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Understanding the Impact of Visual and Kinematic Information on the Perception of Physicality Errors

ACM TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED PERCEPTION 2024年第1期22卷 1-30页

作者： Yamac, Goksu O'Sullivan, Carol Neff, Michael Meta Real Labs Res Sausalito CA 94010 USA Trinity Coll Dublin Dublin Ireland Univ Calif Davis Davis CA USA

Errors that arise due to a mismatch in the dynamics of a person's motion and the visualized movements of their avatar in virtual reality are termed "physicality errors" to distinguish them from simple physical errors, such as footskate. Physicality errors involve plausible motions, but with dynamic inconsistencies. Even with perfect tracking and ideal virtual worlds, such errors are inevitable in virtual reality whenever a person adopts an avatar that does not match their own proportions or lifts a virtual object that appears heavier than the movement of their hand. This study investigates people's sensitivity to physicality errors to understand when they are likely to be noticeable and need to be mitigated. It uses a simple, well-understood exercise of a dumbbell lift to explore the impact of motion kinematics and varied sources of visual information, including changing body size, changing the size of manipulated objects, and displaying muscular strain. Results suggest that kinematic (motion) information has a dominant impact on perception of effort, but visual information, particularly the visual size of the lifted object, has a strong impact on perceived weight. This can lead to perceptual mismatches that reduce perceived naturalness. Small errors may not be noticeable, but large errors reduce naturalness. Further results are discussed, which inform the requirements for animation algorithms.

关键词： human-centered computing Empirical studies in collaborative and social computing

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Myths of Automation, Part 2: Some Very human Consequences

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IEEE INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS 2014年第2期29卷 82-85页

作者： Hoffman, Robert R. Hawley, John K. Bradshaw, Jeffrey M. Inst Human & Machine Cognit Pensacola FL USA Army Res Lab Human Res & Engn Directorate Ft Bliss TX USA

In a previous essay, the myths of automation were described by reference to "deadly sins." Here, a case study is presented that illustrates the myths and their consequences. Indeed, the case study takes the word "deadly" quite literally. This article relies on material from an Army Research Laboratory (ARL) review of Patriot missile fratricide incidents. It should be noted, however, that the example recounted here is not a singularity.

关键词： Training Automation Personnel Missiles Intelligent systems Cognition human-centered computing undisciplined automation Patriot missile intelligent systems

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MicroRNA-30b Suppresses Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Metastasis of Hepatoma Cells

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JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY 2017年第3期232卷 625-634页

作者： Sun, Xiaolin Zhao, Shuhua Li, Huanan Chang, Hanwen Huang, Zhen Ding, Zhi Dong, Lei Chen, Jiangning Zang, Yuhui Zhang, Junfeng Nanjing Univ Sch Life Sci State Key Lab Pharmaceut Biotechnol Nanjing 210093 Jiangsu Peoples R China Jiangsu Engn Res Ctr MicroRNA Biol & Biotechnol Nanjing Jiangsu Peoples R China

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is critical for induction of invasiveness and metastasis in HCC. Growing evidence indicates that upregulation of Snail, the major EMT inducer, significantly correlates with the metastasis and poor prognosis of HCC. Here, we investigate the underlying mechanism of miR-30b in suppressing metastasis of hepatoma cells by targeting Snail. In this study, we found that miR-30b was significantly downregulated and negatively associated with Snail production in HCC cell lines with higher metastatic potentials. Gain- and loss-of-function studies revealed that miR-30b could dramatically inhibit in vitro HCC cell migration and invasion. In vivo orthotopic liver xenograft model further demonstrated that stable over-expression of miR-30b significantly repressed the local invasion and lung metastasis of hepatoma cells. Meanwhile, the restoration of miR-30b expression suppressed the distant colonization of hepatoma cells. Both gain- and loss-of-function studies showed that miR-30b suppressed the EMT of hepatoma cells as indicated by the morphology changes and deregulation of epithelial and mesenchymal markers. Using RNAi, we further investigated the role of Snail in HCC cell EMT and demonstrated that knockdown of Snail significantly inhibited the EMT and cancer cell metastasis. Additionally, miR-30b exhibited inhibitory effects on HCC cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, our findings highlight the significance of miR-30b downregulation in HCC tumor metastasis and invasiveness, and implicate a new potential therapeutic target for HCC metastasis. J. Cell. Physiol. 232: 625-634, 2017. (c) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

