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Claudin-1 Acts through c-Abl-Protein Kinase Cδ (PKCδ) Signaling and Has a Causal Role in the Acquisition of Invasive Capacity in human Liver Cells

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JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY 2010年第1期285卷 226-233页

作者： Yoon, Chang-Hwan Kim, Min-Jung Park, Myung-Jin Park, In-Chul Hwang, Sang-Gu An, Sungkwan Choi, Yung-Hyun Yoon, Gyesoon Lee, Su-Jae Hanyang Univ Dept Chem Res Inst Nat Sci Seoul 133791 South Korea Korea Inst Radiol & Med Sci Div Radiat Canc Biol Seoul 139706 South Korea Konkuk Univ Funct Genoproteome Res Ctr Seoul 143701 South Korea Dong Eui Univ Dept Biochem Coll Oriental Med Pusan 614052 South Korea Ajou Univ Sch Med Dept Biochem & Mol Biol Suwon 443721 South Korea

Claudins are identified as members of the tetraspanin family of proteins, which are integral to the structure and function of tight junction. Recent studies showed an increase in expression of claudins during tumorigenesis, which is associated with loss of cell-cell contact, dedifferentiation, and invasiveness. However, the molecular basis for the causal relationship between claudin expression and cancer progression is not fully understood yet. In this study, we show that claudin-1 plays a causal role in the acquisition of invasive capacity in human liver cells and that c-Abl-protein kinase C delta (PKC delta) signaling is critical for the malignant progression induced by claudin-1. Overexpression of claudin-1 clearly induced expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and cell invasion and migration in normal liver cells as well as in non-invasive human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. Conversely, small interfering RNA targeting of claudin-1 in invasive HCC cells completely inhibited cell invasion. Both c-Abl and PKC delta are found to be activated in normal liver cell line clones that stably overexpress claudin-1. Inhibition of either c-Abl or PKC delta alone clearly attenuated MMP-2 activation and impeded cell invasion and migration in both human HCC and normal liver cells expressing claudin-1. These results indicate that claudin-1 is both necessary and sufficient to induce invasive behavior in human liver cells and that activation of c-Abl-PKC delta signaling pathway is critically required for the claudin-1-induced acquisition of the malignant phenotype. The present observations raise the possibility of exploiting claudin-1 as a potential biomarker for the spread of liver cancer and might provide pivotal points for therapeutic intervention in HCC.

关键词： Hepatocytes liver cell line human-centered computing cell invasion Claudins

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Constructing a holistic view of shopping with people with visual impairment: a participatory design approach

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UNIVERSAL ACCESS IN THE INFORMATION SOCIETY 2019年第1期18卷 127-140页

作者： Yuan, Chien Wen Hanrahan, Benjamin V. Lee, Sooyeon Rosson, Mary Beth Carroll, John M. Fu Jen Catholic Univ Dept Advertising & Publ Relat Taipei Taiwan Penn State Univ Coll Informat Sci & Technol State Coll PA 16801 USA

We report and reflect on a participatory design (PD) process in which we engaged with people with visual impairments (PVI) over an extended period of time;these interactions were aimed at understanding and assessing PVI experiences about shopping and assistive technologies. In particular, we examined in detail how PVI conduct grocery shopping with the help of different technologies, and found that activities taking place in the homes of PVI reflect aspects of the shopping activity that are challenging but understudied in prior work. Our participants revealed that identifying products that have run short, itemizing needed products in a list, and organizing newly purchased products at home were difficult for them;we also discussed the tools they used and whether the tools did or did not help. We synthesize our findings and explain how the extended PD activities informed our ideas for future design, as well as suggesting principles for PD engagement with PVI participants.

