Social Web applications have successfully transformed content consuming users into content producers. Aside of socializing, these applications are frequently used to disseminate information and coordinate purposeful a...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780769548487;9781467356381
Social Web applications have successfully transformed content consuming users into content producers. Aside of socializing, these applications are frequently used to disseminate information and coordinate purposeful activities, such as disaster response, political action, and neighborhood organizations. These activities are carried out via human interpreted messages. In many cases, dedicated information processing spaces would better serve such needs. Unfortunately, a typical Web user is not able to create even very simple applications, as they require significant technical know-how. This work proposes an approach towards creating simple collaborative applications. The approach, called WeFlow, proposes a collaborative application specification, an application generator, and an execution engine. The WeFlow framework is presented with focus on the implementation issues. A case study, where users report and track accessibility violations, is presented for demonstration purposes.
Internet has become the largest repository for documents. PDF documents distribution through Internet is prevalent, as the cost is almost zero. At present, files are mostly downloaded from the Internet and users go th...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781467322706;9781467322713
Internet has become the largest repository for documents. PDF documents distribution through Internet is prevalent, as the cost is almost zero. At present, files are mostly downloaded from the Internet and users go through cursorily over entire document and then they decide to store it in their hard disk or not. To facilitate the user-document interaction, a novel document distribution technique is proposed. The proposed method creates lean documents that contain only entities that would aid the user's decision making process, while the rest are replaced with aesthetically pleasing pseudo-text. The proposed lean documents will not only have less file size, they significantly reduce the cognitive and Internet resources requirement.
The complexity of human-centered computing systems demands novel computing models that are capable of integrating various processes or algorithms into a working system with high scalability, which requires a transpare...
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The complexity of human-centered computing systems demands novel computing models that are capable of integrating various processes or algorithms into a working system with high scalability, which requires a transparent distributed architecture. This paper presents a task-oriented computing share model for the generalization of different processes, which provides a Quality of Service strategy for selecting a suitable computing resource. This model allows a system to be extended to specific applications without any consideration for common low-layer data processing. We also provide a methodology for designing an application related to talent training and management.
The cognitive sciences are increasingly coming to terms with the embodied, embedded, extended, and experiential aspects of the mind. Exemplifying this shift, the enactive approach points to an essential role of goal-d...
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The cognitive sciences are increasingly coming to terms with the embodied, embedded, extended, and experiential aspects of the mind. Exemplifying this shift, the enactive approach points to an essential role of goal-directed bodily activity in the generation of meaningful perceptual experience, i.e., sense-making. Here, building on recent insights into the transformative effects of practical tool-use, we make use of the enactive approach in order to provide a definition of an enactive interface in terms of augmented sense-making. We introduce such a custom-built interface, the Enactive Torch, and present a study of its experiential effects. The results demonstrate that the user experience is not adequately captured by any standardly assumed perceptual modality;rather, it is a new feeling that is mediated by the design of the device and shaped by the overall situation of the task. Taken together these findings show that there is much to be gained by synergies between engineering and the cognitive sciences in the creation of new experience-centered technology. We suggest that the guiding principle should be the design of interfaces that serve as a transparent medium for augmenting our natural skills of interaction with the world, instead of requiring conscious attention to the interface as an opaque object in the world.
Liver cancer, in particular hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), has become a very active area of research since the successful introduction in 2008 of Sorafenib into the clinical practice of treating patients with advance...
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Liver cancer, in particular hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), has become a very active area of research since the successful introduction in 2008 of Sorafenib into the clinical practice of treating patients with advanced stage HCC. Since then, a sizeable number of clinical trials have been initiated to improve the outcome that can be achieved by using Sorafenib even further and also to move medical treatment of HCC from the palliative more into direction of adjuvant or neoadjuvant treatments in conjunction with curative treatment approaches. At the same time, a large number of studies into the molecular carcinogenesis of HCC as well as into molecular classifications and molecular predictors of treatment outcomes have been started. The number of publications in the area of HCC has dramatically increased in the last three years. However, in the area of molecular classifications and molecular predictors for treatment response, no breakthrough discoveries have been reported in 2011.
A 68-year-old man with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) presented with upper-gastrointestinal bleeding for the fifth time in 7 months and new-onset severe nausea and vomiting. Over the past year, the patient had undergo...
