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IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (IEEE VR)

作者： Heinrich, Florian Schwenderling, Lovis Joeres, Fabian Hansen, Christian Univ Magdeburg Res Campus STIMULATE Magdeburg Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781665496179

Surgical procedures requiring needle navigation assistance suffer from complicated hand-eye coordination and are mentally demanding. Augmented reality (AR) can help overcome these issues. However, only an insufficient amount of fundamental research has focused on the design and hardware selection of such AR needle navigation systems. This work contributes to this research area by presenting a user study (n=24) comparing three state-of-the-art navigation concepts displayed by an optical see-through head-mounted display and a stereoscopic projection system. A two-dimensional glyph visualization resulted in higher targeting accuracy but required more needle insertion time. In contrast, punctures guided by a three-dimensional see-through vision concept were less accurate but faster and were favored in a qualitative interview. The third concept, a static representation of the correctly positioned needle, showed too high target errors for clinical accuracy needs. This concept performed worse when displayed by the projection system. Besides that, no meaningful differences between the evaluated AR display devices were detected. User preferences and use case restrictions, e.g., sterility requirements, seem to be more crucial selection criteria. Future work should focus on improving the accuracy of the see-through vision concept. Until then, the glyph visualization is recommended.

关键词： human-centered computing Visualization Empirical studies in visualization computing methodologies Computer graphics Graphics systems and interfaces Mixed / augmented reality Hardware Communication hardware, interfaces and storage Displays and imagers Applied computing Life and medical sciences Health informatics

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Digital Puppetry: Utilizing Extended Reality Technologies for Animations

Digital Puppetry: Utilizing Extended Reality Technologies fo...

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IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (IEEE VR)

作者： Tousi, Milad Gallhuber, Katja Lankes, Michael Univ Appl Sci Upper Austria Wels Austria

ISBN: (纸本)9781665484022

In this work, we present an interaction design for a digital puppet in a virtual reality application. The prototype is inspired by the concept of analog puppetry and implemented in Unity(1) for the Quest and Quest 2. All limbs of the puppet can be animated from different perspectives with the controllers. Our approach may benefit game designers and researchers who seek to use puppetry as a game element or want to explore possibilities of puppetry in virtual reality for authoring tools.

关键词： Puppetry virtual reality interaction design human-centered computing Interaction design

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Enabling Virtual Reality Interactions in Confined Spaces by Re-Associating Finger Motions

Enabling Virtual Reality Interactions in Confined Spaces by ...

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IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (IEEE VR)

作者： Tseng, Wen-Jie Huron, Samuel Lecolinet, Eric Gugenheimer, Jan Inst Polytech Paris Telecom Paris Paris France

ISBN: (纸本)9781665484022

As Virtual Reality (VR) headsets become mobile, people can interact in public places with applications often requiring large arm movements. However, using these open gestures is often uncomfortable and sometimes impossible in confined and public spaces (e.g., commuting in a vehicle). We introduce the concept of finger mapping, re-associating small-scale finger motions onto virtual arms in a larger VR space. Finger mapping supports various interactions (e.g., arms swinging movement, selection, manipulation, and locomotion) when the environment is constrained and does not allow large gestures. Finally, we discuss the opportunities and challenges of using finger mapping for VR interactions.

关键词： human-centered computing human computer interaction (HCI) Interaction paradigms Virtual reality

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Virtual Reality on a SWIM: Scalable World in Miniature

Virtual Reality on a SWIM: Scalable World in Miniature

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IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (IEEE VR)

作者： Pivovar, Jarod DeGuzman, Jasmine Rosenberg, Evan Suma Univ Minnesota Minneapolis MN 55455 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781665484022

The World-in-Miniature (WIM) metaphor is a 3D user interface technique that allows the user to interact with an identical miniature copy of the virtual environment they are in. Users are able to manipulate an object in either the miniature copy or the life-size copy and have that change reflected in the other model. This general model lacks a method to adjust the sizing of the objects in the miniature copy or the view that it displays. As a result, precise movement on objects of a different scale becomes difficult in vast and compact spaces. We propose the Scalable World in Miniature (SWIM) which affords independent scaling and finer control across a spectrum of object sizes. By treating the WIM as an independently scalable volume of interest, users can set specific objects and subsections or the entire environment as their view in the miniature model at a scale to their liking. Only the objects displayed in the WIM can be interacted with, allowing for more natural interactions with objects of different scale factors. The proposed solution of the Scalable World in Miniature (SWIM) provides users an increased flexibility and more intuitive interactions with the WIM system.

