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Tutorials in eLearning-How Presentation Affects Outcomes

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON EMERGING TOPICS IN computing 2017年第1期5卷 20-31页

作者： Copeland, Leana D. Gedeon, Tom D. Australian Natl Univ Canberra ACT 2601 Australia

The presentation of learning materials affects how we learn. In this paper, we use eye tracking to investigate how different sequences of text and test questions affect performance outcomes, eye movements, and reading behavior for first (L1) English language and second (L2) English language readers. We show that different presentation sequences induce different performance outcomes, eye movements, and reading behavior. The sequence can affect how a participant reads the text as well as their perceptions of how well they understood what they read. For instance, if questions and text are not shown together, this improves participants' ability to accurately perceive their comprehension and promotes thorough reading. Alternatively, showing questions before the text promotes skimming behavior. Importantly, the presentation sequence affects both L1 and L2 readers in the same way. We observe that L2 reader take longer to read text but have the same comprehension levels as L1 readers;this difference comes primarily from longer fixation durations. The results from this paper can be used to design learning materials in eLearning environments to influence how students interact with the learning environment as well as how they learn. The purpose of this investigation is to make informative decisions about designing adaptive eLearning environments.

关键词： human-centered computing Web-based interaction education computer uses in education

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human-centered design of a distributed knowledge management system

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JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL INFORMATICS 2005年第1期38卷 4-17页

作者： Rinkus, S Walji, M Johnson-Throop, KA Malin, JT Turley, JP Smith, JW Zhang, JJ Univ Texas Sch Hlth Informat Sci Houston TX 77030 USA NASA Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr Houston TX 77058 USA

Many healthcare technology projects fail due to the lack of consideration of human issues, such as workflow, organizational change, and usability, during the design and implementation stages of a project's development process. Even when human issues are considered, the consideration is typically on designing better user interfaces. We argue that human-centered computing goes beyond a better user interface: it should include considerations of users, functions and tasks that are fundamental to human-centered computing. From this perspective, we integrated a previously developed human-centered methodology with a Project Design Lifecycle, and we applied this integration in the design of a complex distributed knowledge management system for the Biomedical Engineer (BME) domain in the Mission Control Center at NASA Johnson Space Center. We analyzed this complex system, identified its problems, generated systems requirements, and provided specifications of a replacement prototype for effective organizational memory and knowledge management. We demonstrated the value provided by our human-centered approach and described the unique properties, structures, and processes discovered using this methodology and how they contributed in the design of the prototype. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： human-centered computing organizational memory knowledge management collaborative groupware information systems design ethnographic project lifecycle

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A Low-Power, Battery-Free Tag for Body Sensor Networks

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IEEE PERVASIVE computing 2010年第1期9卷 71-77页

作者： Mandal, Soumyajit Turicchia, Lorenzo Sarpeshkar, Rahul MIT Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci Cambridge MA 02139 USA

The authors describe a low-power, battery-free tag for use in pervasive sensing applications such as wearable patient-monitoring systems and body sensor networks. The tag consists of a custom integrated circuit, an antenna for RF energy harvesting, and several sensors for monitoring important physiological parameters and generating alarms when necessary. They also describe experimental results with phonocardiogram and photoplethysmogram signals and demonstrate tag localization within 0.6 m by using an audio localization scheme.

关键词： Microphones Heart Radio frequency Monitoring Skin Biomedical monitoring Wrist human-centered computing body sensor networks localization wireless monitoring wearable sensors energy harvesting pervasive monitoring body area networks

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Theranostics for hepatocellular carcinoma with Fe3O4@ZnO nanocomposites

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BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE 2016年第2期4卷 288-298页

作者： Zhang, Haijun Patel, Nishant Ding, Shuang Xiong, Jian Wu, Pingping Southeast Univ Sch Med Zhongda Hosp Dept Oncol Nanjing Jiangsu Peoples R China Jiangsu Canc Hosp Nanjing Jiangsu Peoples R China

