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Clinical significance of transient receptor potential vanilloid 2 expression in human hepatocellular carcinoma

CANCER GENETICS AND CYTOGENETICS 2010年第1期197卷 54-59页

作者： Liu, Guoxing Xie, Chengzhi Sun, Fadi Xu, Xundi Yang, Yaohui Zhang, Tao Deng, Yuansheng Wang, Dianchen Huang, Zhao Yang, Leping Huang, Shengfu Wang, Qunwei Liu, Guoli Zhong, Dewu Miao, Xiongying Cent S Univ Xiangya Hosp 2 Dept Surg Changsha 410011 Hunan Peoples R China

Transient receptor potential vanilloid 2 (TRPV2), one of the members of TRP (transient receptor potential) superfamiliy of ion channels, has been suggested to contribute to pain associated with inflammation or neuropathy. To investigate its role in hepatocarcinogenesis, we examined the expression of TRPV2 in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) samples and analyzed the association of TRPV2 expression with its clinical significance. TRPV2 expression in 55 HCC patients was examined by immunohistochemistry, and the correlation between TRPV2 levels and clinicopathologic parameters was analyzed. Thirteen paired HCC specimens and their nontumor counterparts were investigated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting, respectively. Quantitative RT-PCR and Western blotting analysis revealed that expression of TRPV2 at both the mRNA and protein levels were increased in cirrhotic livers compared with chronic hepatitis, whereas that also occurred in moderately and well-differentiated tumors compared with that of poorly differentiated tumors. Immunohistochemistry of the 55 HCC samples showed that the expression of TRPV2 increased when going from normal liver or chronic hepatitis to cirrhosis. Increased TRPV2 expression was observed in tissues of liver cirrhosis (31/37, 83.8%). In HCC, increased expression of TRPV2 was identified in 16/55 (29%) cases. Clinicopathologic assessment suggested a significant association between TRPV2 expression and portal vein invasion and histopathologic differentiation (P = 0.036 and 0.001, respectively). Our data suggest that TRPV2 plays a role in human hepatocarcinogenesis and might be a prognostic marker of patients with HCC. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： receptor potential Liver Cirrhosis TRPV2 gene Hepatocarcinogenesis Chronic Hepatitis human-centered computing

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Postoperative Serum Osteopontin Level is a Novel Monitor for Treatment Response and Tumor Recurrence after Resection of Hepatitis B-related Hepatocellular Carcinoma

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ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY 2013年第3期20卷 929-937页

作者： Zhou, Chuang Zhou, Hai-Jun Zhang, Xiao-Fei Lou, Li-Li Ye, Qing-Hai Zheng, Yan Wang, Ji Zhu, Hai-Tao Dong, Qiong-Zhu Jia, Hu-Liang Zhu, Wen-Wei Guo, Lei Zhao, Yue Gao, Dong-Mei Qin, Lun-Xiu Fudan Univ Liver Canc Inst Shanghai 200433 Peoples R China Fudan Univ Zhongshan Hosp Shanghai 200433 Peoples R China Minist Educ Key Lab Carcinogenesis & Canc Invas Shanghai Peoples R China Fudan Univ Inst Biomed Sci Shanghai 200433 Peoples R China

Presurgery serum osteopontin (OPN) level has been demonstrated to correlate to tumor recurrence and survival of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. This study investigated the postoperative dynamic changes of serum OPN level and its clinical significance in HCC patients. Presurgery serum OPN levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in cohort A of 179 HCC patients and were compared with the multiple controls including different kinds of liver diseases and healthy individuals. In cohort B of 110 patients with resectable HCCs, besides preoperative assays, serum OPN was monitored at 1 week, 1, and a parts per thousand yen2 months after operation. The baseline presurgery serum OPN of HCC patients was significantly higher than that of the patients with the other kinds of liver diseases (p < 0.0001). The prognostic values of presurgery serum OPN level in HCC patients were further confirmed. The postsurgery OPN levels were significantly elevated within 1 week after HCC resection, then decreased at 1 month and reached the nadir later than 2 months after operations. It increased again at the time of tumor recurrence, then declined after the second removal of recurrent HCCs. Moreover, postoperative OPN in alpha-fetoprotein-negative and -positive HCC patients had the same changing pattern;it only correlated to liver function and C-reactive protein level. After a transient fluctuation, serum OPN levels significantly decrease after curative resection of HCCs. Postoperative serum OPN could serve as a surrogate serologic biomarker for monitoring treatment response and tumor recurrence after HCC resection, including alpha-fetoprotein-negative ones.

