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Climate and human activities alter coupling of soil macro- and micronutrients: Evidence from a long-term experiment in typical steppes

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GEODERMA 2025年 456卷

作者： Zhou, Yi Chang, Shenghua Huang, Xiaojuan Wang, Wenjun Hou, Fujiang Wang, Yanrong Nan, Zhibiao Lanzhou Univ Coll Pastoral Agr Sci & Technol Minist Educ Engn Res Ctr Grassland IndMinist Agr & Rural Affa Lanzhou 730020 Peoples R China Lanzhou Univ Minist Agr Key Lab Grassland Livestock Ind Innovat Lanzhou 730020 Peoples R China

Soil nutrients are essential for ecosystem function and food production. However, the long-term dynamics and ecological drivers of soil macro- and microelements, as well as their relationships, remain virtually unknown, especially in varying precipitation contexts. Here, we conducted a long-term experiment in typical steppes to explore the universal and differential mechanisms of soil macro- and microelements along the precipitation gradient. Our results showed decreases in soil Zn and Fe stocks, alongside increases in Cu, SOC, and STN stocks over time. From north to south, the temporal stability of SOC, STN, Cu and Zn stocks generally increased. Additionally, compared to the humid site, soil macronutrients showed stronger coupling with micronutrients at the arid site, especially Fe, followed by Mn, Zn, Cu. The sensitivity of soil macro- and microelements to climate change and human activities were correlated with the local background precipitation. Precipitation fluctuation, GDP per capita and current precipitation were significant factors contributing to the variation in soil macro- and microelements stock in the north, center and south. Climate explained 46%, 19%, and 16% of nutrient coupling variation in the north, center, and south sites, respectively. Across all sites, human activities explained 74% of variation. Altogether, our findings provide an overview of long-term soil macro- and microelement distribution, their coupling relationships, and driving factors under different precipitation contexts, which is important for grassland management and food production in future global change scenarios.

关键词： Climate change Human activities Soil nutrient stoichiometry Long-term monitoring Precipitation gradient Steppe ecosystems

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Carbon monoxide produced by HO-1 upregulation is the main factor behind the abnormal motility seen in experimental ulcerative colitis in mice

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AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY 2025年第3期328卷 G311-G322页

作者： Zhao, Mengchao Lei, Yaru Wang, Mengyuan Chen, Yixin Hou, Shaozhang Dai, Xinyuan Gao, Di Liu, Yudan Mazet, Bruno Sha, Lei Ningxia Med Univ Dept Pharm Gen Hosp Yinchuan Peoples R China China Med Univ Sch Pharm Dept Neuroendocrine Pharmacol Shenyang Peoples R China Ningxia Med Univ Sch Basic Med Sci Dept Pathol Yinchuan Peoples R China Aix Marseille Univ Inst NeuroPhysiopathol INP UMR CNRS 7051 Marseilles France

The colonic motility is altered in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), but the mechanism is not clear. Carbon monoxide (CO) is the molecule regulating the resting membrane potential (RMP) gradient across colonic smooth muscle wall. Changes in RMP will affect the contractility of smooth muscle. In this study, we investigated the altered colonic motility in dextran sodium sulfate-induced UC mice and the role of CO. The results showed that in the UC group, the frequency of spontaneous colonic contractions was increased while the AUC was decreased compared with the control group. HO-1-, but not HO-2-, positive cells were increased in the colonic smooth muscle wall of the UC group. These HO-1-positive cells were mainly in the myenteric plexus and PGP9.5 positive, suggesting neuronal overproduction of CO. The RMP of circular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in the colon of UC group was hyperpolarized compared with that of control group. In control group, application of CORM-3, a CO donor, altered colonic spontaneous contractions by increasing their frequency and decreasing amplitude. In the UC group, ZnPPIX, a HO-1 inhibitor, reduced the frequency and increased the amplitude. CORM-3 hyperpolarized the RMP of colonic SMCs and abolished its gradient in the control group, while ZnPPIX depolarized the RMP of colonic SMCs and restored its gradient in the UC group. CO produced by HO-1 upregulation is the main factor behind the altered colonic motility seen in UC mice. CO is a potential candidate as a therapeutic target for patients with UC who suffer from abnormal colonic motility. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Carbon monoxide (CO) produced by HO-1 upregulation in myenteric plexus is the main factor that abolishes the RMP gradient across colonic muscle wall causing the altered colonic motility seen in experimental ulcerative colitis (UC) mice. CO is a potential candidate as a therapeutic target for patients with UC who suffer from abnormal colonic motility.

