检索结果-内蒙古大学图书馆

Developmental pruning of early-stage myelin segments during CNS myelination in vivo

细胞研究（英文版） 2013年第7期23卷 962-964页

作者： Peng Liu Jiu-lin Du Cheng He Department of Neurobiology and Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology of Ministry of Education Second Military Medical University 800 Xiangyin Road Shanghai 200433 China Institute of Neuroscience and State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 320 Yue-Yang Road Shanghai 200031 China

Dear Editor,Axon-wrapping myelin sheath is essential for proper functioning of the nervous *** is formed from membranous sheets that are elaborated by oligodendrocytes (OLs) in the central nervous system (CNS).Although much is known about the development and migration of OL and its progenitor cell in vitro and in vivo [1-3],how CNS myelin is dynamically formed through OL processes is still unclear [1,3].To examine the process of CNS myelination in vivo,we performed longterm time-lapse confocal imaging of the same OLs in the spinal cord of intact zebrafish larvae during 2-7 days post-fertilization (dpf) with intervals of 2-12 *** OLs were mosaically labeled by membrane-tethered red fluorescent protein (mRFP) under the control of zebrafish Sox10 regulatory DNA [2].We find that,besides extension of some early-stage axon-wrapping myelin segments,28％ segments undergo pruning in an axon diameter-correlated manner during early *** neuregulin-ErbB signaling impairs the pruning but not ***,our study reveals earlystage myelin pruning as a novel process during myelination.

关键词：髓鞘/超微结构中枢神经系统/细胞学体外研究人类

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Production of human CNS neurons from embryonal carcinoma cells using a cell aggregation method

引用

BIOTECHNIQUES 1999年第5期26卷 946-+页

作者： Cheung, WMW Fu, WY Hui, WS Ip, NY Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol Dept Biol Clear Water Bay Hong Kong Peoples R China Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol Biotechnol Res Inst Hong Kong Peoples R China

When treated with retinoic acid (RA), a human embryonal carcinoma (EC) cell line, NTera2 cl.D/1 (NT2), differentiates into several morphologically distinct cell types, which include terminally differentiated postmitotic central nervous system (CNS) neurons. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated the significant potential of NT2 cells in studies related to cancer therapy and neurodegenerative diseases However, preparation of enriched NT2 neurons often requires a lengthy period (co. five,weeks) and depends largely on tedious techniques similar to those used for primary neuronal cultures. Here, we report a rapid protocol for the preparation of these human CNS neurons. Using the method of cell aggregation, enriched NT2 neurons can he obtained in approximately two weeks. We also demonstrated that cell aggregation reduced the time normally required for the induction of neuronal differentiation as revealed by the early expression of neuronal markers. The period of RA treatment could also be reduced if NT2 cells were maintained cls aggregates for a sufficient period of time. Taken together our findings demonstrated that cell aggregation promoted RA-induced neuronal differentiation of NT2 cells and provided a rapid protocol for the efficient production of NT2 neurons. The ability to produce large quantities of human CNS neurons should facilitate future rise of these neurons for basic research and applications in cell therapy.

关键词：生物技术癌胚胎性/病理学细胞集合细胞分化/药物作用中枢神经系统/细胞学中枢神经系统/药物作用中枢神经系统/代谢神经组织蛋白质类/代谢神经突/超微结构神经元/细胞学神经元/药物作用神经元/代谢时间因素维甲酸/药理学肿瘤细胞培养的人类

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Vnd/nkx, ind/gsh, and msh/msx:: conserved regulators of dorsoventral neural patterning?

引用

CURRENT OPINION IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2000年第1期10卷 63-71页

作者： Cornell, RA Von Ohlen, T Univ Oregon Inst Neurosci Eugene OR 97403 USA

Expression of vnd in ventral, ind in intermediate, and msh in dorsal columns of fly neurectoderm, and of homologous gene families in corresponding domains of vertebrate neurectoderm, suggests that elements of dorsoventral neural patterning have been evolutionarily conserved. However, upstream signaling pathways regulating this columnar gene expression pattern appear to have diverged significantly throughout evolution. In addition, while recent loss-of-function studies in flies and mice indicate that these three genes may have a conserved role in regional specification, there is no obvious conservation of the particular cell fates deriving from corresponding domains. The three-column expression pattern may thus represent a developmental mechanism that is more resistant to evolutionary changes than genetic events upstream or downstream of it.

