during post-burn rehabilitation. Additionally, it is crucial to encourage these patients to express their true feelings related to their disease experience. By improving their awareness of available social support and providing additional social resources, clinical burn nursing staff can help enhance these patients' sense of

关键词： Burn Survivors Benefit finding Emotion expression Social isolation Latent class analysis

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CAS-FGvit: an efficient convolutional additive mixer for fine-grained classification

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VISUAL COMPUTER 2025年 1-11页

作者： Zhang, Fangyan Wu, Pengju Hu, Chunsheng An, Wei Liang, Xiaojie Ningxia Univ Coll Adv Interdisciplinary Studies Yinchuan Peoples R China Ningxia Acad Agr & Forestry Sci Wolfberry Sci Res Inst Natl Wolfberry Engn Res Ctr Yinchuan Peoples R China

Fine-grained visual classification aims to recognize objects from subcategories, which is a very challenging task due to the subtle inter-class differences in nature. Most existing works mainly address this problem by reusing the backbone network to extract features of detected discriminative regions. However, this strategy inevitably complicates the process and forces the proposed regions to contain large parts of the object, thus failing to find the truly important parts. Recently, Convolutional Additive Visual Transformer (CAS-ViT) has shown outstanding performance in traditional classification tasks. In this work, we first evaluate the effectiveness of the CAS-ViT framework in the fine-grained recognition setting. First, we propose a part selection module that integrates all the original attention weights of the Transformer into the attention map to guide the network to effectively and accurately select discriminative image patches and compute their relations. Then, we propose an efficient multi-scale attention module to further reduce the computational workload. The enhanced model based on CAS-ViT is named CAS-FGvit and demonstrated its value by conducting experiments on the Lycium barbarum dataset and three popular fine-grained benchmarks, where we achieve state-of-the-art performance. To better understand our model, we present qualitative results.

关键词： Fine-grained visual classification Transformer Wolfberry Attention

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A method for the quantitative analysis of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBPs) using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR): From theoretical computation to experimental application

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SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2025年 326卷 125204页

作者： Nan, Zhuan Chen, Lulu Li, Guangxia Li, hui Li, Yanping Ma, Jianlong Ding, Jianbao Yang, Jin North Minzu Univ Sch Chem & Chem Engn Wenchang Rd Yinchuan 750021 Peoples R China Ningxia Wuxing Sci & Technol Co Ltd Yinchuan 750002 Peoples R China Ningxia Univ Coll Chem & Chem Engn Yinchuan 750021 Peoples R China Ningxia Res Ctr Nat Med Engn & Technol Yinchuan 750021 Peoples R China Zhejiang Skyherb Biotechnol Inc Huzhou 313000 Peoples R China

Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBPs) is one of the most important active substances in Lycium barbarum (LB). It is a challenge to quantitatively determine the content due to their complex structures and lack of suitable reference standard in practice. In this study, a quantitative analysis method of LBPs in LB was established based on Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The stretching vibration of -C-O- on the pyranose ring of saccharide at 921 cm(-1) was selected as the characteristic absorption band by theoretical calculation, which can't be impacted by the preparation methods and interfered by the component monosaccharides. The molecular weight CRM of dextran (Mw 63.3 kDa) served as the reference standard. The introducing internal standard (KSCN) can obtain a good precision (RSD = 1.10 %) and effectively compensate for the analysis errors caused by the environment, quality loss and uneven distribution during the tablet pressing processes. The methodological verification suggested that the method had good accuracy according to the recovery rate (96.61 %-105.45 %) and the blank recovery (92.39 %-99.37 %), respectively. The LOD and LOQ of CRMD were 0.10 mg and 0.32 mg, respectively. The polysaccharide content of LB from 24 different regions (0.50-2.54 %) and 10 batches of LB extracts (7.09-10.56 %) determined by the developed method less than the ones using phenol-sulfuric acid assay (1.95 %-4.83 % for LB and 9.83-15.53 % for extracts, respectively). The established method based on FTIR could be served as a supplement to phenol-sulfuric acid assay and a rapid quantitative assay for polysaccharides products. In additional, this study provided a new idea for the quantitative analysis of plant polysaccharides.

关键词： Lycium barbarum Polysaccharides Theoretical computation Quantitative analysis Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR)

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