关键词： Participatory design Assistive technology Visual impairment Grocery shopping human-centered computing

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You or Me? Personality Traits Predict Sacrificial Decisions in an Accident Situation

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VISUALIZATION AND COMPUTER GRAPHICS 2019年第5期25卷 1898-1907页

作者： Uijong, Ju Kang, June Wallraven, Christian Korea Univ Cognit Syst Lab Seoul South Korea

Emergency situations during car driving sometimes force the driver to make a sudden decision. Predicting these decisions will have important applications in updating risk analyses in insurance applications, but also can give insights for drafting autonomous vehicle guidelines. Studying such behavior in experimental settings, however, is limited by ethical issues as it would endanger peoples' lives. Here, we employed the potential of virtual reality (VR) to investigate decision-making in an extreme situation in which participants would have to sacrifice others in order to save themselves. In a VR driving simulation, participants first trained to complete a difficult course with multiple crossroads in which the wrong turn would lead the car to fall down a cliff. In the testing phase, obstacles suddenly appeared on the "safe" turn of a crossroad: for the control group, obstacles consisted of trees, whereas for the experimental group, they were pedestrians. In both groups, drivers had to decide between falling down the cliff or colliding with the obstacles. Results showed that differences in personality traits were able to predict this decision: in the experimental group, drivers who collided with the pedestrians had significantly higher psychopathy and impulsivity traits, whereas impulsivity alone was to some degree predictive in the control group. Other factors like heart rate differences, gender, video game expertise, and driving experience were not predictive of the emergency decision in either group. Our results show that self-interest related personality traits affect decision-making when choosing between preservation of self or others in extreme situations and showcase the potential of virtual reality in studying and modeling human decision-making.

关键词： computing methodologies Virtual reality Applied computing Psychology Software and its engineering Interactive games human-centered computing Laboratory experiments

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Classification of Internal and External Distractions in an Educational VR Environment Using Multimodal Features

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VISUALIZATION AND COMPUTER GRAPHICS 2024年第11期30卷 7332-7342页

作者： Asish, Sarker M. Kulshreshth, Arun K. Borst, Christoph W. Sutradhar, Shaon Florida Polytech Univ Lakeland FL 33805 USA Univ Louisiana Lafayette LA 70504 USA AIMEN AI & Data Analyt Lab O Porrino Spain

Virtual reality (VR) can potentially enhance student engagement and memory retention in the classroom. However, distraction among participants in a VR-based classroom is a significant concern. Several factors, including mind wandering, external noise, stress, etc., can cause students to become internally and/or externally distracted while learning. To detect distractions, single or multi-modal features can be used. A single modality is found to be insufficient to detect both internal and external distractions, mainly because of individual variability. In this work, we investigated multi-modal features: eye tracking and EEG data, to classify the internal and external distractions in an educational VR environment. We set up our educational VR environment and equipped it for multi-modal data collection. We implemented different machine learning (ML) methods, including k-nearest-neighbors (kNN), Random Forest (RF), one-dimensional convolutional neural network - long short-term memory (1 D-CNN-LSTM), and two-dimensional convolutional neural networks (2D-CNN) to classify participants' internal and external distraction states using the multi-modal features. We performed cross-subject, cross-session, and gender-based grouping tests to evaluate our models. We found that the RF classifier achieves the highest accuracy over 83% in the cross-subject test, around 68% to 78% in the cross-session test, and around 90% in the gender-based grouping test compared to other models. SHAP analysis of the extracted features illustrated greater contributions from the occipital and prefrontal regions of the brain, as well as gaze angle, gaze origin, and head rotation features from the eye tracking data.

关键词： Electroencephalography Feature extraction Gaze tracking Brain modeling Physiology Avatars Convolutional neural networks Machine Learning human-centered computing EEG Eye-tracking

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Mixed Reality humans: Evaluating Behavior, Usability, and Acceptability

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VISUALIZATION AND COMPUTER GRAPHICS 2009年第3期15卷 369-382页

作者： Kotranza, Aaron Lok, Benjamin Deladisma, Adeline Pugh, Carla M. Lind, D. Scott Univ Florida Dept Comp & Informat Sci & Engn Gainesville FL 32611 USA Med Coll Georgia Dept Surg Augusta GA 30912 USA Northwestern Univ Feinberg Sch Med Chicago IL 60611 USA

