检索结果-内蒙古大学图书馆

作者： Iwasaki, T Hori, H Hayashi, Y Nishino, T Tamura, K Oue, S Iizuka, T Ogura, T Esumi, H Nippon Med Sch Dept Biochem & Mol Biol Bunkyo Ku Tokyo 1138602 Japan RIKEN Inst Phys & Chem Res Biophys Chem Lab Wako Saitama 3510198 Japan Natl Canc Ctr Res Inst E Investigat Treatment Div Kashiwa Chiba 2770882 Japan

Mouse neuronal nitric-oxide synthase 2 (nNOS2) is a unique natural variant of constitutive neuronal nitric-oxide synthase (nNOS) specifically expressed in the central nervous system having a 105-amino acid deletion in the heme-binding domain as a result of in-frame mutation by specific alternative splicing. The mouse nNOS2 cDNA gene was heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli, and the resultant product was characterized spectroscopically in detail. Purified recombinant nNOS2 contained heme but showed no L-arginine- and NADPH-dependent citrulline-forming activity in the presence of Ca2+-promoted calmodulin, elicited a sharp electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) signal at g = 6.0 indicating the presence of a high spin ferriheme as isolated and showed a peak at around 420 nm in the CO difference spectrum, instead of a 443-nm peak detected with the recombinant wild-type nNOS1 enzyme. Thus, although the heme domain of nNOS2 is capable of binding heme, the heme coordination geometry is highly abnormal in that it probably has a proximal non-cysteine thiolate ligand both in the ferric and ferrous states. Moreover, negligible spectral perturbation of the nNOS2 ferriheme was detected upon addition of either L-arginine or imidazole. These provide a possible rational explanation for the inability of nNOS2 to catalyze the cytochrome P450-type monooxygenase reaction.

关键词：选择性剪接氨基酸序列中枢神经系统/酶学血红素/化学模型分子分子序列数据 NADP/药理学一氧化氮合酶/化学一氧化氮合酶/遗传学一氧化氮合酶Ⅰ型一氧化氮合酶Ⅱ型重组蛋白质类/化学重组蛋白质类/遗传学序列比对序列缺失分光光度法紫外线动物小鼠

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Defective embryonic neurogenesis in Ku-deficient but not DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit-deficient mice

引用

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 2000年第6期97卷 2668-2673页

作者： Gu, YS Sekiguchi, J Gao, YJ Dikkes, P Frank, K Ferguson, D Hasty, P Chun, J Alt, FW Harvard Univ Sch Med Childrens Hosp Howard Hughes Med Inst Boston MA 02115 USA Harvard Univ Sch Med Ctr Blood Res Boston MA 02115 USA Harvard Univ Sch Med Dept Genet Boston MA 02115 USA Childrens Hosp Dept Neurol Boston MA 02115 USA Lexicon Genet The Woodlands TX 77381 USA Univ Calif San Diego Sch Med Neurosci Program Dept Pharmacol La Jolla CA 92093 USA

Mammalian nonhomologous DNA end joining employs Ku70, Ku80. DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs), XRCC4 and DNA ligase IV (Lig4). Herein, we show that Ku70 and Ku80 deficiency but not DNA-PKcs deficiency results in dramatically increased death of developing embryonic neurons in mice. The Ku-deficient phenotype is qualitatively similar to, but less severe than, that associated with XRCC4 and Lig4 deficiency. The lack of a neuronal death phenotype in DNA-PKcs-deficient embryos and the milder phenotype of Ku-deficient versus XRCC4- or Lig4-deficient embryos correlate with relative leakiness of residual end joining in these mutant backgrounds as assayed by a V(D)J recombination end joining assay. We conclude that normal development of the nervous system depends on the four evolutionarily conserved nonhomologous DNA end joining factors.

关键词：抗原核细胞凋亡细胞培养的中枢神经系统/畸形中枢神经系统/胚胎学中枢神经系统/酶学大脑皮质/细胞学大脑皮质/病理学 DNA解旋酶类 DNA连接酶类/生理学 DNA活化蛋白激酶 DNA结合蛋白质类/生理学间脑/细胞学间脑/病理学成纤维细胞/代谢原位缺口末端标记小鼠突变型神经元/细胞学神经元/病理学核蛋白质类/生理学表型蛋白质丝氨酸苏氨酸激酶/生理学重组遗传脊髓/细胞学脊髓/病理学时间因素动物小鼠

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Tissue transglutaminase: a possible role in neurodegenerative diseases

引用

PROGRESS IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2000年第5期61卷 439-463页

作者： Lesort, M Tucholski, J Miller, ML Johnson, GVW Univ Alabama Birmingham Dept Psychiat & Behav Neurobiol Birmingham AL 35294 USA