关键词：躯体发育模式中枢神经系统/细胞学中枢神经系统/胚胎学中枢神经系统/代谢保守序列/遗传学保守序列/生理学果蝇蛋白质类黑腹果蝇基因表达调控发育期同源盒结构域蛋白质类/遗传学同源盒结构域蛋白质类/生理学信号传导转录因子脊椎动物动物

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Neuromedin B

引用

PROGRESS IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2000年第3期62卷 297-312页

作者： Ohki-Hamazaki, H Tokyo Med & Dent Univ Med Res Inst Dept Mol Neurosci Bunkyo Ku Tokyo 1138519 Japan

Neuromedin B (NMB) is one of the bombesin (BN)-related peptides in mammals. It was originally purified from pig spinal cords, and it has been shown to be present in central nervous system as well as in gastrointestinal tract. BN and its related peptides have various physiological effects. These include regulation of exocrine and endocrine secretions, smooth muscle contraction, feeding, blood pressure, blood glucose, body temperature and cell growth. NMB exerts its effect by binding to the cell surface receptor. A high affinity receptor, NMB receptor (NMB-R) has been identified. This is a G-protein coupled receptor with seven membrane-spanning regions. Upon agonist binding, several intracellular signaling cascades including phospholipase activation, calcium mobilization and protein kinase C (PKC) activation lead to expression of several genes, DNA synthesis or cellular effects such as secretion. Existence of NMB-R has been demonstrated in several brain regions, notably in olfactory and thalamic regions, and in gastrointestinal tracts. Recent analysis using NMB-R-deficient mice, generated by gene-targeting technique, enables to distinguish functional properties of NMB-R from GRP-R. In this review, molecular characterization, anatomical distribution and pharmacological properties of NMB and NMB-R will be presented. Moreover, physiological roles of NMB and its receptor demonstrated by the analysis of NMB-R-deficient mice will be reported. Comparison with GRP/GRP-R system will provide important information about BN-like peptide systems in mammals. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词：中枢神经系统/细胞学中枢神经系统/代谢消化系统/细胞学消化系统/代谢神经激肽B/类似物和衍生物神经激肽B/代谢动物人类

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Atm and Bax cooperate in ionizing radiation-induced apoptosis in the central nervous system

引用

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 2000年第2期97卷 889-894页

作者： Chong, MJ Murray, MR Gosink, EC Russell, HRC Srinivasan, A Kapsetaki, M Korsmeyer, SJ McKinnon, PJ St Jude Childrens Res Hosp Dept Genet Memphis TN 38101 USA IDUN Pharmaceut Inc La Jolla CA 92037 USA Harvard Univ Sch Med Dana Farber Canc Inst Dept Pathol & Med Boston MA 02115 USA

Ataxia-telangiectasia is a hereditary multisystemic disease resulting from mutations of ataxia telangiectasia, mutated (ATM) and is characterized by neurodegeneration, cancer, immune defects, and hypersensitivity to ionizing radiation. The molecular details of ATM function in the nervous system are unclear, although the neurological lesion in ataxia-telangiectasia becomes apparent early in life, suggesting a developmental origin. The central nervous system (CNS) of Atm-null mice shows a pronounced defect in apoptosis induced by genetoxic stress, suggesting ATM functions to eliminate neurons with excessive genomic damage. Here, we report that the death effector Bax is required for a large proportion of Atm-dependent apoptosis in the developing CNS after ionizing radiation (IR). Although many of the same regions of the CNS in both Bax-/- and Atm-/- mice were radioresistant, mice nullizygous for both Bax and Atm showed additional reduction in IR-induced apoptosis in the CNS. Therefore, although the major IR-induced apoptotic pathway in the CNS requires Atm and Bax, a p53-dependent collateral pathway exists that has both Atm- and Bax-independent branches. Further, Atm- and Bax-dependent apoptosis in the CNS also required caspase-3 activation. These data implicate Bax and caspase-3 as death effecters in neurodegenerative pathways.