This paper presents mixed reality humans (MRHs), a new type of embodied agent enabling touch-driven communication. Affording touch between human and agent allows MRHs to simulate interpersonal scenarios in which touch plays a crucial role. Two studies provide an initial evaluation of user behavior with an MRH patient and the usability and acceptability of an MRH patient for practice and evaluation of medical students' clinical skills. In Study I (n = 8), it was observed that students treated MRHs as social actors more than students in prior interactions with virtual human patients (n = 27), and used interpersonal touch to comfort and reassure the MRH patient similarly to prior interactions with human patients (n = 76). In the within-subjects Study II (n = 11), medical students performed a clinical breast exam on each of the MRH and human patient. Participants performed equivalent exams with the MRH and human patients, demonstrating the usability of MRHs to evaluate students' physical exam skills. The acceptability of the MRH patient for practicing exam skills was high as students rated the experience as believable and educationally beneficial. Acceptability was improved from Study I to Study II due to an increase in the MRH's visual realism, demonstrating that visual realism is critical for simulation of specific interpersonal scenarios.

关键词： Intelligent agents virtual reality human-centered computing user interfaces evaluation/methodology medicine

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An Interactive Differential Evolution Method With human Auditory Perception for Sound Composition

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COGNITIVE AND DEVELOPMENTAL SYSTEMS 2024年第3期16卷 1134-1146页

作者： Wang, Yanan Pei, Yan Shindo, Hayato Liu, Qing Ren, Hai-Peng Univ Aizu Grad Sch Comp Sci & Engn Aizu Wakamatsu Fukushima 9658580 Japan Univ Aizu Comp Sci Div Aizu Wakamatsu Fukushima 9658580 Japan Xian Univ Technol Shaanxi Key Lab Complex Syst Control & Intelligent Xian 710048 Shaanxi Peoples R China

Interactive evolutionary computation (IEC) finds diverse applications in the domain of sound. However, there is a lack of methods and operations for combining sound elements into a composite sound during the crossover phase of sound composition. To this end, we propose a novel composite crossover operation using paired comparison-based interactive differential evolution. This operation integrates the target and mutant vectors into a composite sound through linear rescaling, enabling users to synthesize and assess their preferred sounds during the evaluation phase. Moreover, an optimization-stopping mechanism is incorporated to allow users to halt the process when a satisfactory sound is produced. This helps to alleviate user fatigue by eliminating unnecessary candidate sounds and improving the efficiency of the composition process by reducing redundant generations and time consumption. The efficacy of this operation was demonstrated through comparative testing and sound quality analysis. Furthermore, this article presents an original analytical approach based on four fundamental attributes of sound for analyzing human auditory preferences in composite sounds. This method combines both quantitative and qualitative paradigms, achieved through principal component analysis and human subjective auditory analysis. These discoveries have significant implications for both sound composition and the analysis of human auditory perception.

关键词： IEC Fatigue Music Evolutionary computation Testing Media IEC Standards Auditory perception human-centered computing interactive differential evolution (IDE) interactive evolutionary computation (IEC) preference analysis sound composition

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CERVI: collaborative editing of raster and vector images

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VISUAL COMPUTER 2022年第12期38卷 4057-4070页

作者： Bath, Ulrike Shekhar, Sumit Egbert, Julian Schmidt, Julian Semmo, Amir Doellner, Juergen Trapp, Matthias Univ Potsdam Hasso Plattner Inst IT Syst Engn ITSE Potsdam Germany Univ Potsdam Hasso Plattner Inst Potsdam Germany Univ Potsdam Hasso Plattner Inst IT Syst Engn Potsdam Germany Univ Potsdam Hasso Plattner Inst Anal Planning & Construct Complex Syst Potsdam Germany Digital Masterpieces GmbH Res & Dev Potsdam Germany

Various web-based image-editing tools and web-based collaborative tools exist in isolation. Research focusing to bridge the gap between these two domains is sparse. We respond to the above and develop prototype groupware for real-time collaborative editing of raster and vector images in a web browser. To better understand the requirements, we conduct a preliminary user study and establish communication and synchronization as key elements. The existing groupware for text documents or presentations handles the above through well-established techniques. However, those cannot be extended as it is for raster or vector graphics manipulation. To this end, we develop a document model that is maintained by a server and is delivered and synchronized to multiple clients. Our prototypical implementation is based on a scalable client-server architecture: using WebGL for interactive browser-based rendering and WebSocket connections to maintain synchronization. We evaluate our work qualitatively through a post-deployment user study for three different scenarios. For quantitative evaluation, we perform a thorough performance measure on both client and server side, thereby identifying design recommendations for future concurrent image-editing software(s).