关键词： ectomy Hepatitis B Virus-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma SPP1 gene response to treatment Liver Diseases Serum human-centered computing Recurrent Neoplasm

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Predictors of failure to detect early hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic hepatitis B who received regular surveillance

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ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS 2018年第8期47卷 1201-1212页

作者： Chon, Y. E. Jung, K. S. Kim, M. -J. Choi, J. -Y. An, C. Park, J. Y. Ahn, S. H. Kim, B. K. Kim, S. U. Park, H. Hwang, S. K. Rim, K. S. Han, K. -H. Kim, D. Y. CHA Univ Dept Internal Med CHA Bundang Med Ctr Inst Gastroenterol Seongnam South Korea CHA Bundang Med Ctr CHA Bundang Liver Ctr Seongnam South Korea Yonsei Univ Dept Internal Med Coll Med Seoul South Korea Yonsei Univ Dept Radiol Coll Med Seoul South Korea Severance Hosp Yonsei Liver Ctr Seoul South Korea

Background: A proportion of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients are diagnosed with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) despite regular surveillance. Aims: To determine predictors for HCC detection failure in CHB patients who underwent regular surveillance. Methods: CHB patients with well-preserved liver function, who underwent ultrasonography and alpha-foetoprotein (AFP) analysis every 6 months, were enrolled. Cox regression analysis was used to identify predictors for detection failure, defined as HCC initially diagnosed at Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage B or C. Results: Of the 4590 CHB patients (mean age, 52.1 years;men, 61.6%), 169 patients were diagnosed with HCC (3.68%) and 35 (20.7%) HCC patients were initially diagnosed with HCC BCLC stage B or C. The cumulative incidence of HCC detection failure was 0.2% at year 1 and 1.3% at year 5. Multivariate analyses indicated that cirrhosis (hazard ratio [HR], 3.078;95% CI, 1.389-6.821;P = 0.006), AFP levels 9 ng/mL (HR, 5.235;95% CI, 2.307-11.957;P = 0.010), and diabetes mellitus (HR, 3.336;95% CI, 1.341-8.296;P = 0.010) were independent predictors of HCC detection failure. Another model that incorporated liver stiffness (LS) values identified LS values >= 11.7 kPa (HR, 11.045;95% CI, 2.066-59.037;P = 0.005) and AFP levels >= 9 ng/mL (HR, 4.802;95% CI, 1.613-14.297;P = 0.005) as predictors of detection failure. Conclusions: In CHB patients undergoing regular surveillance with ultrasonography and alpha-foetoprotein (AFP) analysis every 6 months, the HCC detection failure rate was not high (0.8% per person;0.1% per test). However, careful attention should be paid in patients with advanced liver fibrosis (clinical cirrhosis or LS value > 11.7 kPa), high AFP levels, or diabetes mellitus, who are prone to surveillance failure.

关键词： Heart Rate Chronic Hepatitis B Patients Regular human-centered computing Ultrasonography

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Aflatoxin and liver cancer in Sudan

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NUTRITION AND CANCER-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL 1998年第3期32卷 174-180页

作者： Omer, RE Bakker, MI van't Veer, P Hoogenboom, RLAP Polman, THG Alink, GM Idris, MO Kadaru, AMY Kok, FJ Univ Khartoum Fac Agr Dept Crop Protect Khartoum Sudan Univ Khartoum Fac Med Dept Med Khartoum Sudan Wageningen Univ Agr Div Human Nutr & Epidemiol Wageningen Netherlands Wageningen Univ Agr Dept Toxicol Wageningen Netherlands RIKILT DLO State Inst Qual Control Agr Prod Wageningen Netherlands

This study investigated whether aflatoxin contamination of peanut products mall contribute to the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Sudan. Thirty-seven peanut butter and peanut samples were collected from local markets. Aflatoxin concentrations were significantly higher in West Sudan [87.4 +/- 197.3 (SD) mu g/kg] a high-risk area, than in Central Sudan (8.5 +/- 6.8 mu g/kg), a low-risk area. In West Sudan, humid local storage conditions of peanut products were related to high aflatoxin concentrations. In a small case-control study of HCC patients (n = 24) and controls (n = 34), an odds ratio of 7.5 (95% confidence interval 1.4-40.2) was observed for humid vs. dry local storage conditions. Development of an index of individual HCC exposure was less successful, probably because of year-to-year variability in aflatoxins in food. These preliminary findings justify further. research into the role of aflatoxins and hepatitis in HCC incidence in Sudan.