关键词： Hepatocellular Cancer poor prognosis Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition metastasis hepatoma cell Emergency Medical Technicians Snail SLC22A3 gene human-centered computing Invasiveness

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Participatory Design, Development, and Testing of Assistive Health Robots with Older Adults: An International Four-year Project

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ACM TRANSACTIONS ON human-ROBOT INTERACTION 2022年第4期11卷 1–19页

作者： Gasteiger, Norina Ahn, Ho Seok Lee, Christopher Lim, Jongyoon MacDonald, Bruce A. Kim, Geon Ha Broadbent, Elizabeth Univ Auckland Dept Psychol Med 28 Pk Ave Grafton Auckland 1023 New Zealand Univ Auckland Dept Elect Comp & Software Engn 5 Grafton Rd Auckland 1010 New Zealand Ewha Womans Univ Mokdong Hosp Coll Med Dept Neurol 1071 Anyangcheon Ro Seoul South Korea

Participatory design includes stakeholders in the development of products intended to solve real-life challenges. Involving end users in the design of robots is vital for developing effective, useful, acceptable and user-friendly products that meet expectations, needs, and preferences. This four-year international project developed and evaluated a home-based robot for mood stabilization and cognitive improvement in older adults with mild cognitive impairment and age-related health needs. The daily-care robot was developed in collaboration with experts, carers, relatives, and older adults, through six phases. Two phases were dedicated to cognitive stimulation games. This paper provides a summary of the participatory design and mixed-methods evaluation processes undertaken to develop, refine, and test the robot. The final robot and games were acceptable to older adults, and useful for delivering stimulating activities and providing reminders for medication, health and wellbeing checks. Personalization is required to optimize human-robot interaction, and imagery and speech should be consistent with local users. Functions should be personalizable to accommodate individual health needs and preferences. This project highlights the importance of participatory design and testing robotics in end-user environments, as technical issues associated with long-term use were uncovered. Recommendations for future development and the design of assistive health robots are made.

关键词： Participatory design human-robot interaction user perspective cognitive robots assistive robots gerontechnology human-centered computing human computer interaction (HCI) HCI design and evaluation methods usability testing

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miR-744 is a potential prognostic marker in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

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CLINICS AND RESEARCH IN HEPATOLOGY AND GASTROENTEROLOGY 2015年第3期39卷 359-365页

作者： Tan, Yu-Le Bai, Zhi-Gang Zou, Wei-Long Ma, Xue-Mei Wang, Ting-Ting Guo, Wei Liu, Jun Li, Jiang-She Jie-Yin Zang, Yun-Jin Zhang, Zhong-Tao Capital Med Univ Beijing Friendship Hosp Dept Gen Surg Beijing 100050 Peoples R China Capital Med Univ Beijing Friendship Hosp Beijing Key Lab Translat Med Liver Cirrhosis Beijing 100050 Peoples R China Gen Hosp Chinese Peoples Armed Police Forces Organ Transplantat Inst Beijing 100039 Peoples R China

Identification of new biomarkers for aggressiveness of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) to supplement the current group of prognosis algorithms is a significant clinical need. To clarify expression levels of microRNA-744 (miR-744) in HCC tissues and to explore its clinicopathological significance in HCC patients following liver transplantation (LT), we quantified miR-744 using real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction in 96 paired cancerous tissues and para-cancerous normal liver tissues. We investigated relationships among miR-744 expression, clinicopathological parameters, and overall survival (OS). Of 96 paired samples, 68 cancer tissues expressed low miR-744 compared with their matched normal liver tissues. Patients with microvascular invasion or multi-tumor nodules showed significantly lower miR-744 expression;miR-744 was further decreased in patients with post-LT HCC recurrence compared with non-recurring patients. Patients with lower miR-744 expression showed significantly poorer recurrence-free survival and OS than individuals with higher miR-744 levels. Multivariate analysis revealed that lower miR-744 was an independent predictor of poor prognosis. Our results associate decreased miR-744 expression with HCC recurrence and prognosis, and also suggest that miR-744 is an independent predictor of survival in HCC patients after LT and may therefore be a potential biomarker for their prognosis. (C) 2014 Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.