The purpose of the current study is to investigate Fe3O4@ZnO nanocomposites as theranostic agents for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Initially, the transferrin receptor antibody (TfR Ab) functionalized Fe3O4@ZnO nanocomposites, followed by loading with doxorubicin (Dox) and denoted as Fe3O4@ZnO/Dox/TfR Ab, were prepared as an all-in-one system allowing for a targeted drug delivery with simultaneous concurrent chemoradiotherapy and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) monitoring. The diagnostic and therapeutic functionalities for HCC were evaluated in vitro and in a murine orthotopic models using cell viability assays, cell cycle tests, histopathological examinations, and serum biochemistry tests. The results demonstrated that Fe3O4@ZnO/Dox/TfR Ab could deliver Dox into the targeted HCC SMMC-7721 cells to enhance its chemotherapeutic efficiency. Besides, with the addition of short term and low dose X-ray illumination, the Fe3O4@ZnO nanocomposites showed excellent radiosensitizer properties, further attacking the cancer cells. Tumor cells were also mostly arrested at G2/M, resulting in a distinct inhibition of cell proliferation. In vivo, after the treatment, a noninvasive visualization monitoring through MRI showed that tumor growth was significantly suppressed by the targeted chemoradiotherapy mediated by Fe3O4@ZnO/Dox/TfR Ab. Therefore, Fe3O4@ZnO nanocomposites could mediate the theranostic strategy for hepatocellular carcinoma.

关键词： Hepatocellular Cancer Inhibition of Cell Proliferation Nanocomposites tumor growth Circulating Neoplastic Cells human-centered computing Theranostics Drug Liberation

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Right hepatectomy by the anterior method with liver hanging versus conventional approach for large hepatocellular carcinomas

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BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY 2010年第7期97卷 1070-1078页

作者： Wu, T-J Wang, F. Lin, Y-S Chan, K-M Yu, M-C Lee, W-C Chang Gung Univ Sch Med Chang Gung Mem HospLinkou Med Ctr Div Transplantat & Liver SurgDept Gen Surg Tao Yuan Taiwan Chang Gung Univ Grad Inst Clin Med Sci Tao Yuan Taiwan

Background: The aim was to compare short-term results of right hepatectomy using the anterior approach (AA) and liver hanging manoeuvre with the conventional approach (CA) for large hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: This was a retrospective review of 71 consecutive patients with HCC at least 5 cm in diameter who underwent curative right hepatectomy using either the AA with the liver hanging manoeuvre (33) or the CA (38) between January 2004 and December 2008. Clinical data, operative results and survival outcomes were analysed. Results: The groups had similar clinical, laboratory and pathological parameters. The AA group had larger tumours than the CA group (P = 0.039), but comparable grade and stage distribution. The operative results were similar except for an increased blood transfusion requirement with the conventional procedure (P = 0.001). The AA group had a lower recurrence rate (P = 0.003) and better disease-free survival (DFS) (P = 0.001) than the CA group, but overall survival rates were not significantly different (P = 0.091). Presence of tumour encapsulation, absence of tumour microvascular invasion and AA were predictive of DFS, whereas tumour stage was the only independent predictor of overall survival. Conclusion: The AA right hepatectomy with liver hanging manoeuvre for large HCC is associated with reduced blood transfusion requirement and lower recurrence rates in the short term.

关键词： Hepatocellular Cancer Repetition rate hanging Hepatectomy Blood Transfusion Liver Tumours Depth--first search Neoplasm Staging human-centered computing short duration

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HLA-A2-restricted glypican-3 peptide-specific CTL clones induced by peptide vaccine show high avidity and antigen-specific killing activity against tumor cells

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CANCER SCIENCE 2011年第5期102卷 918-925页

作者： Yoshikawa, Toshiaki Nakatsugawa, Munehide Suzuki, Shiro Shirakawa, Hirofumi Nobuoka, Daisuke Sakemura, Noriko Motomura, Yutaka Tanaka, Yukie Hayashi, Shin-Ichi Nakatsura, Tetsuya Natl Canc Ctr Hosp E Res Ctr Innovat Oncol Investigat Treatment Div Sect Canc Immunotherapy Kashiwa Chiba Japan Tottori Univ Fac Med Sch Life Sci Dept Mol & Cellular BiolDiv Immunol Yonago Tottori 683 Japan Jichi Med Univ Saitama Med Ctr Div Hematol Saitama Japan