关键词： human-centered computing human computer interaction (HCI) Interaction techniques human-centered computing human computer interaction (HCI) Interaction paradigms Virtual reality

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Why? Why not? When? Visual Explanations of Agent Behaviour in Reinforcement Learning 15

Why? Why not? When? Visual Explanations of Agent Behaviour i...

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IEEE 15th Pacific Visualization Symposium (PacificVis)

作者： Mishra, Aditi Soni, Utkarsh Huang, Jinbin Bryan, Chris Arizona State Univ Tempe AZ 85287 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781665423359

Reinforcement learning (RL) is used in many domains, including autonomous driving, robotics, stock trading, and video games. Unfortunately, the black box nature of RL agents, combined with legal and ethical considerations, makes it increasingly important that humans (including those are who not experts in RL) understand the reasoning behind the actions taken by an RL agent, particularly in safety-critical domains. To help address this challenge, we introduce PolicyExplainer, a visual analytics interface which lets the user directly query an autonomous agent. PolicyExplainer visualizes the states, policy, and expected future rewards for an agent, and supports asking and answering questions such as: "Why take this action? Why not take this other action? When is this action taken?" PolicyExplainer is designed based upon a domain analysis with RL researchers, and is evaluated via qualitative and quantitative assessments on a trio of domains: taxi navigation, a stack bot domain, and drug recommendation for HIV *** find that PolicyExplainer's visual approach promotes trust and understanding of agent decisions better than a state-of-the-art text-based explanation approach. Interviews with domain practitioners provide further validation for PolicyExplainer as applied to safety-critical domains. Our results help demonstrate how visualization-based approaches can be leveraged to decode the behavior of autonomous RL agents, particularly for RL non-experts.

关键词： human-centered computing Visualization Visualization techniques Treemaps human-centered computing Visualization Visualization design and evaluation methods

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Using Multimodal Input in Augmented Virtual Teleportation

Using Multimodal Input in Augmented Virtual Teleportation

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IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (IEEE VR)

作者： Sasikumar, Prasanth Univ Auckland Empath Comp Lab Auckland New Zealand

ISBN: (纸本)9781665484022

Augmented (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR) can create compelling emotional collaborative experiences, but very few studies have explored the importance of sharing a user's live environment and their physiological cues. In this PhD thesis, I am investigating how to use scene reconstruction and emotion recognition to enhance shared collaborative AR/VR experiences. I have developed a framework that can be broadly classified into two sections: 1) Live scene capturing for real-time environment reconstruction, 2) Sharing multimodal input such as gaze, gesture, and physiological cues. The main novelty of the research is that it is one of the first systems for real-time sharing of environment and emotion cues. It provides significant insight into how to create, measure, and share remote collaborative experiences. The research will be helpful in multiple application domains such as remote assistance, tourism, training and entertainment. It will also enable the creation of interfaces that automatically adapt to the user's emotional needs and environment and provide a better collaborative experience.

关键词： human-centered computing human computer Interaction (HCI) Interaction paradigms Virtual reality human-centered computing Interaction design Interaction design process and methods

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A hybrid quantum-classical conditional generative adversarial network algorithm for human-centered paradigm in cloud

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EURASIP JOURNAL ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKING 2021年第1期2021卷 1-17页

作者： Liu, Wenjie Zhang, Ying Deng, Zhiliang Zhao, Jiaojiao Tong, Lian Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol Sch Comp & Software Nanjing 210044 Peoples R China Minist Educ Engn Res Ctr Digital Forens Nanjing 210044 Peoples R China Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol Sch Automat Nanjing 210044 Peoples R China Jiangsu Maritime Inst Sch Informat Engn Nanjing 211100 Peoples R China

