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Effect of fine-grained raw material addition on microstructure refinement and tensile properties in horizontal continuous casting Al-12%Si alloy billets

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MATERIALS & DESIGN 2011年第6期32卷 3566-3569页

作者： Zhang, Jing Kang, Suk Bong Yu, Huashun Cho, Jae Hyung Min, Guanghui Stetsenko, Vladimir Y. Korea Inst Mat Sci Chang Won 641010 South Korea Shandong Univ Key Lab Liquid Struct & Hered Mat Minist Educ Jinan 250100 Peoples R China Natl Acad Sci Belarus Inst Technol Met Mogilyov 212030 BELARUS

Horizontal continuous casting (HCC) Al-12%Si alloy billets were prepared using fine-grained Al-12%Si as a raw material. The influence of this fine-grained raw material on the microstructure and tensile properties was studied. The uniformity of the HCC Al-12%Si alloy billets was also analyzed. The results show that the fine-grained raw material can effectively reduce macrosegregation and make both the alpha-Al and eutectic silicon much finer. The ultimate tensile strength and elongation clearly increased with an addition of 30% fine-grained raw material compared to the HCC alloy billets with no addition of fine-grained raw material. However a small decrease nonetheless occurred after an addition of fine-grained raw material up to 50%. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved.

关键词： Microstructure refinement Horizontal continuous casting ultimate tensile strength raw material billets Uniformity TENSILE PROPERTIES human-centered computing addition METAL ALLOY SEGREGATION(METALLURGY)

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Understanding and Using Rendezvous to Enhance Mobile Crowdsourcing Applications

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COMPUTER 2011年第6期44卷 22-28页

作者： Honicky, R. J. Nokia Res Ctr Berkeley CA 94704 USA

Researchers are exploring the rendezvous concept-bringing sensors close to one another in space or time-as a way to make sense of disparate data collected by individuals. Applications such as participatory atmospheric... 详细信息

关键词： Accuracy human factors human-centered computing humans Mobile communication Mobile computing Mobile handsets Sensor fusion Sensor systems Ubiquitous computing disparate data mobile applications mobile computing mobile crowdsourcing applications mobile handsets participatory atmospheric sensing rendezvous concept sensors sensors

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UbiPaPaGo: Context-aware path planning

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EXPERT SYSTEMS WITH APPLICATIONS 2011年第4期38卷 4150-4161页

作者： Wang, Chiung-Ying Hwang, Ren-Hung Ting, Chuan-Kang Natl Chung Cheng Univ Dept Comp Sci & Informat Engn Minhsiung Taiwan

The increased prevalence of digital devices with communication capability heralds the era of ubiquitous computing, as predicted by Mark Weiser. Ubiquitous computing aims to provide users with intelligent human-centric context-aware services at anytime anywhere. Optimal path planning in a ubiquitous network considers the needs of users and the surrounding context. This approach is very different from that applied by existing research on car navigation and mobile robots. This study proposes a context-aware path planning mechanism based on spatial conceptual map (SCM) and genetic algorithm (GA), referred to as UbiPaPaGo. The SCM model is adopted to represent the real map of the surrounding environment. The optimal path is planned using a GA, which is a robust metaheuristic algorithm. UbiPaPaGo attempts to automatically find the best path that satisfies the requirements of an individual user. A prototype of UbiPaPaGo is implemented to demonstrate its feasibility and scalability. Experimental results validate the effectiveness and the efficiency of UbiPaPaGo in finding the optimal path. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Ubiquitous network human-centered computing Context-awareness Path planning Genetic algorithm (GA) Spatial conceptual map

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Biplane fluoroscopy-guided radiofrequency ablation combined with chemoembolisation for hepatocellular carcinoma: initial experience

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BRITISH JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY 2011年第1004期84卷 691-697页