关键词： Aflatoxins Carcinogens Carcinoma Hepatocellular Food Contamination Liver Neoplasms 黄曲霉毒素类致癌物癌肝细胞食品污染肝肿瘤 local storage Peanut products Cancer of Liver Carcinoma Food Contamination Liver Neoplasms Sudan Carcinogens Aflatoxins human-centered computing

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Evaluation of Total Hepatocellular Cancer Lifespan, Including Both Clinically Evident and Preclinical Development, Using Combined Network Phenotyping Strategy and Fisher Information Analysis

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SEMINARS IN ONCOLOGY 2015年第2期42卷 339-346页

作者： Pancoska, Petr Skala, Lubomir Nesetril, Jaroslav Carr, Brian I. Univ Pittsburgh Dept Med Pittsburgh PA USA Univ Pittsburgh Ctr Craniofacial & Dent Genet Pittsburgh PA USA Charles Univ Prague Fac Math & Phys Dept Chem Phys & Optic CR-11636 Prague 1 Czech Republic Charles Univ Prague Comp Sci Inst IUUK CR-11636 Prague 1 Czech Republic Tel Aviv Univ Tel Aviv Sourasky Med Ctr Dept Gastroenterol & Liver Dis IL-69978 Tel Aviv Israel

We previously showed that for hepatocellular cancer (HCC) prognostication, disease parameters need to be considered within a total personal clinical context. This requires preserving the coherence of data values, observed simultaneously for each patient during baseline diagnostic evaluation. Application of the Network Phenotyping Strategy (NPS) provided quantitative descriptors of these patient coherences. Combination of these descriptors with Fisher information about the patient tumor mass and the histogram of the tumor masses in the whole cohort permitted estimation of the time from disease onset until clinical diagnosis (t(baseline)). We found faster growth of smaller tumors having total masses <70 (80% of cohort) which involved about three times more interacting cellular processes than were observed for slower growing larger tumors (20% of cohort) with total masses >70. Combining the clinical survival and tbasth normalized all HCC patients to a common 1,045 days of mean total disease duration (t(baseline) plus post diagnosis survival). We also found a simple relationship between the baseline clinical status, t(baseline) and survival. Every difference between individual patient baseline clinical profiles and special coherent clinical status (HL1) reduced the above common overall survival (OVS) by 65 days. In summary, we showed that HCC patients with any given tumor can best have their tumor biology understood, when account is taken of the total clinical and liver contexts, and with knowing the point in the tumor history when an HCC diagnosis is made. This ability to compute the t(baseline) from standard clinical data brings us closer to calculating survival from diagnosis of individual HCC patients. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Hepatocellular Cancer Phenotype disease onset histograms Fisher information Tumours human-centered computing Descriptors Patients

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Seven Cardinal Virtues of human-Machine Teamwork: Examples from the DARPA Robotic Challenge

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IEEE INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS 2014年第6期29卷 74-80页

作者： Johnson, Matthew Bradshaw, Jeffrey M. Hoffman, Robert R. Feltovich, Paul J. Woods, David D. Florida Inst Human & Machine Cognit Pensacola FL 32502 USA Inst Human & Machine Cognit Pensacola FL USA Ohio State Univ Inst Ergon Columbus OH 43210 USA

As counterpoint to the authors" previous discussions of the "seven deadly myths" of autonomous systems, here they present seven design principles to be understood and embraced for the virtues they engen... 详细信息

关键词： human-robot interaction humanoid robots mobile robots DARPA Robotic Challenge autonomous systems design principles human-machine teamwork humanoid robot DARPA human computer interaction Man machine systems Teamwork autonomous systems human-centered computing intelligent systems

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Comparing explanations in RL

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NEURAL computing & APPLICATIONS 2024年第1期36卷 505-516页

作者： Pierson, Britt Davis Arendt, Dustin Miller, John Taylor, Matthew E. Pacific Northwest Natl Lab Visual Analyt Richland WA 99354 USA Washington State Univ Sch Engn & Appl Sci Richland WA 99352 USA Univ Alberta Dept Comp Sci Edmonton AB Canada Alberta Machine Intelligence Inst Edmonton AB Canada