Glypican-3 (GPC3) is an onco-fetal antigen that is overexpressed in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and is only expressed in the placenta and embryonic liver among normal tissues. Previously, we identified an HLA-A2-restricted GPC3(144-152) (FVGEFFTDV) peptide that can induce GPC3-reactive CTLs without inducing autoimmunity in HLA-A2 transgenic mice. In this study, we carried out a phase I clinical trial of HLA-A2-restricted GPC3(144-152) peptide vaccine in 14 patients with advanced HCC. Immunological responses were analyzed by ex vivo gamma-interferon enzyme-linked immunospot assay. The frequency of GPC3(144-152) peptide-specific CTLs after vaccination (mean, 96;range, 5-441) was significantly larger than that before vaccination (mean, 6.5;range, 0-43) (P < 0.01). An increase in the GPC3(144-152) peptide-specific CTL frequency was observed in 12 (86%) of 14 patients after vaccination. Additionally, there was a significant correlation between the maximum value of GPC3(144-152) peptide-specific CTLs after vaccination and the dose of the peptide injected (P = 0.0166, r = 0.665). Moreover, we established several GPC3(144-152) peptide-specific CTL clones from PBMCs of patients vaccinated with GPC3(144-152) peptide by single cell sorting using Dextramer and CD107a antibody. These CTL clones had high avidity (the recognition efficiency showing 50% cytotoxicity was 10-10 or 10-11 M) and could recognize HCC cell lines expressing GPC3 in an HLA-class I-restricted manner. These results suggest that GPC3(144-152) peptide vaccine can induce high avidity CTLs capable of killing HCC cells expressing GPC3. This trial was registered with University Hospital Medical Information Network number 000001395. (Cancer Sci 2011;102: 918-925).

关键词： Cell-Mediated Lympholytic Cells Prophylactic vaccination Peptides specific antigen Peptide Vaccines Avidity maximum value GPC3 gene Glypican 3 human-centered computing Neoplastic Cell

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Low cyclin F expression in hepatocellular carcinoma associates with poor differentiation and unfavorable prognosis

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CANCER SCIENCE 2013年第4期104卷 508-515页

作者： Fu, Jia Qiu, Huijuan Cai, Muyan Pan, Yinghua Cao, Yun Liu, Lili Yun, Jingping Zhang, Chris Zhiyi Sun Yat Sen Univ Ctr Canc State Key Lab Oncol South China Guangzhou 510275 Guangdong Peoples R China Sun Yat Sen Univ Ctr Canc Dept Pathol Guangzhou 510275 Guangdong Peoples R China Sun Yat Sen Univ Ctr Canc Dept Tradit Chinese Med Guangzhou 510275 Guangdong Peoples R China Sun Yat Sen Univ Affiliated Hosp 1 Dept Rheumatol & Immunol Guangzhou 510275 Guangdong Peoples R China

Cyclin F, capable of forming Skp1-Cul1-F-box protein ubiquitin ligase complex, is implicated in controlling centrosome duplication and preventing genome instability. Cyclin F oscillates during cell cycle with a similar pattern to cyclin A. However, its expression and significance in cancer remain obscure. In this study, we showed that cyclin F was noticeably decreased in 16 pairs of tissue samples of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) compared to paracarcinoma tissues, at both mRNA and protein levels. Immunohistochemical staining data revealed that in 71.8% (176/245) of HCC cases, cyclin F expression in tumor tissue was much lower than that in nontumorous tissue. Low cyclin F expression, defined by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, was present in 69.0% of HCC patients. Low expression of cyclin F was significantly correlated with tumor size, clinical stage, serum alpha-fetoprotein level and tumor multiplicity. Further study showed that cyclin F expression was reversely associated with tumor differentiation in HCC. KaplanMeier analysis indicated that low cyclin F expression was related to poor overall survival and recurrence-free survival. The prognostic impact of cyclin F was further confirmed by stratified survival analysis. Importantly, multivariate analysis revealed that low cyclin F expression was an independent poor prognostic marker for overall survival. We conclude that cyclin F is downregulated in HCC and is a promising prognostic marker for patients suffering from this deadly disease. (Cancer Sci 2013;104: 508-515)