关键词： Prognostic Marker Patients Hepatocellular Cancer liver normal Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction human-centered computing osmium Level Trigger Prognosis

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Chemoembolization for Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients with Extrahepatic Spread: Prognostic Determinants and Appropriate Candidates

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JOURNAL OF VASCULAR AND INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY 2017年第7期28卷 956-962页

作者： Wang, Enxin Liu, Lei Xia, Dongdong Wang, Wenjun Bai, Wei Wang, Qiuhe Yuan, Jie Li, Xiaomei Zhang, Lei Niu, Jing Yin, Zhanxin Xia, Jielai Cai, Hongwei Fan, Daiming Han, Guohong Fourth Mil Med Univ Dept Liver Dis & Digest Intervent Radiol 15 West Changle Rd Xian 710032 Peoples R China Fourth Mil Med Univ Xijing Hosp Digest Dis State Key Lab Canc Biol 15 West Changle Rd Xian 710032 Peoples R China Fourth Mil Med Univ Dept Med Stat 15 West Changle Rd Xian 710032 Peoples R China

Purpose: To investigate treatment outcome, prognostic factors for overall survival, and appropriate candidates for transarterial chemoembolization among patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and extrahepatic spread (EHS). Materials and Methods: From January 2010 to June 2014, 111 consecutive patients with HCC and EHS treated by transarterial chemoembolization alone were evaluated. Factors associated with overall survival were evaluated using Cox regression analysis, and a scoring equation was established to subgroup patients with EHS. Results: Median follow-up was 3.8 months, and median overall survival was 3.8 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.9-4.7 months). Multivariate analysis demonstrated maximum tumor size >= 10 cm (hazard ratio [HR] 1.58;95% CI, 1.02-2.46;P = .041), multifocal intrahepatic tumors (HR 1.55;95% CI, 1.03-2.33;P = .037), and portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT) (HR 1.81;95% CI, 1.12-2.91;P = .015) as significant predictors of overall survival. Based on these factors, a scoring equation was developed to predict treatment outcome of transarterial chemoembolization, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.76 in predicting 6-month survival. Using a cutoff score of 5.5, patients with HCC and EHS were divided into 2 groups with significantly different overall survival (8.1 months for EHS1 and 2.4 months for EHS2;P < .001). The described method of subgrouping remained discriminatory regardless of baseline characteristics. Conclusions: Maximum tumor size, intrahepatic tumor distribution, and presence of PVTT were significant determinants of overall survival for patients with HCC and EHS. Transarterial chemoembolization may be appropriate for patients with EHS but lower intrahepatic tumor burden.

关键词： overall survival Patients Hepatocellular Cancer fit and proper person chemoembolization Survival human-centered computing Treatment Outcome

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Laparoscopic microwave ablation in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: a prospective cohort study

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HPB 2014年第11期16卷 979-986页

作者： Cillo, Umberto Noaro, Giulia Vitale, Alessandro Neri, Daniele D'Amico, Francesco Gringeri, Enrico Farinati, Fabio Vincenzi, Valter Vigo, Mario Zanus, Giacomo Univ Padua Hosp Trust Hepatobiliary Surg & Liver Transplant Unit Padua Italy Univ Padua Hosp Trust Div Gastroenterol Padua Italy San Martino Hosp Dept Gen Med Belluno Italy Abano Terme Gen Hosp Dept Diagnost Imaging Padua Italy