As an emerging field that aims to bridge the gap between human activities and computing systems, human-centered computing (HCC) in cloud, edge, fog has had a huge impact on the artificial intelligence algorithms. The quantum generative adversarial network (QGAN) is considered to be one of the quantum machine learning algorithms with great application prospects, which also should be improved to conform to the human-centered paradigm. The generation process of QGAN is relatively random and the generated model does not conform to the human-centered concept, so it is not quite suitable for real scenarios. In order to solve these problems, a hybrid quantum-classical conditional generative adversarial network (QCGAN) algorithm is proposed, which is a knowledge-driven human-computer interaction computing mode that can be implemented in cloud. The purposes of stabilizing the generation process and realizing the interaction between human and computing process are achieved by inputting artificial conditional information in the generator and discriminator. The generator uses the parameterized quantum circuit with an all-to-all connected topology, which facilitates the tuning of network parameters during the training process. The discriminator uses the classical neural network, which effectively avoids the "input bottleneck" of quantum machine learning. Finally, the BAS training set is selected to conduct experiment on the quantum cloud computing platform. The result shows that the QCGAN algorithm can effectively converge to the Nash equilibrium point after training and perform human-centered classification generation tasks.

关键词： Quantum generative adversarial network Conditional generative adversarial network human-centered computing Cloud computing Parameterized quantum circuits

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High-speed Gaze-oriented Projection by Cross-ratio-based Eye Tracking with Dual Infrared Imaging

High-speed Gaze-oriented Projection by Cross-ratio-based Eye...

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IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (IEEE VR)

作者： Matsumoto, Ayumi Sueishi, Tomohiro Ishikawa, Masatoshi Univ Tokyo Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781665484022

While gaze-oriented projection can be high-resolution and wide-area display, conventional methods have difficulties in handling quick human eye movements. In this paper, we propose a high-speed gazeoriented projection system using a synchronized high-speed tracking projector and cross-ratio-based eye tracking. The tracking projector with a high-speed projector and rotational mirrors enables temporal geometric consistency of the projection. The eye tracking uses high-speed cameras and infrared lightings of different wavelengths, and can achieve fast and almost calibration-free due to the cross-ratio algorithm. We have experimentally validated the eye tracking speed and accuracy, system latency, and demonstrated gaze-oriented projection.

关键词： computing methodologies Tracking Hardware Displays and imagers computing methodologies Mixed / augmented reality human-centered computing Displays and imagers

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Designing Immersive Tools for Supporting Cognition in Remote Scientific Collaboration

Designing Immersive Tools for Supporting Cognition in Remote...

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IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (IEEE VR)

作者： Olaosebikan, Monsurat Tufts Univ Medford MA 02155 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781665484022

Scientists collaborate remotely across institutions, countries and continents. However, collaborating remotely is challenging. Video-conferencing tools used for meetings limit the cognitive practices that collaborators can partake in. In virtual reality (VR) users can gain back spatial affordances present in collocated collaboration and we can design interactions that would not be possible in the real world. My research aims to investigate how VR can support cognition in remote scientific collaboration through the design, development, and study of Embodied Notes: a cognitive support tool designed to be used in a collaborative virtual environment.

关键词： human-centered computing Collaborative and social computing systems and tools human-centered computing Virtual reality

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Relationship Between the Sensory Processing Patterns and the Detection Threshold of Curvature Gain

Relationship Between the Sensory Processing Patterns and the...

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IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (IEEE VR)

作者： Matsumoto, Keigo Narumi, Takuji Univ Tokyo Grad Sch Informat Sci & Technol Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781665484022

This study examines the relationship between sensory processing patterns and the effects of redirected walking (RDW). Research efforts have been devoted to identifying the detection threshold (DT) of the RDW techniques, and various DTs have been reported in different studies. Recently, age, sex, and spatial ability have been found to be associated with the DTs of RDW techniques. A preliminary examination was conducted on the relationship between sensory processing patterns, as measured by the Adolescents/Adult Sensory Profile, and the DT of curvature gains, one of the fundamental RDW techniques, and it was suggested that the higher sensory sensitivity tendencies were associated with lower DT, i.e., participants were more likely to notice the RDW technique.

关键词： human-centered computing human-computer interaction (HCI) Interaction paradigms Virtual reality

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