作者： Lee, M. W. Kim, Y. J. Park, S. W. Yu, N. C. Choe, W. H. Kwon, S. Y. Lee, C. H. Konkuk Univ Sch Med Dept Radiol Seoul 143729 South Korea Konkuk Univ Sch Med Res Inst Biomed Sci Seoul 143729 South Korea Univ Calif Los Angeles David Geffen Sch Med Dept Radiol Los Angeles CA 90095 USA Konkuk Univ Sch Med Dept Internal Med Seoul 143729 South Korea Sungkyunkwan Univ Sch Med Samsung Med Ctr Dept Radiol Seoul 135710 South Korea Sungkyunkwan Univ Sch Med Samsung Med Ctr Ctr Imaging Sci Seoul 135710 South Korea

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the technical feasibility and local efficacy of biplane fluoroscopy-guided percutaneous radiofrequency (RF) ablation combined with transcatheter arterial chemoembolisation (TACE) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Method: Our retrospective study was approved by the institutional review board and informed consent was waived. 18 patients with 19 HCCs (mean 2.5 cm diameter;range 2-4.2 cm) were treated with percutaneous RF ablation combined with TACE. After segmental TACE, 18 (95%) of 19 HCCs were visible on fluoroscopy. Shortly (median 2 days;range 1-4 days) after TACE, percutaneous RF ablation was performed under real-time biplane fluoroscopic guidance. We evaluated major complications, rate of technical success at immediate post-RF ablation CT images and local tumour progression at follow-up CT images. Results: Major complication was not observed in any patients. Technical success was achieved for all 18 visible HCCs. During the follow-up period (median 20 months;range 5-30 months), no local tumour progression was found. Conclusion: Biplane fluoroscopy-guided RF ablation combined with TACE is technically feasible and effective for treatment of HCC.

关键词： radiofrequency Hepatocellular Cancer Tumor Progression radiofrequency ablation chemoembolization human-centered computing Informed Consent

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Percutaneous Radiofrequency Ablation for Pulmonary Metastases from Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Results of a Multicenter Study in Japan

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JOURNAL OF VASCULAR AND INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY 2011年第6期22卷 741-748页

作者： Hiraki, Takao Yamakado, Koichiro Ikeda, Osamu Matsuoka, Toshiyuki Kaminou, Toshio Yamagami, Takuji Gobara, Hideo Mimura, Hidefumi Kawanaka, Koichi Takeda, Kan Yamashita, Yasuyuki Inoue, Yuichi Ogawa, Toshihide Nishimura, Tsunehiko Kanazawa, Susumu Okayama Univ Sch Med Dept Radiol Okayama 7008558 Japan Mie Univ Sch Med Dept Radiol Tsu Mie 514 Japan Kumamoto Univ Grad Sch Med & Pharmaceut Sci Dept Diagnost Radiol Kumamoto Japan Osaka City Univ Grad Sch Med Dept Radiol Osaka 558 Japan Tottori Univ Dept Pathophysiol & Therapeut Sci Div Radiol Fac Med Tottori 680 Japan Kyoto Prefectural Univ Med Dept Radiol Grad Sch Med Sci Kyoto Japan

Purpose: To retrospectively evaluate technical success, effectiveness, complications, patient survival, and prognostic factors with percutaneous radiofrequency (RF) ablation for pulmonary metastases resulting from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Materials and Methods: Thirty-two patients from six institutions were included, with a total of 83 pulmonary metastases treated in 65 sessions. RF ablation was always performed percutaneously with computed tomography (CT) guidance. Primary endpoints were technical success and technique effectiveness. Technique effectiveness was evaluated based on sequential follow-up CT images. Secondary study endpoints were complications, patient survival, and determination of prognostic factors. Complications were classified as major or minor. Prognostic factors were determined by analyzing multiple variables with the log-rank test. Results: Technical success rate was 100%. Primary technique effectiveness rates were 92% each at 1, 2, and 3 years. Major and minor complications occurred after 16 (25%) and 23 (35%) of the 65 sessions, respectively. The median follow-up period was 20.5 months. Overall survival rates were 87% at 1 year and 57% each at 2 and 3 years (median and mean survival times, 37.7 mo and 43.2 mo, respectively). Significantly better survival rates were obtained in cases of (i) no viable intrahepatic recurrence (P < .001), (ii) Child-Pugh class A disease (P < .001), (iii) absence of liver cirrhosis (P < .001), (iv) absence of hepatitis C virus infection (P = .006), and (v) alpha-fetoprotein level of 10 ng/mL or lower (P = .007) at the time of RF ablation. Conclusions: RF ablation appears effective, with an acceptable safety profile, in selected patients with pulmonary metastases resulting from HCC.

