Spectra have been recorded from 700 to 12 000 cm(-1) for HCC and DCC trapped in solid neon. In this region, which includes not only the groundstate absorptions but also all of the absorptions of appreciable intensity ...
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Spectra have been recorded from 700 to 12 000 cm(-1) for HCC and DCC trapped in solid neon. In this region, which includes not only the groundstate absorptions but also all of the absorptions of appreciable intensity in the highly perturbed A (II)-I-2 state, all of the matrix shifts are to lower frequencies, and none of them exceeds 30 cm(-1). The ($) over tilde X(OnO) and ($) over tilde X(Onl) progressions of HCC, recently reported in the photoelectron spectrum of HCC-, also appear in the infrared spectrum. The spectra of the singly and doubly carbon-13 substituted species of HCC and of doubly carbon-13 substituted DCC are presented. Except in a few regions of very strong mixing of energy levels of the ($) over tilde X and ($) over tilde A states, correlations of the HCC and DCC bands with their carbon-13 substitution counterparts are possible, and the resulting isotopic shift data are useful in assigning the vibronic spectra. Assignments are proposed for a considerable number of HCC and DCC bands. These assignments are aided by the carbon-13 shift data, by the results of recent ab initio calculations. and, where they are available, by the upper-state symmetries of bands observed in the gas phase. Absorptions of C-2, C-2(-), C-4, HC4, HCCO, and C2H3 isolated in a neon matrix are also identified. (C) 1995 Academic Press, Inc.
Over the last decade or so, we have seen the development of an interesting new area of liver pathology, new because advanced imaging techniques coupled with careful screening of population at risk for HCC have focused...
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Over the last decade or so, we have seen the development of an interesting new area of liver pathology, new because advanced imaging techniques coupled with careful screening of population at risk for HCC have focused attention on nodular hepatocellular lesions that have been previously ignored. Careful searching for these nodules has led to the acknowledgment that they are not restricted to the populations in which they were first identified and in which the association with HCC was first made, but are probably a universal phenomenon and one extremely important pathway for the development of HCC. Moving beyond these epidemiological associations, we see that careful consideration of the morphology of these lesions leads to insights into the early stages of human hepatocarcinogenesis, setting the stage for the development of a clinically useful system of nomenclature and, perhaps, new approaches to screening for early HCC. Additional important work lies ahead, as concepts from animal models of hepatocarcinogenesis are applied to these human lesions, molecular approaches to research and diagnostics are applied, and extensive prospective screening and clinicopathologic correlation studies are carried out.
The levels of a variety of immunological parameters were examined in 203 preoperative patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) at various stages (I-IV). The changes in the peripheral blood lymphocyte (PBL) count, ...
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The levels of a variety of immunological parameters were examined in 203 preoperative patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) at various stages (I-IV). The changes in the peripheral blood lymphocyte (PBL) count, the serum level of immunosuppressive acidic protein and the degree of the skin reaction to purified protein derivative were associated significantly with the stage of HCC progression. However, the percentages of lymphocyte subsets, mitogenic responsiveness of PBL and serum immunoglobulin concentration remained at the levels of stage I. Further study demonstrated that in patients undergoing hepatic artery ligation, there were statistically significant correlations between the PBL count, immunosuppressive acidic protein concentration and intensity of the skin reaction to purified protein derivative, assayed 1 month after surgery, and the prognosis. HCC-specific immunity was examined in 34 patients treated by hepatic resection or hepatic artery ligation using in vitro responses of PBL to HCC extracts (ATS test). This test was performed using culture medium containing added arginine. None of the PBL from the patients showed a positive response to allogeneic HCC extracts, but the PBL from 12 patients (9 hepatic resections, 3 hepatic artery ligations) were stimulated significantly (SI .gtoreq. 2.5) with autologous HCC extracts. In 7 of 9 hepatic resection patients who were positive in the ATS test, tumor recurrence was identified. Statistical analysis indicated that the ATS test result was significantly correlated with tumor recurrence in hepatic resection patients. Autologous-PBL-stimulating activities were isolated in a fraction at pH 8.3 and in fractions at pH 6.7-7.0 by chromatofocusing of the crude extract. Although identification of the HCC-specific antigen remains to be done, use of the above fractions may simplify the ATS test procedure and improve its sensitivity.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was treated with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) in a sample of 129 patients. The cumulative survival rate was 49% at 1 year and 22% at 2 years. The median survival time ...
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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was treated with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) in a sample of 129 patients. The cumulative survival rate was 49% at 1 year and 22% at 2 years. The median survival time was 11.9 months. The survival rates at 1 year of 84 patients in Child's group A and 27 in Child's group B were 56% and 40%; out of 52 HCC patients with portal vein patent and 77 with portal vein invasion 75% and 40% survived, and the 1-year survival rates for 33 HCC patients with capsule intact, 14 with caspule broken and 82 with no capsule were 85%, 65% and 40% respectively. From the above results there were statistically significant differences in survival time in those with good clinical performance status by Child's classification, those showing patency of the portal vein and those where the capsule was present. Therefore, we would like to recommend, TACE of HCC in well-selected patients presenting with good clinical status, patency of the portal vein and without broken capsule, in order to achieve better clinical results.
Among 579 autopsy cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), 55 cases (9.4%) exhibited a sarcomatous appearance. The incidence of HCC with a sarcomatous appearance has been increasing over the past 17 years. A sarcomato...
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Among 579 autopsy cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), 55 cases (9.4%) exhibited a sarcomatous appearance. The incidence of HCC with a sarcomatous appearance has been increasing over the past 17 years. A sarcomatous appearance was found in 20 out of 335 autopsy cases of HCC (5.9%) during the 12 years from 1969 to 1980, and in 35 out of 244 autopsy cases of HCC (14.3%) during the last 6 years, when effective anticancer therapies, such as the one-shot injection of anticancer agents into the hepatic artery (one-shot therapy) and transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE), have become popular. A sarcomatous appearance was found in 20.9% of the cases undergoing anticancer therapy and in 4.2% of the cases not undergoing anticancer therapy. Among the various anticancer therapies, the sarcomatous appearance was most frequent (27.6%) in cases with repeated TAE. Thus, a close relationship between the sarcomatous appearance in HCC and anticancer therapies was suggested. Regarding the development of the sarcomatous appearance, we presume that it may be caused by the pyenotypic change of HCC cells caused by anticancer therapy, or that a number of factors, including anticancer therapy, may accelerate the proliferation of the sarcomatous cells existing in the original tumor as one of the histological components. In order to clarify the true nature of sarcomatous lesions in HCC, further histological and biological studies are required.
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