关键词：细胞凋亡/遗传学细胞凋亡/辐射效应印迹法蛋白质半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶3 半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶/代谢细胞周期蛋白质类中枢神经系统/细胞学中枢神经系统/代谢中枢神经系统/辐射效应小脑/代谢小脑/辐射效应 DNA结合蛋白质类齿状回/代谢齿状回/辐射效应酶激活/辐射效应基因型小鼠基因敲除蛋白质丝氨酸苏氨酸激酶/遗传学蛋白质丝氨酸苏氨酸激酶/代谢蛋白质丝氨酸苏氨酸激酶/生理学原癌基因蛋白质类/遗传学原癌基因蛋白质类/代谢原癌基因蛋白质类/生理学原癌基因蛋白质c-bcl-2 辐射电离视网膜/代谢视网膜/辐射效应肿瘤抑制蛋白质p53/遗传学肿瘤抑制蛋白质p53/代谢肿瘤抑制蛋白质p53/生理学肿瘤抑制蛋白质类 bcl-2相关X蛋白质动物小鼠

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Stem cells in the adult mammalian central nervous system

引用

CURRENT OPINION IN NEUROBIOLOGY 1999年第1期9卷 135-141页

作者： Temple, S Alvarez-Buylla, A Albany Med Coll Dept Pharmacol & Neurosci A60 Albany NY 12208 USA Rockefeller Univ New York NY 10021 USA

Over the past year, evidence has accrued that adult CNS stem cells are a widespread progenitor cell type. These cells may normally replace neurons and/or glia in the adult brain and spinal cord, Advances have been made in understanding the signals that regulate stem cell proliferation and differentiation. A deeper understanding of the structure of germinal zones has helped us move towards identifying stem cells in vivo. Recent studies suggest that the fate of stem cell progeny in vivo may be linked to the complexity of the animal's environment.

关键词：年龄因素细胞分化/药物作用中枢神经系统/细胞学表皮生长因子/药理学成纤维细胞生长因子2/药理学干细胞/细胞学干细胞/药物作用动物小鼠大鼠

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

lynx1, an endogenous toxin-like modulator of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the mammalian CNS

引用

NEURON 1999年第1期23卷 105-114页

作者： Miwa, JM Ibanez-Tallon, I Crabtree, GW Sánchez, R Sali, A Role, LW Heintz, N Rockefeller Univ Howard Hughes Med Inst Mol Biol Lab New York NY 10021 USA Rockefeller Univ Mol Biophys Lab New York NY 10021 USA Columbia Univ Dept Anat Ctr Neurobiol New York NY 10032 USA

Elapid snake venom neurotoxins exert their effects through high-affinity interactions with specific neurotransmitter receptors. A novel murine gene, lynx1, is highly expressed in the brain and contains the cysteine-rich motif characteristic of this class of neurotoxins. Primary sequence and gene structure analyses reveal an evolutionary relationship between lynx1 and the Ly-6/neurotoxin gene family, lynx1 is expressed in large projection neurons in the hippocampus, cortex, and cerebellum. In cerebellar neurons, lynx1 protein is localized to a specific subdomain including the soma and proximal dendrites. lynx1 binding to brain sections correlates with the distribution of nAChRs, and application of lynx1 to Xenopus oocytes expressing nAChRs results in an increase in acetylcholine-evoked macroscopic currents. These results identify lynx1 as a novel protein modulator for nAChRs in vitro, which could have important implications in the regulation of cholinergic function in vivo.