关键词： Prognostic Marker Hepatocellular Cancer Survival Analysis tumor tissue CCNF gene human-centered computing ROC Curve tumor differentiation

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Multivariate Analysis of Prognostic Factors for Survival following Doxorubicin-eluting Bead Transarterial Chemoembolization for Hepatocellular Carcinoma

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JOURNAL OF VASCULAR AND INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY 2013年第5期24卷 647-654页

作者： Sellers, Marty T. Huggins, Sidney Kegley, Kristy Pollinger, Harrison S. Shrestha, Roshan Johnson, Mark W. Stein, Lance L. Panjala, Chakri Tan, Miguel Arepally, Aravind Jacobs, Louis Caldwell, Christopher Bosley, Michael Citron, Steven J. Piedmont Hosp Hepatobiliary Serv Piedmont Transplant Inst Atlanta GA 30309 USA Piedmont Hosp Sect Intervent Radiol Dept Radiol Atlanta GA 30309 USA

Purpose: To identify prognostic factors for survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated with transarterial chemoembolization with doxorubicin-eluting beads (DEBs). Materials and Methods: In a retrospective;single-center analysis, tumor- and patient-related factors were recorded for univariate and multivariate analyses via Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression. Infiltrative HCC phenotype and portal vein. invasion (PVI) were correlated, and patients with either or both were classified as having radiographically advanced (RAdv) HCC. The primary endpoint was overall survival, which was calculated from the time of first DEB Chemoembolization procedure. Results: A total of 168 patients underwent 248: procedures, of which 215 (86.7%) were outpatient procedures. Mean length of stay was 0.33 days, and 25 patients (10.1%) were readmitted within 30 days. A total of 33 patients underwent liver transplantation and were excluded from survival analyses. A total of 150 had cirrhosis;62, 50, and 18 had Child class A, B, and C disease, respectively. Forty-one patients had infiltrative HCC phenotype, 28 of whom also had PVI. Multivariate analysis of survival in all patients showed, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), performance status (PS) RAdv HCC, Child classification, albumin level, and ascites to predict survival: In patients without RAdv HCC AFP, PS, Child classification, albumin level, and International :Normalized Ratio were independent predictors. Increased bilirubin level was not an-independent risk factor for death. Conclusions: Independent prognostic factors in patients with HCC undergoing DEB chemoembolization have been: identified. Increased bilirubin level Was not an independent risk factor. These data can he used in HCC patient selection and counseling for DEB chemoembolization.

关键词： α-fetoprotein AFP Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer BCLC Child-Turcotte-Pugh CI confidence interval CTP DEB doxorubicin-eluting bead Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group ECOG hazard ratio HCC hepatocellular carcinoma HR INR International Normalized Ratio MELD Model for End-stage Liver Disease performance status portal vein invasion PS PVI radiographically advanced RAdv Hepatocellular Cancer chemoembolization End Stage Liver Disease hazard ratio cytidine triphosphate Survival Analysis human-centered computing Electrocorticography Polystyrenes Heart Rate

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Mesohepatectomy for centrally located hepatocellular carcinoma: An appraisal of a rare procedure

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JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF SURGEONS 1999年第5期188卷 508-515页

作者： Wu, CC Ho, WL Chen, JT Tang, CS Yeh, DC Liu, TJ P'eng, FK Taichung Vet Gen Hosp Chung Shan Med Coll Dept Surg Taichung Taiwan Taichung Vet Gen Hosp Chung Shan Med Coll Dept Pathol Taichung Taiwan Natl Yang Ming Univ Sch Med Dept Surg Taipei 112 Taiwan

