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On building human-aware opportunistic communication strategies for cost-effective content delivery

COMPUTER COMMUNICATIONS 2022年 192卷 106-118页

作者： Costa, Rafael L. Viana, Aline C. Ziviani, Artur Sampaio, Leobino N. Inst Polytech Paris IPP F-91120 Palaiseau France Inria Saclay F-91120 Palaiseau France Fed Univ Bahia UFBA Dept Comp Sci BR-40170115 Salvador Brazil Natl Lab Sci Comp LNCC BR-25651075 Petropolis Brazil

Mobile networks face challenges such as data traffic growth, increasing connected devices, spectrum limitations, and costly infrastructure updates. In this context, opportunistic communication strategies appear to assist in scenarios such as data offloading, expanding the capillarity given by users' mobility, delivering content in challenging situations (e.g., emergency, rural areas, or crowded places), and fostering innovative applications. State-of-art opportunistic strategies extract human mobility characteristics (e.g., social and spatial) to improve content delivery's cost-effectiveness. Nevertheless, due to constraints, such as the limited availability of real-world datasets or the lack of a human-centered vision in networking, most previous works relied on traditional or simplified human-aware metrics to reach their purposes. Next-generation proposals need a more in-depth vision of peculiar aspects hidden into mobility datasets while working with more realistic scenarios. While building TOOTS, a novel human-aware opportunistic communication strategy for improved content delivery cost-effectiveness, we learned that several phases play a significant role in reaching strategy's superior performance. This work guides the reader through the whole process necessary for building the Tactful Opportunistic Communication Strategy (TOOTS). The proposal consists of the following steps: learning human aspect best practices from state-of-art;characterizing the traces while obtaining strategy's insights targeting superior performance;using, proposing, and analyzing human-aware metrics;combining such metrics and insights into a complete strategy for cost-effective content delivery in a more realistic scenario, and finally, evaluating the strategy through discussions of its best practices and shortcomings for future work. This work shows that TOOTS can improve the performance of an opportunistic scenario in terms of overhead, delivery rate, and delivery latency by following t

关键词： human-centered computing Social computing Network architectures Device-to-Device (D2D) forwarding

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Towards medhub: A Self-Service Platform for Analysts and Physicians

Towards medhub: A Self-Service Platform for Analysts and Phy...

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14th IEEE Workshop on Visual Analytics in Healthcare (VAHC)

作者： Hoehn, Markus Luecke-Tieke, Hendrik Burmeister, Jan Kohlhammer, Jorn Fraunhofer IGD Darmstadt Germany Tech Univ Darmstadt Darmstadt Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9798350330243

Combining clinical and omics data can improve both daily clinical routines and research to gain more insights into complex medical procedures. We present the results of our first phase in a multi-year collaboration with analysts and physicians aiming at improved inter-disciplinary biomarker identification. We also outline our user-centered approach along its challenges, describe the intermediate technical artifacts that serve as a basis for summative and formative evaluation for the second project phase. Finally, we sketch the road ahead and how we intend to combine visualization research with user-centered design through problem-based prioritization.

关键词： human-centered computing Visualization Visual analytics Information systems Information systems and applications Decision support systems Applied computing Life and medical sciences

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Scene-aware Motion Redirection in Telecommunication

Scene-aware Motion Redirection in Telecommunication

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30th IEEE Conference Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (IEEE VR)

作者： Wang, Luhui Liang, Wei Li, Xiangyuan Beijing Inst Technol Beijing Peoples R China Beijing Inst Technol Yangtze Delta Reg Acad Jiaxing Peoples R China Beijing Forestry Univ Beijing Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350348392

We propose a motion redirection system for virtual reality and augmented reality, automatically detecting a person's action in a source scene and redirecting it to a new target scene. The redirected motion is augmented in the target scene based on the understanding of the target scene's semantics and layout. The results show that the system may facilitate telecommunication across scenes, improving user interaction experiences.

关键词： human-centered computing Visualization Visualization techniques

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A Continuous Authentication Technique for XR Utilizing Time-Based One Time Passwords, Haptics, and Kinetic Activity

A Continuous Authentication Technique for XR Utilizing Time-...

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30th IEEE Conference Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (IEEE VR)

作者： Grandi, Jeronimo G. Terrell, Jerry Lofca, Kadir Ruizvalencia, Carlos Kopper, Regis Univ N Carolina Greensboro NC 27412 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9798350348392

Authentication in Extended Reality (XR) applications typically requires the user to enter a pattern or traditional password into an adapted two-dimensional U1 or to enter information from outside the XR environment such as a pairing code on a mobile device. The existing solutions are far from ideal due to the inconvenience of repeatedly exiting and entering the XR environment to transfer codes, the risk associated with relying on static passwords, and the vulnerability caused by only authenticating at the start of the session. We present an authentication method developed for XR that offers robust security and an uninterrupted user experience. Our method uses a web-connected device able to generate time-based one-time passwords (TOTP) via haptics and maintain continuous authentication by tracking the user's kinetic activity. We refer to this theoretical device as the authentication device and emulate it for this paper using either an XR tracker or a networked microcont roller with an attached IMU.