ObjectivesThere are no prospective studies of laparoscopic microwave (MW) ablation in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aim of this study was to demonstrate the safety and efficacy of laparoscopic MW ablation. MethodsA prospective study group of consecutive HCC patients considered ineligible for liver resection and/or percutaneous ablation was conducted from December 2009 to December 2010. Short-term (3-month) outcomes included a centralized revision of radiological response, mortality and morbidity. Mid-term (24-month) outcomes included time to recurrence in the study group compared with that in a cohort of consecutive patients treated with laparoscopic radiofrequency (RF) ablation using propensity score analysis. ResultsA total of 42 patients were enrolled. Their median age was 64 years;67% were positive for hepatitis C virus;33% were of Child-Pugh class B status;the median tumour diameter was 2.5cm, and 48% of patients had multinodular HCC. In 47 of 50 (94%) nodules treated with MW ablation, a complete radiological response was observed at 3 months. There was no perioperative mortality. The overall morbidity rate was 24%. The 2-year survival rate was 79% and the 2-year recurrence rate was 55%. Using propensity score analysis (in 28 MW ablation patients and 28 RF ablation controls), 2-year recurrence rates were 55% in the MW ablation group and 77% in the control group (P = 0.03). ConclusionsLaparoscopic MW ablation is a safe and effective therapeutic option for selected HCC patients who are ineligible for liver resection and/or percutaneous ablation.

关键词： radiofrequency Cohort Studies laparoscopic surgery microwave thermotherapy Propensity Score Repetition rate Prospective Studies human-centered computing Morbidity Patients

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Biplane fluoroscopy-guided radiofrequency ablation combined with chemoembolisation for hepatocellular carcinoma: initial experience

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BRITISH JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY 2011年第1004期84卷 691-697页

作者： Lee, M. W. Kim, Y. J. Park, S. W. Yu, N. C. Choe, W. H. Kwon, S. Y. Lee, C. H. Konkuk Univ Sch Med Dept Radiol Seoul 143729 South Korea Konkuk Univ Sch Med Res Inst Biomed Sci Seoul 143729 South Korea Univ Calif Los Angeles David Geffen Sch Med Dept Radiol Los Angeles CA 90095 USA Konkuk Univ Sch Med Dept Internal Med Seoul 143729 South Korea Sungkyunkwan Univ Sch Med Samsung Med Ctr Dept Radiol Seoul 135710 South Korea Sungkyunkwan Univ Sch Med Samsung Med Ctr Ctr Imaging Sci Seoul 135710 South Korea

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the technical feasibility and local efficacy of biplane fluoroscopy-guided percutaneous radiofrequency (RF) ablation combined with transcatheter arterial chemoembolisation (TACE) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Method: Our retrospective study was approved by the institutional review board and informed consent was waived. 18 patients with 19 HCCs (mean 2.5 cm diameter;range 2-4.2 cm) were treated with percutaneous RF ablation combined with TACE. After segmental TACE, 18 (95%) of 19 HCCs were visible on fluoroscopy. Shortly (median 2 days;range 1-4 days) after TACE, percutaneous RF ablation was performed under real-time biplane fluoroscopic guidance. We evaluated major complications, rate of technical success at immediate post-RF ablation CT images and local tumour progression at follow-up CT images. Results: Major complication was not observed in any patients. Technical success was achieved for all 18 visible HCCs. During the follow-up period (median 20 months;range 5-30 months), no local tumour progression was found. Conclusion: Biplane fluoroscopy-guided RF ablation combined with TACE is technically feasible and effective for treatment of HCC.