关键词： Hepatocellular Cancer End Point radiofrequency lung metastasis radiofrequency ablation Multicenter Study Japan human-centered computing

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Predicting survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated by transarterial chemoembolisation

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ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS 2011年第2期34卷 196-204页

作者： Cabibbo, G. Genco, C. Di Marco, V. Barbara, M. Enea, M. Parisi, P. Brancatelli, G. Romano, P. Craxi, A. Camma, C. Univ Palermo Sez Gastroenterol Dipartimento Biomed Med Interna & Specialist DIBIMIS I-90127 Palermo Italy Univ Palermo Dipartimento Biopatol & Metodol Biomed I-90127 Palermo Italy Univ Palermo Dipartimento Sci Stat & Matemat S Vianelli I-90127 Palermo Italy Univ Palermo Dipartimento Radiol DIBIMEF I-90127 Palermo Italy CNR Palermo IBIM Palermo Italy

Background Transarterial chemoembolisation (TACE) is first-line treatment in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and rescue treatment after failure of radical treatments in early stage HCC. Prognostic tools for HCC using time-fixed Cox models may be unreliable in patients treated with TACE because time-varying predictors interact. Aim To explore time-dependent variables as survival predictors in patients with HCC receiving TACE as first-line or second-line treatment. Methods Eighty four consecutive patients with HCC (mean age 68;male gender 62%;Child-Pugh class: A n = 73, B n = 11;Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer class: A n = 44, B n = 24, C n = 16) treated with TACE were enrolled. Clinical, laboratory and radiological follow-up data were collected from the time of first treatment. Time-fixed and time-dependent Cox analyses were done. Results Overall survival rates were 89.6% (95% CI 82.5-97.2) at 12 months, 58.8% (95% CI 46.2-74.9) at 24, 35.4% (95% CI 22.3-56.1) at 36 and 17.2% (95% CI 7.0-41.7) at 48 months. Performance status (P < 0.001), number of nodules (P < 0.016) and prior therapy (P = 0.017) were the only variables strongly linked to survival by time-fixed Cox model. Performance status (P < 0.001), prior therapy (P = 0.005), number of treatments (P = 0.013), complete response after TACE (P = 0.005) and bilirubin level (P < 0.001) were associated with survival using a time-dependent Cox model. Conclusions Survival after TACE is influenced most by performance status, complete response and bilirubin. Compared with the time-fixed models, a time-dependent Cox model has the potential to estimate a more precise prognosis in HCC patients treated with TACE.

关键词： Patients Complete Remission Male Gender Hepatocellular Cancer clinical laboratory class A time-dependent Cox Proportional Hazards Models Survival human-centered computing

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Tacrolimus Enhances the Invasion Potential of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells and Promotes Lymphatic Metastasis in a Rat Model of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Involvement of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-C

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TRANSPLANTATION PROCEEDINGS 2011年第7期43卷 2747-2754页