Background: For centrally located hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), extended major hepatectomy is usually recommended, but the risk of postoperative liver failure is high when liver function is not sound. Mesohepatectomy (en bloc resection of Goldsmith and Woodburne's left medial and right anterior segments or Couinaud's segments IV, V, and VIII) is a rare procedure, so its role in treating HCC is unclear. Study Design: We retrospectively reviewed 364 patients who underwent a curative resection for HCC. Among them, 15 patients were treated by mesohepatectomy, Their nontumorous liver revealed cirrhosis in 11 and chronic hepatitis in 4. The mean tumor diameter was 12.8 cm. In 10 of the 15 patients, HCC also invaded adjacent organs. The operative results of another 25 patients with different disease extent who underwent extended major hepatectomy were compared. Results: The hepatic inflow occlusion time for mesohepatectomy was longer than for extended hepatectomy (p = 0.01). The mean operative blood loss, amount of blood transfusion, operating time, and postoperative hospital stay in the mesohepatectomy group were 2,450 mL, 1,100 mL, 7.9 hours, and 14.9 days, respectively. In the extended-hepatectomy group, the: values were 1,863 mL, 768 mL, 5.8 hours, and 16.8 days, respectively (all p > 0.05 compared with mesohepatectomy). No patient died after mesohepatectomy;but after extended hepatectomy there was one death from liver failure. The Union Internationale contre le cancer (UICC) TNM stages of patients who underwent mesohepatectomy were as follows: stage II in 1, stage III in 4, and stage IVA in 10. All patients who underwent extended hepatectomy presented with stage IVA disease. The 6-year disease-free and actuarial survival rates after mesohepatectomy were 21% and 30%, respectively The 6-year disease-free survival rate after extended hepatectomy was 9% (p = 0.11 compared with mesohepatectomy). Conclusion: Although mesohepatectomy is time-consuming, it is justified for

关键词： Carcinoma Hepatocellular Hepatectomy Liver Neoplasms 癌肝细胞肝切除术肝肿瘤 Acute Liver Failure Survival Rate Goldsmith Hepatectomy Liver Neoplasms human-centered computing Carcinoma

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Clinical significance of transient receptor potential vanilloid 2 expression in human hepatocellular carcinoma

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CANCER GENETICS AND CYTOGENETICS 2010年第1期197卷 54-59页

作者： Liu, Guoxing Xie, Chengzhi Sun, Fadi Xu, Xundi Yang, Yaohui Zhang, Tao Deng, Yuansheng Wang, Dianchen Huang, Zhao Yang, Leping Huang, Shengfu Wang, Qunwei Liu, Guoli Zhong, Dewu Miao, Xiongying Cent S Univ Xiangya Hosp 2 Dept Surg Changsha 410011 Hunan Peoples R China

Transient receptor potential vanilloid 2 (TRPV2), one of the members of TRP (transient receptor potential) superfamiliy of ion channels, has been suggested to contribute to pain associated with inflammation or neuropathy. To investigate its role in hepatocarcinogenesis, we examined the expression of TRPV2 in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) samples and analyzed the association of TRPV2 expression with its clinical significance. TRPV2 expression in 55 HCC patients was examined by immunohistochemistry, and the correlation between TRPV2 levels and clinicopathologic parameters was analyzed. Thirteen paired HCC specimens and their nontumor counterparts were investigated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting, respectively. Quantitative RT-PCR and Western blotting analysis revealed that expression of TRPV2 at both the mRNA and protein levels were increased in cirrhotic livers compared with chronic hepatitis, whereas that also occurred in moderately and well-differentiated tumors compared with that of poorly differentiated tumors. Immunohistochemistry of the 55 HCC samples showed that the expression of TRPV2 increased when going from normal liver or chronic hepatitis to cirrhosis. Increased TRPV2 expression was observed in tissues of liver cirrhosis (31/37, 83.8%). In HCC, increased expression of TRPV2 was identified in 16/55 (29%) cases. Clinicopathologic assessment suggested a significant association between TRPV2 expression and portal vein invasion and histopathologic differentiation (P = 0.036 and 0.001, respectively). Our data suggest that TRPV2 plays a role in human hepatocarcinogenesis and might be a prognostic marker of patients with HCC. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： receptor potential Liver Cirrhosis TRPV2 gene Hepatocarcinogenesis Chronic Hepatitis human-centered computing

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