关键词： carbon monoxide colonic motility heme oxygenase-1 resting membrane potential gradient ulcerative colitis

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Transcriptomics and non-targeted metabolomics provide mechanistic insights into the improvement of the growth performance and meat quality of lambs supplemented with fermented Lycium barbarum residues

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ANIMAL NUTRITION 2025年 21卷 11-24页

作者： Liao, Jiale Ke, Wencan Wang, Bing Du, Min Lu, Qiang Zhang, Yajun Zhang, Guijie Ningxia Univ Coll Forestry & Prataculture Yinchuan 750021 Peoples R China Ningxia Univ Coll Anim Sci & Technol Yinchuan 750021 Peoples R China China Agr Univ Coll Anim Sci & Technol State Key Lab Anim Nutr Beijing 100193 Peoples R China Washington State Univ Dept Anim Sci Nutrigen & Growth Biol Lab Pullman WA 99164 USA

This study investigated the effects of Lycium barbarum residues (LBR) and fermented L. barbarum residues (FLBR) on the growth performance and meat quality of lambs. Eighteen lambs were randomly assigned into three groups and fed either a basal diet (CON) or the same diet supplemented with 5.0% LBR or FLBR for a period of 90 days. The underlying mechanisms responsible for the beneficial effect of LBR and FLBR on the longissimus thoracis (LT) and intramuscular fat (IMF) tissues of lambs were examined using multiomics techniques. Our findings showed that FLBR supplementation significantly enhanced the average daily gain, feed efficiency, and nutrient digestibility (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Serum total protein (P = 0.007) and glucose (P = 0.002) levels were higher in the FLBR-fed lambs, while urea nitrogen level was lower (P = 0.001). Additionally, the levels of rumen acetate (P = 0.002) and propionate (P = 0.011) were significantly elevated, while ammonia-nitrogen (NH3-N), isobutyrate and isovalerate decreased (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01) following FLBR supplementation. Post-mortem meat quality was also improved by FLBR, as evidenced by enhanced total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase activity, pH, redness (a & lowast;), tenderness and water holding capacity (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), alongside a reduction in the malonaldehyde content (P < 0.001). Transcriptomic analysis identified 962 differentially expressed genes (DEGs, FLBR vs CON) and 782 DEGs (FLBR vs LBR) in LT, and 1313 DEGs (FLBR vs CON) and 1221 DEGs (FLBR vs LBR) in IMF. The ribosome signaling pathway related genes in LT tissue were activated by the FLBR diet (P < 0.05), showing a higher anabolism of protein. The genes involved in fatty acid biosynthesis in IMF tissue were upregulated by the FLBR diet (P < 0.05), showing a higher anabolism of lipids. Metabolomics analysis identified the 1732 differential metabolites in LT tissue following FLBR supplementation, with significant alterations in metabolites such a

关键词： Ruminant Agro-industrial residue Rumen fermentation Meat quality Lipid metabolism

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Estimation of Hand Pressure and Pose From RGB Images Based on Cross-Modal Cues

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IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL 2025年第1期25卷 2030-2039页

作者： Tang, Wei Shao, Liangjing Chen, Xinrong Fudan Univ Acad Engn & Technol Shanghai 200433 Peoples R China Fudan Univ Shanghai Key Lab Med Imaging Comp & Comp Assisted Shanghai 200032 Peoples R China

The hand is one of the most commonly used mediums for human-object interaction, and the sensing of hand force is an important research direction. Force measurement is traditionally realized by sensors, which is costly. Therefore, the visual-based method, which infers the hand pressure from RGB images, can be an effective way to estimate the contact force. To obtain a more accurate estimation of the hand tactile information through vision, the interaction of cross-modal information is designed into the model, and the shape and gesture information needed is introduced for the hand pressure measurement. The experimental results show that the new model designed outperforms the state-of-the-art (SOTA) model by 0.825%-5.93% in all important metrics on a large-scale dataset. In addition, the task of estimating hand posture and pressure from the same RGB image, as well as estimating the position of hand joints using regression models, can be obtained simultaneously.