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A 68-year-old man with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) presented with upper-gastrointestinal bleeding for the fifth time in 7 months and new-onset severe nausea and vomiting. Over the past year, the patient had undergone transarterial chemoemboli-zation as well as radiotherapy with concurrent capecitabine (Xe-loda; Genetech, San Francisco, CA) for treatment of HCC. Prior upper endoscopies showed a pyloric channel ulceration with numerous interventional attempts to control bleeding, including epinephrine injection and endoscopic clipping, and angiographic coiling of branches of the gastroduodenal artery, left gastric artery, and left hepatic artery. A biopsy obtained 5 months before the presentation revealed fibrinopurulent debris in addition to large atypical cells with relatively abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm that reacted with the hepatocyte paraffin 1 (Hep Par 1) antibody (a monoclonal antibody to hepatocyte mitochondria) (Figure A, 40 X).
Viral hepatitis with hepatitis C virus or hepatitis B virus and chronic liver disease such as alcoholic or nonalcoholic steatohepatitis are critical factors in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Furthe...
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Viral hepatitis with hepatitis C virus or hepatitis B virus and chronic liver disease such as alcoholic or nonalcoholic steatohepatitis are critical factors in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Furthermore, diabetes is known as an independent risk factor for HCC. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) is known to have an important role in fatty liver, and the mechanism of carcinogenesis has been clarified. PPAR controls ligand-dependent transcription, and three subtypes (alpha, delta, and gamma) in humans are known. PPARs could contribute to the mechanisms of cell cycling, anti-inflammatory responses, and apoptosis. Therefore, to clarify the pathogenesis of HCC, we should examine PPAR signaling. In this paper, we have summarized the relevance of PPARs to the pathogenesis of HCC and cancer stem cells and possible therapeutic options through modifying PPAR signaling.
Sirs, We read with great interest the article of Pinter et al, which investigated the potential role of sorafenib in the treatment of portal hypertension (PHT). They found that hepatic venous pressure decreased more t...
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Sirs, We read with great interest the article of Pinter et al, which investigated the potential role of sorafenib in the treatment of portal hypertension (PHT). They found that hepatic venous pressure decreased more than 20%, in four of 11 patients (36%) with advanced hepato-cellular carcinoma (HCC) and PHT after 2 weeks of treatment with sorafenib. Thus, the authors suggest that sorafenib may have a role in the treatment of PHT. Due to the encouraging results of previous animal studies, we conducted a similar study. Eighteen patients with advanced HCC, but compensated cirrhosis (mean Child-Pugh score 5.5 +- 1.0) treated with sorafenib, underwent hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) measurement before therapy. A haemodynamic control was performed in 11 patients after a mean period of 18 days. The mean value of HVPG at baseline was 9.7 +- 5.3 mmHg and 10.6 +- 8.5 mmHg in controls. The mean duration of follow-up was 110 +- 72 days.
Sirs, We read the article by Lee et al. with great interest. The authors are to be congratulated for conducting a cohort study involving patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with such an impressive sample *** ...
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Sirs, We read the article by Lee et al. with great interest. The authors are to be congratulated for conducting a cohort study involving patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with such an impressive sample *** managed to identify three readily available clinical parameters, namely serum bilirubin, a-fetoprotein levels and degree of ascites, to predict patient outcomes. We would like to address a few issues.
The field of human-centered computing has known a major progress these past few years. It is admitted that this field is multidisciplinary and that the human is the core of the system. It shows two matters of concern:...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781467312332
The field of human-centered computing has known a major progress these past few years. It is admitted that this field is multidisciplinary and that the human is the core of the system. It shows two matters of concern: multidisciplinary and human. The first one reveals that each discipline plays an important role in the global research and that a collaboration between everyone is needed. The second one explains that a growing number of researches aims at making the human commitment degree increase by giving him/her a decisive role in the human-machine interaction. This paper focuses on these both concerns and presents MICE (Machines Interaction Control in their Environment) which is a system where the human is the one who makes the decisions to manage the interaction with the machines. In an ambient context, the human can decide of objects actions by creating interaction scenarios with a new visual programming language: scenL.
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