作者： Zhou, S. Tan, C. Dai, Z. Zhu, H. Xu, M. Zhou, Z. Wang, W. Zhao, Y. Fu, X. Zhou, J. Fan, J. Fudan Univ Liver Canc Inst Zhong Shan Hosp Shanghai 200032 Peoples R China Fudan Univ Shanghai Med Sch Shanghai 200032 Peoples R China Fudan Univ Chinese Minist Educ Inst Biomed Sci Key Lab Carcinogenesis & Canc Invas Shanghai 200032 Peoples R China Fudan Univ Huadong Hosp Dept Vasc Surg Shanghai 200032 Peoples R China

Purpose. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the effect of tacrolimus treatment on tumor growth and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods. The effect of tacrolimus was investigated on tumor growth and lymph node metastasis in a rat model of HCC. Angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis were assessed by CD31 and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 (VEGFR-3) immunostaining. Cell proliferation and invasion were monitored in vitro using the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8) and Matrigel Invasion Chambers, respectively. Levels of vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C) expression were measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), immunohistochemisty and Western blots. Results. Tacrolimus had no effect on the proliferation of HCC in vitro or in vivo. Treatment with tacrolimus resulted in a dose-dependent increase in the invasive potential of HCC cells in vitro, in the density of peritumoral lymphatic vessels, and in the number and volume of metastatic lymph nodes in August Copenhagen Irish (ACT) rats. qRT-PCR, immunohistochemisty, and Western blot revealed that tacrolimus increased the levels of expression of VEGF-C in HCC. Conclusions. Tacrolimus enhanced the invasive potential of HCC cells, facilitating HCC lymphangiogenesis and promoting lymphatic metastasis in a rat model of HCC. This influence may be the result of an increase in VEGF-C expression by HCC cells. Targeting the VEGF-C/Fms-related tyrosine kinase 4 axis may be a novel treatment for HCC patients after liver transplantation.

关键词： Hepatocellular Cancer carcinoma cell Lymphangiogenesis rat model Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-3 Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C tumor growth Lymphatic Metastasis human-centered computing Tacrolimus

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Experiences inside the Ubiquitous Oulu Smart City

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COMPUTER 2011年第6期44卷 48-55页

作者： Gil-Castineira, Felipe Costa-Montenegro, Enrique Gonzalez-Castano, Francisco J. Lopez-Bravo, Cristina Ojala, Timo Bose, Raja Univ Vigo Dept Telemat Engn Informat Technol Grp Vigo Spain Univ Oulu MediaTeam Oulu Res Grp Comp Sci & Engn Lab Oulu Finland Nokia Res Ctr Palo Alto CA 94304 USA

The UrBan Interactions (UBI) research program, coordinated by the University of Oulu, has created a middleware layer on top of the panOULU wireless network and opened it up to ubiquitous-computing researchers, offerin... 详细信息

关键词： Cities and towns Computers Distributed applications human-centered computing Internet Local government Location-dependent and -sensitive mobile applications Middleware Pervasive computing Public networks Smart cities Ubiquitous computing Ubiquitous computing University of Oulu Urban areas Wireless sensor networks government middleware middleware layer panOULU wireless network public administration radio access networks ubiquitous Oulu smart city ubiquitous computing ubiquitous computing researchers urban interactions research program

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Priority of Candidates With Hepatocellular Carcinoma Awaiting Liver Transplantation Can Be Reduced After Successful Bridge Therapy

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LIVER TRANSPLANTATION 2011年第11期17卷 1344-1354页

作者： Cucchetti, Alessandro Cescon, Matteo Bigonzi, Eleonora Piscaglia, Fabio Golfieri, Rita Ercolani, Giorgio Morelli, Maria Cristina Ravaioli, Matteo Pinna, Antonio Daniele Univ Bologna St Orsola Malpighi Hosp Dept Gen Surg Liver & Multiorgan Transplant Unit I-40138 Bologna Italy Univ Bologna St Orsola Malpighi Hosp Dept Internal Med & Gastroenterol I-40138 Bologna Italy Univ Bologna St Orsola Malpighi Hosp Radiol Unit I-40138 Bologna Italy