关键词： Feature extraction Visualization Accuracy Sensors Force Predictive models Image segmentation Force measurement Pressure measurement Deformation Computer vision force sensing from vision hand pressure estimation tactile perception

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The LbNAM2-LbZDS module enhances drought resistance in wolfberry (Lycium barbarum) by participating in ABA biosynthesis

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PLANT JOURNAL 2025年第6期121卷 e70077页

作者： Ma, Fang Liang, Yunfei Meng, Fanyi Yang, Peizhi Guo, Cong Shi, Hongyan Ma, Mengqiu Wang, Yuqin Feng, Ru Cai, Yiyong Hu, Tixu Chen, Rugang Yin, Yue Zhan, Xiangqiang Northwest A&F Univ State Key Lab Crop Stress Resistance & High Effici Yangling 712100 Peoples R China Northwest A&F Univ Coll Hort Yangling 712100 Peoples R China Northwest A&F Univ Coll Grassland Agr Yangling 712100 Peoples R China Anhui Agr Univ Sch Life Sci Hefei 230036 Anhui Peoples R China Ulanqab Agr Technol & Popularizat Ctr Orthoped Ctr Ulanqab 012000 Inner Mongolia Peoples R China Shaanxi Jinpeng Seed Ind Co Ltd Yangling 712100 Peoples R China Ningxia Acad Agr & Forestry Sci Natl Wolfberry Engn Res Ctr Yinchuan 750002 Peoples R China

Wolfberry (Lycium barbarum L.) fruit, renowned for its high carotenoid content, is extensively used in traditional Chinese herbal medicine and cuisine. Drought is a significant global challenge to crop production, with carotenoids playing crucial roles in enhancing drought resistance in higher plants. zeta-Carotene desaturase (ZDS), a key enzyme in the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway, catalyzes the conversion of zeta-carotene to lycopene. However, the molecular mechanisms by which LbZDS responds to drought stress remain largely unexplored. In this study, we demonstrated that LbZDS transcription is induced by PEG, NaCl, and abscisic acid (ABA) treatments. Overexpression of LbZDS in both wolfberry and tomato plants conferred enhanced drought tolerance by promoting ABA synthesis. We further identified that the NAC transcription factor LbNAM2 directly binds to the promoter region of LbZDS and activates its expression, as evidenced by electrophoretic mobility shift assays, yeast one-hybrid assays, and dual-luciferase assays. Silencing LbNAM2, or dual silencing of LbNAM2 and LbZDS via virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS), severely compromised drought tolerance in wolfberry plants. Additionally, overexpression of LbZDS resulted in a marked increase in carotenoid content, while silencing either LbZDS, LbNAM2, or both together led to reduced carotenoid levels. In conclusion, our study provides critical insights into the functional roles and regulatory mechanisms of the LbNAM2-LbZDS module in drought stress response and carotenoid biosynthesis in wolfberry.

关键词： wolfberry LbZDS drought stress carotenoids LbNAM2 ABA biosynthesis

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Improved BPNN models based on different algorithms to predict the flexural capacity of corroded RC beams

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STRUCTURES 2025年 71卷

作者： Wang, Huxiang Bao, Chao Ma, Xiaotong Alshaikh, Ibrahim M. H. Al-Gaboby, Ziyad Cao, Jixing Ningxia Univ Sch Civil Engn & Hydraul Engn Yinchuan Ningxia Peoples R China North Minzu Univ Sch Civil Engn Yinchuan Ningxia Peoples R China Univ Sci & Technol Dept Civil Engn Sanaa Yemen Zhejiang Univ Coll Civil Engn & Architecture Hangzhou 310058 Peoples R China