As deep reinforcement learning (RL)'s capabilities surpass traditional reinforcement learning, the community is working to make these black boxes less opaque. Explanations about algorithms' choices and strategies serve this purpose. However, information about RL algorithms' operations is not easily accessible. Our research aimed to extract such information, use it to build explanations, and test those explanations with users. For our user study, eight RL agents were trained using OpenAI baselines. Then, the HIGHLIGHTS-VIS algorithm was created by altering previous HIGHLIGHTS algorithms to collect data about the agents' interactions with the environment. The data were used to create explanations that were compared to previous works' video-based summaries in a user study. The between-subjects user study had participants answer questions about different agents. Participants were measured using both self-reported trust and performance on downstream tasks. Downstream tasks are tasks that a participant is more likely to do correctly with the information contained in the explanation. Collecting data about both trust and the utility of explanations allowed comparison and analysis of the explanations' effectiveness. Results showed that the alternative explanations built from the collected data led to more correct answers about the agents and their strategies. Additionally, explanations' utility depended on the context. Finally, users' reported trust in an explanation did not directly correlate to performance. These results suggest trust and effectiveness may need to be measured and calibrated separately in future examinations of explanations.

关键词： Interpretable machine learning Explanation design Appropriate trust human-centered computing human computer interaction (HCI) design and evaluation methods User studies

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Application Transparency and Manipulation

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COMPUTER 2014年第2期47卷 56-61页

作者： Daehn, Andreas Cap, Clemens H. Univ Rostock Inst Comp Sci Informat & Commun Serv Grp D-18055 Rostock Germany

Most users do not understand why Web applications behave the way they do and what providers do with user data. Although some network-related aspects of application behavior will always be invisible to users, making ap... 详细信息

关键词： application manipulation application transparency Economics Google human-centered computing information filtering Internet search Law Search engines Servers software psychology Web services

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Effect of fine-grained raw material addition on microstructure refinement and tensile properties in horizontal continuous casting Al-12%Si alloy billets

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MATERIALS & DESIGN 2011年第6期32卷 3566-3569页

作者： Zhang, Jing Kang, Suk Bong Yu, Huashun Cho, Jae Hyung Min, Guanghui Stetsenko, Vladimir Y. Korea Inst Mat Sci Chang Won 641010 South Korea Shandong Univ Key Lab Liquid Struct & Hered Mat Minist Educ Jinan 250100 Peoples R China Natl Acad Sci Belarus Inst Technol Met Mogilyov 212030 BELARUS

Horizontal continuous casting (HCC) Al-12%Si alloy billets were prepared using fine-grained Al-12%Si as a raw material. The influence of this fine-grained raw material on the microstructure and tensile properties was studied. The uniformity of the HCC Al-12%Si alloy billets was also analyzed. The results show that the fine-grained raw material can effectively reduce macrosegregation and make both the alpha-Al and eutectic silicon much finer. The ultimate tensile strength and elongation clearly increased with an addition of 30% fine-grained raw material compared to the HCC alloy billets with no addition of fine-grained raw material. However a small decrease nonetheless occurred after an addition of fine-grained raw material up to 50%. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved.

关键词： Microstructure refinement Horizontal continuous casting ultimate tensile strength raw material billets Uniformity TENSILE PROPERTIES human-centered computing addition METAL ALLOY SEGREGATION(METALLURGY)

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ARCHIE plus plus : A Cloud-Enabled Framework for Conducting AR System Testing in the Wild

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VISUALIZATION AND COMPUTER GRAPHICS 2023年第4期29卷 2102-2116页

作者： Lehman, Sarah M. Elezovikj, Semir Ling, Haibin Tan, Chiu C. Temple Univ Philadelphia PA 19122 USA SUNY Stony Brook Stony Brook NY 11794 USA

In this paper, we present ARCHIE++, a testing framework for conducting AR system testing and collecting user feedback in the wild. Our system addresses challenges in AR testing practices by aggregating usability feedback data (collected in situ) with system performance data from that same time period. These data packets can then be leveraged to identify edge cases encountered by testers during unconstrained usage scenarios. We begin by presenting a set of current trends in performing human testing of AR systems, identified by reviewing a selection of recent work from leading conferences in mixed reality, human factors, and mobile and pervasive systems. From the trends, we identify a set of challenges to be faced when attempting to adopt these practices to testing in the wild. These challenges are used to inform the design of our framework, which provides a cloud-enabled and device-agnostic way for AR systems developers to improve their knowledge of environmental conditions and to support scalability and reproducibility when testing in the wild. We then present a series of case studies demonstrating how ARCHIE++ can be used to support a range of AR testing scenarios, and demonstrate the limited overhead of the framework through a series of evaluations. We close with additional discussion on the design and utility of ARCHIE++ under various edge conditions.

关键词： Testing Usability System testing Market research User experience Task analysis System performance Augmented reality testing and debugging mobile applications human-centered computing

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