关键词： radiofrequency Hepatocellular Cancer Tumor Progression radiofrequency ablation chemoembolization human-centered computing Informed Consent

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Preoperative serum hyaluronic acid level as a prognostic factor in patients undergoing hepatic resection for hepatocellular carcinoma

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BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY 2014年第3期101卷 269-276页

作者： Mima, K. Beppu, T. Ishiko, T. Chikamoto, A. Nakagawa, S. Hayashi, H. Watanabe, M. Sakamaki, K. Baba, H. Kumamoto Univ Dept Surg Gastroenterol Grad Sch Med Sci Kumamoto 8608556 Japan Kumamoto Univ Hosp Dept Multidisciplinary Treatment Gastroenterol Ca Kumamoto Japan Yokohama City Univ Grad Sch Med Dept Biostat & Epidemiol Yokohama Kanagawa 232 Japan

Background: Hyaluronic acid (HA) probably plays a critical role in tumorigenesis. The clinical significance of serum HA concentration in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains to be elucidated. This study analysed the relationship between preoperative serum HA levels and prognosis after hepatic resection in patients with HCC. Methods: Consecutive patients who underwent hepatic resection for HCC between September 1999 and March 2012 were included in this retrospective study. Serum HA levels were measured within 4 weeks before surgery by an immunoturbidimetric automated latex assay. The cut-off level for preoperative serum HA was validated using a time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. The prognostic impact of preoperative serum HA levels was analysed using Cox proportional hazards models. Results: A total of 506 patients of median age 66 years (405 men, 80.0 per cent) were analysed. The median length of follow-up was 32 months. High serum HA levels (100 ng/ml or above) were associated with shorter recurrence-free survival (P < 0.001) (hazard ratio (HR) 1.50, 95 per cent confidence interval 1.17 to 1.93;P = 0.002) and overall survival (P = 0.001) (HR 1.46, 1.03 to 2.07;P = 0.033). In patients with HCC without severe liver fibrosis, serum HA level was correlated with multiple tumours (P = 0.039), early recurrence (P = 0.033), and poor recurrence-free (P < 0.001) and overall (P = 0.024) survival. Conclusion: High preoperative serum HA levels predict poor prognosis in patients with HCC after hepatic resection, and may serve as a future biomarker.

关键词： Hepatocellular Cancer poor prognosis Hepatic Organ System Prognostic Factors Serum levels ectomy Serum Serum Hyaluronic Acid HOUR ANGLE human-centered computing Patients

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Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis: Circulating miRNAs for Diagnosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

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JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY 2016年第2期231卷 328-335页

作者： Huang, Jing-Tao Liu, Song-Mei Ma, Haiqing Yang, Ying Zhang, Xuan Sun, Huanhuan Zhang, Xiaoyan Xu, Jianqing Wang, Jin Wuhan Univ Zhongnan Hosp Ctr Gene Diag Wuhan 430072 Hubei Peoples R China Sun Yat Sen Univ Affiliated Hosp 5 Dept Oncol Zhuhai Guangdong Peoples R China Shanghai Publ Hlth Clin Ctr Ctr Sci Res Shanghai Jinshan Peoples R China Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr Dept Mol Pathol Houston TX 77030 USA

Because early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is difficult to diagnose using the existing techniques, identifying better biomarkers would likely improve the patients' prognoses. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies to appraise the utility of microRNAs (miRNAs) for the early diagnosis of HCC. Pertinent literature was collected from the Medline, Embase, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure databases. We analyzed 50 studies that included 3423 cases of HCC, 2403 chronic hepatic disease (CH) patients, and 1887 healthy controls in 16 articles. Summary receiver operating characteristic analyses of all miRNAs showed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.82, with 75.8% sensitivity and 75.0% specificity in discriminating patients with HCC from healthy controls. miR-21 and miR-122 individually distinguished patients with HCC from healthy controls, with an AUC of 0.88 for miR-21 and 0.77 for miR-122. The sensitivity and specificity for miR-21 were 86.6% and 79.5%, respectively, those for miR-122 were 68.0% and 73.3%. We conclude that circulating miRNAs, particularly miR-21, and miR-122, are promising biomarkers for the early diagnosis of HCC. J. Cell. Physiol. 231: 328-335, 2016. (c) 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

关键词： Early Diagnosis Hepatocellular Cancer MicroRNAs MIR21 gene Review, Systematic Meta-Analysis human-centered computing

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