Reinforced concrete (RC) beams used in marine and saline-alkaline environments experience a decline in their load-bearing capacity over time because of environmental corrosive agents. This is a complex and timeconsuming process, and the corrosion of the steel reinforcements is uneven. Hence, accurately determining the actual flexural capacity of corroded RC beams is challenging. This study predicts the flexural capacity of corroded RC beams using an improved back propagation neural network (BPNN) model with various algorithms, including Cuckoo Search (CS), Seagull optimization algorithm (SOA), whale optimization algorithm (WOA), and particle swarm optimization (PSO). The study aims to develop a robust predictive model for the flexural capacity of corroded RC beams. The dataset comprised 228 samples;ten parameters, including the geometric and mechanical properties of the RC beams, reinforcement parameters, and corrosion rate, were selected to predict the flexural capacity of the corroded RC beams. For the evaluation of the performance of the improved models, following indicators such as mean absolute error (MAE), root mean square error (RMSE), over-fitting analysis (OFA) and R2 were used. In addition, k-fold cross-validation is used to further verify the model's accuracy. Comparing the performance metrics of each model showed that the PSO-BP model has the highest R2 and the lowest RMSE and MAE values, which are 0.98, 2.979 kN center dot m, and 1.913 kN center dot m, respectively, indicating a strong correlation between the predicted results and experimental values. The accuracy and reliability of the PSO-BP model were further validated through visual graphical results such as Taylor diagrams, violin plots, and multiple histograms. Sensitivity analysis indicated that the area of the tensile reinforcement, effective depth of the beam cross-section, and corrosion rate of the longitudinal reinforcement significantly affected the flexural strength of the corroded RC beams

关键词： Corroded RC beams Flexural capacity Machine learning approaches Statistical analysis Cross validation

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Coding-complete genome sequence of a bovine viral diarrhea virus subgenotype 1v strain isolated in China

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MICROBIOLOGY RESOURCE ANNOUNCEMENTS 2025年第3期14卷 e0115024页

作者： Gao, Shandian Liu, Wei Shao, Junjun Zhang, Yun Guo, huichen Chang, huiyun Wang, Jiandong Chinese Acad Agr Sci Lanzhou Vet Res Inst Gansu Prov Res Ctr Basic Disciplines Pathogen Biol State Key Lab Anim Dis Control & Prevent Lanzhou Gansu Peoples R China Ningxia Acad Agr & Forestry Sci Inst Anim Sci Yinchuan Peoples R China

We sequenced the coding-complete genome sequence of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) strain NX2019/02. It belongs to the 1v subgenotype. This report will increase our understanding of the epidemiology of BVDV in China.

关键词： bovine viral diarrhea virus coding-complete genome sequence subgenotype

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Enhanced photoelectrocatalytic CO2 reduction to CO via structure-induced carrier separation in coral-like CuBi2O4-Bi2O3

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SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY 2025年 358卷

作者： Liu, Guorui Ma, Guorui Mu, Haiqiang Li, Jing Li, Feng Zhu, Min Zhang, Jin Ningxia Univ Sch Chem & Chem Engn State Key Lab High Efficiency Coal Utilizat & Gree Yinchuan 750021 Ningxia Peoples R China Liupanshan Lab Yinchuan 750021 Ningxia Peoples R China Ningxia Univ Anal & Testing Ctr Yinchuan 750021 Ningxia Peoples R China

Significant carrier recombination has severely limited the development of the most potential photoelectrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (PEC-CO2 RR). Herein, coral-like CuBi2O4-Bi2O3 photocathodes are prepared using the strategy of the construction of heterojunction to improve the efficiency of carrier separation. As expected, its faradic efficiency of CO (FECO) at the lower potential (0.1 V vs. RHE) is 86.03 %, which is about 1.49 times higher than that of the original CuBi2O4 film. The increased catalytic activity of CuBi2O4-Bi2O3 can be attributed to the high surface area of the distinctive coral-like structure of Bi2O3, which enhances light absorption efficiency. Additionally, the higher degree of band bending in CuBi2O4-Bi2O3 and the built-in electric field can speed up the transport rate of electrons, slow down the recombination of photogenerated electrons with holes and extend the lifetime of photogenerated electrons, allowing electrons to continuously participate in the reaction. This study proposes a novel strategy to optimize the efficiency of photoelectrocatalytic CO2 reduction by CuBi2O4-based photocathodes.