关键词： human-centered computing human computer interaction (HCI) Interaction paradigms Virtual reality Security and privacy Security services Authentication Graphical / visual passwords human-centered computing human computer interaction (HCI) Interaction devices Haptic devices

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AR Guidance Design for Line Tracing Speed Control 22

AR Guidance Design for Line Tracing Speed Control

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22nd IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR)

作者： Ceyssens, Jeroen van Deurzen, Bram Ruiz, Gustavo Rovelo Luyten, Kris Di Fiore, Fabian Hasselt Univ Flanders Make Expertise Ctr Digital Media Diepenbeek Belgium

ISBN: (纸本)9798350328387

In many jobs, workers execute precise line tracing tasks;welding, spray painting, or chiseling, for example. Training and support for such tasks can be done using VR and AR. However, to enable workers to achieve the required precision in movement and timing, the effect of visual guidance on continuous movement needs to be explored. In VR environments, we want to ensure people are trained so that the obtained skill is transferable to a real-world context, whereas, in AR, we want to ensure an ongoing task can be completed successfully when adding visual guidance. To simulate these various contexts, we employ a VR environment to investigate the effectiveness of different visualizations for motion-based guidance in a line tracing task. We tested five different visualizations, including faster and slower arrows on the pen, the same arrows on the line, a dynamic graph on the pen or line, and a ghost object to follow. Each visualization was tested with the same set of five lines of different target speeds (2 cm/s to 10 cm/s in steps of 2 cm/s) with a training line of 5 cm/s. Our results show that the example ghost on the line turns out to be the most efficient visualization for allowing users to achieve a specific speed. Users also perceived this visualization as the most engaging and easy to use. These findings have significant implications for the development of AR-based guidance systems, specifically in the realm of speed control, across diverse domains such as industrial applications, training, and entertainment.

关键词： human-centered computing Visualization Empirical studies in visualization human-centered computing Visualization Visualization design and evaluation methods

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Real-time Retargeting of Deictic Motion to Virtual Avatars for Augmented Reality Telepresence 22

Real-time Retargeting of Deictic Motion to Virtual Avatars f...

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22nd IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR)

作者： Kang, Jiho Yang, Dongseok Kim, Taehei Lee, Yewon Lee, Sung-Hee Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol Grad Sch Culture Technol Daejeon South Korea

ISBN: (纸本)9798350328387

Avatar-mediated augmented reality telepresence aims to enable distant users to collaborate remotely through avatars. When two spaces involved in telepresence are dissimilar, with different object sizes and arrangements, the avatar movement must be adjusted to convey the user's intention rather than directly following their motion, which poses a significant challenge. In this paper, we propose a novel neural network-based framework for real-time retargeting of users' deictic motions (pointing at and touching objects) to virtual avatars in dissimilar environments. Our framework translates the user's deictic motion, acquired from a sparse set of tracking signals, to the virtual avatar's deictic motion for a corresponding remote object in real-time. One of the main features of our framework is that a single trained network can generate natural deictic motions for various sizes of users. To this end, our network includes two sub-networks: AngleNet and MotionNet. AngleNet maps the angular state of the user's motion into a latent representation, which is subsequently converted by MotionNet into the avatar's pose, considering the user's scale. We validate the effectiveness of our method in terms of deictic intention preservation and movement naturalness through quantitative comparison with alternative approaches. Additionally, we demonstrate the utility of our approach through several AR telepresence scenarios.

关键词： computing methodologies Computer graphics Animation human-centered computing human computer interaction (HCI) Interaction paradigms Mixed / augmented reality

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Immersive and Interactive 3D Visualization of Large -Scale Geo-Scientific Data

Immersive and Interactive 3D Visualization of Large -Scale G...

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30th IEEE Conference Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (IEEE VR)

作者： Flatken, Markus Schneegans, Simon Fellegara, Riccardo Gerndt, Andreas German Aerosp Ctr DLR Bonn Germany Univ Bremen Bremen Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9798350348392

In this paper, we present a software architecture and framework developed over the past decade to enable scalable and highly interactive visualizations for large datasets and display sizes. The framework integrates distributed data processing, data streaming, and dynamic scheduling to allow for view-dependent feature extraction and progressive data streaming. Additionally, the framework has been designed to support visualizations from local desktop workstations to large multi-display virtual environments.

关键词： computing methodologies Modeling and simulation Simulation types and techniques Scientific visualization human-centered computing human computer interaction (HCI) Interaction paradigms Virtual reality

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LiVRSono - Virtual Reality Training with Haptics for Intraoperative Ultrasound 22

LiVRSono - Virtual Reality Training with Haptics for Intraop...