The allocation rules for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who are awaiting liver transplantation (LT) are a difficult issue and are continually evolving. To reduce tumor progression or down-stage advanced disease, most transplant centers have adopted the practice of treating HCC candidates with resection or locoregional therapies. This study was designed to assess the effectiveness of bridge therapy in preventing removal from the waiting list for death/sickness severity or tumor progression beyond the Milan criteria and in determining posttransplant outcomes. The removal rates for 315 adult patients with HCC who were listed for LT were analyzed and were correlated to responses to bridge therapy with a competing risk analysis. The 3-, 6-, and 12-month dropout rates were 3.5%, 6.5%, and 19.9%, respectively, and they were significantly affected by the Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score (P = 0.032), the tumor stage at diagnosis (P = 0.041), and the response to bridge therapy (P < 0.001). The stratification of candidates by the tumor stage and the response to bridge therapy showed that patients with T2 tumors who achieved only a partial response or no response to bridge therapy had the highest dropout rates, and they were followed by patients with successfully down-staged T3-T4a tumors (P = 0.037). Patients with T2 tumors who had a complete response and patients with T1 tumors had similar dropout rates (P = 0.964). The response to bridge therapy significantly affected both the recurrence rate of 176 transplant patients (P = 0.017) and the overall intention-to-treat survival rate (P = 0.001). In conclusion, the response to therapy is a potentially effective tool for prioritizing HCC patients for LT as well as select cases with different risks of tumor recurrence after transplantation. Liver Transpl 17:1344-1354, 2011. (C) 2011 AASLD.

关键词： Partial Remission Medicine Patients Neoplasm Staging precedence Tumours Tumor Progression human-centered computing Level Trigger Liver Transplantation Repetition rate

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Growth of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in the Regenerating Liver

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LIVER TRANSPLANTATION 2011年第7期17卷 866-874页

作者： Shi, Ji-Hua Huitfeldt, Henrik S. Suo, Zhen-He Line, Pal-Dag Oslo Univ Hosp Dept Organ Transplantat Gastroenterol & Nephrol Rikshosp N-0424 Oslo Norway Oslo Univ Hosp Dept Pathol Rikshosp N-0424 Oslo Norway Oslo Univ Hosp Inst Surg Res Rikshosp N-0424 Oslo Norway Zhengzhou Univ Affiliated Hosp 1 Dept Surg Zhengzhou Peoples R China

Liver resection and liver transplantation are the treatment modalities with the greatest potential for curing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Tumor recurrence after resection for HCC is, however, a major problem, and an increased rate of recurrence after living donor transplantation versus cadaveric whole liver transplantation has been suggested. Factors involved in liver regeneration may stimulate the growth of occult tumors. The aim of this project was to test the hypothesis that a microscopic HCC tumor in the setting of partial hepatectomy would show enhanced growth and signs of increased invasiveness corresponding to the size of the liver resection. Hepatectomy was performed to various degrees in groups of Buffalo rats with the concomitant implantation of a fixed number of hepatoma cells in the remnant liver;a control group underwent only resection. After 21 days, the sizes and numbers of the tumors and the expression of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), cyclin D1, calpain small subunit 1 (CAPNS1), CD34 (a microvessel density marker), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) were evaluated and compared between the groups. The tumor volume and number increased significantly with the size of the partial hepatectomy (P < 0.05). The largest resections were also associated with increased hepatoma cell infiltration in the lungs and significant up-regulation of cyclin D1, AFP, CAPNS1, CD34, VEGF, and VEGFR2. The results suggest that liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy facilitates the growth and malignant transformation of microscopic HCC, and this could be significant for liver resection and partial liver transplantation strategies for HCC. Liver Transpl 17:866-874, 2011. (C) 2011 AASLD.

关键词： Hepatectomy Liver Transplantation Tumours Liver Regeneration Hepatocellular Cancer Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ectomy partial hepatectomy Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 hepatoma cell Tumor Volume human-centered computing biologic regeneration Living Donors

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