关键词： Photoelectrocatalytic reduction of CO2 Heterojunction CuBi2O4 Bi2O3 CO selectivity

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Enhanced battery life prediction with reduced data demand via semi-supervised representation learning

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第2期101卷 524-534,I0011页

作者： Liang Ma Jinpeng Tian Tieling Zhang Qinghua Guo Chi Yung Chung School of Mechanical MaterialsMechatronic and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of WollongongNSW 2522Australia Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering and Research Centre for Grid Modernisation The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloonHong Kong 999077China Photonics Research Institute The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloonHong Kong 999077China School of Electrical Computer and Telecommunications EngineeringUniversity of WollongongWollongongNSW 2522Australia

Accurate prediction of the remaining useful life(RUL)is crucial for the design and management of lithium-ion *** various machine learning models offer promising predictions,one critical but often overlooked challenge is their demand for considerable run-to-failure data for *** of such training data leads to prohibitive testing efforts as the run-to-failure tests can last for ***,we propose a semi-supervised representation learning method to enhance prediction accuracy by learning from data without RUL *** approach builds on a sophisticated deep neural network that comprises an encoder and three decoder heads to extract time-dependent representation features from short-term battery operating data regardless of the existence of RUL *** approach is validated using three datasets collected from 34 batteries operating under various conditions,encompassing over 19,900 charge and discharge *** method achieves a root mean squared error(RMSE)within 25 cycles,even when only 1/50 of the training dataset is labelled,representing a reduction of 48%compared to the conventional *** also demonstrate the method's robustness with varying numbers of labelled data and different weights assigned to the three decoder *** projection of extracted features in low space reveals that our method effectively learns degradation features from unlabelled *** approach highlights the promise of utilising semi-supervised learning to reduce the data demand for reliability monitoring of energy devices.

关键词： Lithium-ion batteries Battery degradation Remaining useful life Semi-supervised learning

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Enhancing Motion Reconstruction From Sparse Tracking Inputs With Kinematic Constraints

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AUTOMATION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2025年 22卷 5029-5037页

作者： Dai, Xiaokun Zhang, Xinkang Li, Shiman Chen, Xinrong Fudan Univ Acad Engn & Technol Shanghai 200433 Peoples R China Fudan Univ Yiwu Res Inst Yiwu 322000 Peoples R China Fudan Univ Sch Basic Med Sci Shanghai 200433 Peoples R China Shanghai Key Lab Med Image Comp & Comp Assisted In Shanghai 200032 Peoples R China Fudan Univ Acad Engn & Technol Shanghai 200433 Peoples R China Shanghai Key Lab Med Image Comp & Comp Assisted In Shanghai 200032 Peoples R China

In virtual reality, there is a growing demand for reconstructing accurate full-body 3D avatars from the sparse motion captured through head-mounted displays and hand-held controllers. However, due to the limited information from sparse inputs, precisely reconstructing full body poses is an ill-posed and challenging task. Existing methods often exhibit notable errors in lower body poses, which results in unrealistic poses and occasional floor penetration artifacts. To address the above issue, a MLP-based model with Kinematic Constraints and Temporal Diversity (KCTD) was proposed for full body poses reconstruction, which incorporates Kinematic Constraints Hierarchical Decoder with Temporal Diversity Awareness Module and a Generative Feedback Module to further improve the accuracy of the reconstruction of the full body poses. Specifically, the potential constraints of human kinematic chain are incorporated into the model through a hierarchical decoder, which elevates overall precision through the interaction of the human kinematic chain. Then, a temporal diversity awareness module is integrated into the hierarchical decoder to help the model capture information at different frequency in the time domain. In addition, a generative feedback module is imposed on leg poses reconstruction to further improve its accuracy without increasing the model's inference time. Test results on the AMASS dataset demonstrate that, the proposed model effectively improves the reconstruction accuracy of the full-body poses with the mean per joint rotation error and position error of of 2.60 and 3.62 respectively, which surpasses the state-of-the-art methods. Particularly, the proposed model can alleviate irrational poses in the lower body and reduce the floor penetration artifacts.

关键词： Kinematics Accuracy Solid modeling Image reconstruction Decoding Task analysis Predictive models Virtual reality pose reconstruction human kinematic prior multi-scale signal processing

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