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22nd IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR)

作者： Allgaier, Mareen Huettl, Florentine Hanke, Laura Isabel Lang, Hauke Huber, Tobias Preim, Bernhard Saalfeld, Sylvia Hansen, Christian Otto von Guericke Univ Magdeburg Germany Univ Med Ctr Mainz Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9798350328387

One of the biggest challenges in using ultrasound (US) is learning to create a spatial mental model of the interior of the scanned object based on the US image and the probe position. As intraoperative ultrasound (IOUS) cannot be easily trained on patients, we present LiVRSono, an immersive VR application to train this skill. The immersive environment, including an US simulation with patient-specific data as well as haptics to support hand-eye coordination, provides a realistic setting. Four clinically relevant training scenarios were identified based on the described learning goal and the workflow of IOUS for liver. The realism of the setting and the training scenarios were evaluated with eleven physicians, of which six participants are experts in IOUS for liver and five participants are potential users of the training system. The setting, handling of the US probe, and US image were considered realistic enough for the learning goal. Regarding the haptic feedback, a limitation is the restricted workspace of the input device. Three of the four training scenarios were rated as meaningful and effective. A pilot study regarding learning outcome shows positive results, especially with respect to confidence and perceived competence. Besides the drawbacks of the input device, our training system provides a realistic learning environment with meaningful scenarios to train the creation of a mental 3D model when performing IOUS. We also identified important improvements to the training scenarios to further enhance the training experience.

关键词： Applied computing Life and medical science Health informatics human-centered computing human computer interaction (HCI) Interaction paradigms Virtual reality human-centered computing Interaction devices Haptic devices

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MAGIC: Manipulating Avatars and Gestures to Improve Remote Collaboration 30

MAGIC: Manipulating Avatars and Gestures to Improve Remote C...

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30th IEEE Conference Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (IEEE VR)

作者： Fidalgo, Catarina G. Sousa, Mauricio Mendes, Daniel dos Anjos, Rafael Kuffner Medeiros, Daniel Singh, Karan Jorge, Joaquim Carnegie Mellon Univ Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA Univ Lisbon Inst Super Tecn INESC ID Lisbon Portugal Univ Toronto Toronto ON Canada Univ Porto Fac Engn INESC TEC Porto Portugal Univ Leeds Leeds W Yorkshire England Univ Glasgow Glasgow Lanark Scotland

ISBN: (纸本)9798350348156

Remote collaborative work has become pervasive in many settings, ranging from engineering to medical professions. Users are immersed in virtual environments and communicate through life-sized avatars that enable face-to-face collaboration. Within this context, users often collaboratively view and interact with virtual 3D models, for example to assist in the design of new devices such as customized prosthetics, vehicles or buildings. Discussing such shared 3D content face-to-face, however, has a variety of challenges such as ambiguities, occlusions, and different viewpoints that all decrease mutual awareness, which in turn leads to decreased task performance and increased errors. To address this challenge, we introduce MAGIC, a novel approach for understanding pointing gestures in a face-to-face shared 3D space, improving mutual understanding and awareness. Our approach distorts the remote user's gestures to correctly reflect them in the local user's reference space when face-to-face. To measure what two users perceive in common when using pointing gestures in a shared 3D space, we introduce a novel metric called pointing agreement. Results from a user study suggest that MAGIC significantly improves pointing agreement in face-toface collaboration settings, improving co-presence and awareness of interactions performed in the shared space. We believe that MAGIC improves remote collaboration by enabling simpler communication mechanisms and better mutual awareness.

关键词： human-centered computing Collaborative and social computing Collaborative and social computing theory, concepts and paradigms Computer supported cooperative work

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Development of an Immersive Virtual Colonoscopy Viewer for Colon Growths Diagnosis

Development of an Immersive Virtual Colonoscopy Viewer for C...

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30th IEEE Conference Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (IEEE VR)

作者： Serras, Joao Maciel, Anderson Paulo, Soraia Duchowski, Andrew Kopper, Regis Moreira, Catarina Jorge, Joaquim ULisboa IST Lisbon Portugal ULisboa IST INESC ID Lisbon Portugal Clemson Univ Clemson SC 29631 USA UNC Greensboro Greensboro NC USA Queensland Univ Technol Brisbane Qld Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350348392

Desktop-based virtual colonoscopy has been proven to be an asset in the identification of colon anomalies. 'f he process is accurate, although time-consuming. The use of immersive interfaces for virtual colonoscopy is incipient and not yet understood, In this work, we present a new design exploring elements of the VR paradigm to make the immersive analysis more efficient while still effective. We also plan the conduction of experiments with experts to assess the multi-factor influences of coverage, duration, and diagnostic accuracy.

关键词： human-centered computing human computer interaction (HCI) nteraction paradigms Virtual reality Applied computing Life and medical sciences Computational biology Imaging

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