关键词：氨基酸序列/遗传学环蛇毒素类/遗传学中枢神经系统/细胞学中枢神经系统/代谢膜糖蛋白类/遗传学膜糖蛋白类/代谢膜糖蛋白类/生理学分子序列数据多基因族/遗传学神经元/代谢神经肽类/遗传学神经肽类/代谢神经肽类/生理学卵母细胞受体烟碱/代谢爪蟾属动物女(雌)性小鼠

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Visualization of the entire trajectory of long axons of single mammalian CNS neurons

引用

BRAIN RESEARCH BULLETIN 1999年第5-6期50卷 387-388页

作者： Shinoda, Y Tokyo Med & Dent Univ Sch Med Dept Syst Neurophysiol Bunkyou Ku Tokyo 113 Japan

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Asymmetric division of Drosophila neural stem cells:: a basis for neural diversity

引用

CURRENT OPINION IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2000年第1期10卷 38-44页

作者： Matsuzaki, F Tohoku Univ Inst Dev Aging & Canc Dept Dev Neurobiol Japan Sci & Technol CorpCRESTAoba Ku Sendai Miyagi 9808575 Japan

Recent studies of Drosophila neural precursor cells have unveiled the essential roles played by asymmetric cell divisions in the determination of cell fates during neural development. Our understanding now extends to the molecular nature of the cell polarity that underlies asymmetric divisions. This polarity is conserved among neural stem cells, epithelial cells and fertilized eggs.

关键词：细胞分化细胞分裂细胞极性中枢神经系统/细胞学中枢神经系统/胚胎学保守序列果蝇黑腹/细胞学果蝇黑腹/胚胎学上皮细胞/细胞学上皮细胞/代谢有丝分裂纺锤体/代谢神经元/细胞学神经元/代谢 RNA 信使/遗传学 RNA 信使/代谢干细胞/细胞学干细胞/代谢动物

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Recombinant adeno-associated virus type 2, 4, and 5 vectors: Transduction of variant cell types and regions in the mammalian central nervous system

引用

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 2000年第7期97卷 3428-3432页

作者： Davidson, BL Stein, CS Heth, JA Martins, I Kotin, RM Derksen, TA Zabner, J Ghodsi, A Chiorini, JA Univ Iowa Coll Med Dept Internal Med Program Gene Therapy Iowa City IA 52242 USA Univ Iowa Coll Med Dept Neurol Iowa City IA 52242 USA Univ Iowa Coll Med Dept Neurosurg Iowa City IA 52242 USA NHLBI Mol Hematol Branch NIH Bethesda MD 20892 USA Natl Inst Dent & Craniofacial Res Gene Therapy & Therapeut Branch NIH Bethesda MD 20892 USA

Recombinant adeno-associated virus vectors based on serotype 2 (rAAV2) can direct transgene expression in the central nervous system (CNS), but it is not known how other rAAV serotypes perform as CNS gene transfer vectors. Serotypes 4 and 5 are distinct from rAAV2 and from each other in their capsid regions, suggesting that they may direct binding and entry into different cell types. In this study, we examined the tropisms and transduction efficiencies of P-galactosidase-encoding vectors made from rAAV4 and rAAV5 compared with similarly designed rAAV2-based vectors. Injection of rAAV5 beta-galactosidase (beta gal) or rAAV4 beta gal into the lateral ventricle resulted in stable transduction of ependymal cells, with approximately 10-fold more positive cells than in mice injected with rAAV2 beta gal. Major differences between the three vectors were revealed upon striatal injections. Intrastriatal injection of rAAV4 beta gal resulted again in striking ependyma-specific expression of transgene, with a notable absence of transduced cells in the parenchyma. rAAV2 beta gal and rAAV5 beta gal intrastriatal injections led to beta-gal-positive parenchymal cells, but unlike rAAV2 beta gal, rAAV5 beta gal transduced both neurons and astrocytes. The number of transgene-positive cells in rAAV5 beta gal-injected brains was 130 and 5,000 times higher than in rAAV2 beta gal-injected brains at 3 and 15 wk, respectively. Moreover, transgene-positive cells were widely dispersed throughout the injected hemisphere in rAAV5 beta gal-transduced animals. Together, our data provide in vivo support for earlier in vitro work, suggesting that rAAV4 and rAAV5 gain cell entry by means of receptors distinct from rAAV2. These differences could be exploited to improve gene therapy for CNS disorders.

关键词：中枢神经系统/细胞学中枢神经系统/病毒学依赖病毒/遗传学遗传载体免疫组织化学小鼠近交C57BL 重组遗传转导遗传 β半乳糖苷酶类/遗传学动物男(雄)性小鼠

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：