关键词： human-centered computing Collaborative interaction Image processing Web-based interaction

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A Multi-aperture Coaxial Projector Balancing Shadow Suppression and Deblurring

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VISUALIZATION AND COMPUTER GRAPHICS 2024年第11期30卷 7031-7041页

作者： Kusuyama, Hiroki Kageyama, Yuta Iwai, Daisuke Sato, Kosuke Osaka Univ Suita Osaka Japan

This paper proposes a projection system that optically removes the cast shadow in projection mapping. Specifically, we realize the large-aperture (LA) projection using a large-format Fresnel lens to suppress cast shadows by condensing the projection light from a wide viewing angle. However, the resolution and contrast of the projected results are significantly degraded by defocus blur, veiling glare, and stray light caused by the aberration of an LA Fresnel lens. To solve the technical problems, we employ two different approaches: optical and digital image processing methods. First, we introduce a residual projector with a typical aperture lens on the same optical axis as the LA projector, projecting the residual (i.e., high-frequency) components attenuated in the LA projection. These projectors play different roles in shadow suppression and blur compensation, both achieved by projecting simultaneously. Secondly, we optimize the pair of projection images that can balance the shadow suppression and deblurring performance of our projection system. We implemented a proof-of-concept prototype and validated the above-mentioned techniques through projection experiments and a user study.

关键词： human-centered computing human computer interaction (HCI) Interaction devices Displays and imagers computing methodologies Computer graphics Graphics systems and interfaces Mixed / augmented reality

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Reducing User Perceived Latency with a Proactive Prefetching Middleware for Mobile SOA Access

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WEB SERVICES RESEARCH 2011年第1期8卷 68-85页

作者： Schreiber, Daniel Goeb, Andreas Aitenbichler, Erwin Muehlhaeuser, Max Tech Univ Darmstadt Darmstadt Germany

Network latency is one of the most critical factors for the usability of mobile SOA applications. This paper introduces prefetching and caching enhancements for an existing SOA framework for mobile applications to reduce the user perceived latency. Latency reduction is achieved by proactively sending data to the mobile device that could most likely be requested at a later time. This additional data is piggybacked onto responses to actual requests and injected into a client side cache, so that it can be used without an additional connection. The prefetching is done automatically using a sequence prediction algorithm. The benefit of prefetching and caching enhancements were evaluated for different network settings and a reduction of user perceived latency of up to 31% was found in a typical scenario. In contrast to other prefetching solutions, our piggybacking approach also allows to significantly increase battery lifetime of the mobile device.

关键词： Buffering Distributed Applications human-centered computing Low-Bandwidth Operation Mobile Communication Systems Web-Based Services

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A human-centered Semantic Service Platform for the Digital Ecosystems Environment

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WORLD WIDE WEB-INTERNET AND WEB INFORMATION SYSTEMS 2010年第1-2期13卷 75-103页

作者： Dong, Hai Hussain, Farookh Khadeer Chang, Elizabeth Curtin Univ Technol Digital Ecosyst & Business Intelligence Inst Bentley WA 6102 Australia

Digital Ecosystems (DEST) have emerged with the purpose of enhancing communications among small and medium enterprises (SMEs) within the worldwide Business Ecosystem. However, because of the diversity and heterogeneity of the services in the DEST environment, existing commercial products or research outputs cannot be directly applied to this field so as to fulfill the requirements of SMEs. human-centered computing has been applied to many areas, such as social classification, community-based ontology evolution, and more importantly, human-centered systems. In this paper, we propose a framework for a human-centered semantic service platform, in order to address the issue in the DEST environment. This framework incorporates the features of human-centered metadata publishing, maintenance and clustering, community-based ontology revolution and human-centered service retrieval, evaluation and ranking. To thoroughly validate the framework, we implement a prototype in the transport service domain, and conduct a series of evaluation experiments on the basis of this prototype.

关键词： digital ecosystems (abbreviated as DEST) human-centered computing human-centered systems ontology revolution QoS evaluation service platform

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