Tissue transglutaminase is a multifunctional protein that is likely to play a role in numerous processes in the nervous system. Tissue transglutaminase posttranslationally modifies proteins by transamidation of specific polypeptide bound glutamines. This action results in the formation of protein crosslinks or the incorporation of polyamines into substrate proteins, modifications that likely have significant effects on neural function. Tissue transglutaminase is a unique member of the transglutaminase family as in addition to catalyzing the calcium-dependent transamidation reaction, it also binds and hydrolyzes ATP and Guanosine 5'-triphosphate and may play a role in signal transduction. Tissue transglutaminase is a highly regulated and inducible enzyme that is developmentally regulated in the nervous system. In vitro, numerous substrates of tissue transglutaminase have been identified, and several of these proteins have been shown to be in situ substrates as well, Several specific roles for tissue transglutaminase have been described and there is evidence that tissue transglutaminase may also play a role in apoptosis. Recent findings have provided evidence that dysregulation of tissue transglutaminase may contribute to the pathology of several neurodegenerative conditions including Alzheimer's disease and Huntington's disease. In both of these diseases tissue transglutaminase and transglutaminase activity are elevated compared to age-matched controls, Further, immunohistochemical studies have demonstrated that there is an increase in tissue transglutaminase reactivity in affected neurons in both Alzheimer's and Huntingtons disease. Although intriguing, many issues remain to be addressed to definitively establish a role for tissue transglutaminase in these neurodegenerative diseases. (C) 2000 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词：中枢神经系统/酶学中枢神经系统/病理生理学 GTP结合蛋白质类/遗传学 GTP结合蛋白质类/代谢神经变性疾病/酶学神经变性疾病/病理生理学转谷酰胺酶/遗传学转谷酰胺酶/代谢动物人类

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Murine acid α-glucosidase -: Cell-specific mRNA differential expression during development and maturation

引用

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 1999年第4期154卷 1089-1096页

作者： Ponce, E Witte, DP Hirschhorn, R Huie, ML Grabowski, GA Childrens Hosp Ctr Med Div Pathol Cincinnati OH 45229 USA NYU Ctr Med New York NY USA

Acid cy-glucosidase (GAA) cleaves the alpha 1-4 and alpha 1-6 glycosidic linkages of glycogen and related alpha-glucosyl substrates within lysosomes, Its deficiency results in glycogen storage disease type II (GSDII) variants including Pompe disease. To gain insight into the tissue patterns of involvement by glycogen storage in GSDII, GAA mRNA expression in mouse tissues was evaluated by Northern blot and in situ hybridization analyses. Extensive temporal and spatial variation of GAA mRNA was observed, During preterm maturation, GAA mRNA levels of whole mice progressively increased as assessed by Northern analysis, By ill situ hybridization with GAA antisense mRNA, low signals were detected in most tissues throughout gestation, However, increased expression in specific cell types of different tissues was observed beginning at 16 days post coitum in developing brain neurons, primitive inner ear cells, and seminiferous tubular epithelium, In adult mice, whole-organ GAA mRNA levels were highest in brain, moderate in heart, liver, and skeletal muscle, and lowest in the series kidney > lung > testis > spleen. By in situ hybridization, the highest-intensity signals were in neurons of the central and peripheral nervous systems whereas neuroglial cells had only low-level signal. Signals of moderate intensity were in cardiomyocytes whereas low signals were in hepatocytes and skeletal muscle myocytes and very low in cells of the lungs, thymus, pancreas, spleen, and adrenal glands, However, testicular Sertoli cells and kidney tubular epithelial cells had significant signals even though surrounding cells had very low signals. The discrete temporal and spatial variations of GAA mRNA during development indicate different physiological roles for this enzyme in various cell types and developmental stages.

关键词：印迹法 RNA 中枢神经系统/酶学胚胎哺乳动物基因表达调控发育期葡聚糖1 4-α-葡糖苷酶/遗传学原位杂交肝/酶学小鼠近交系肌骨骼/酶学心肌/酶学神经元/酶学器官特异性 RNA 反义/代谢 RNA 信使/生物合成时间因素 α葡糖苷酶类/遗传学动物男(雄)性小鼠

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Nicotine infusion modulates immobilization stress-triggered induction of gene expression of rat catecholamine biosynthetic enzymes

引用

JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS 1999年第2期291卷 884-892页

作者： Serova, L Danailov, E Chamas, F Sabban, EL New York Med Coll Dept Biochem & Mol Biol Valhalla NY 10595 USA

The relationship between nicotine and stress is complex and paradoxical. Although people claim they smoke because it relaxes them, nicotine can trigger some of the effects observed with stress, including the release and synthesis of the catecholamines and their biosynthetic enzymes. This study examined one aspect of this confusing relationship between nicotine and stress. Multiple injections of nicotine bitartrate (5 mg/kg) elevated mRNA levels for the catecholamine biosynthetic enzymes, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH), and phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase, and of preproneuropeptide Y in rat adrenal medulla more than did 1 mg/kg of nicotine bitartrate. In the locus ceruleus, substantia nigra, and ventral tegmental area both doses equally induced TH mRNA levels. Nicotine infusion (15 mg/kg/day) did not affect adrenal mRNA levels for any of the genes of interest and did not increase plasma corticosterone levels. However, in rats preexposed to nicotinic infusions, the response to a single immobilization (IMO) stress was markedly attenuated with respect to changes in adrenomedullary TH, DBH, and phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase mRNA levels and in c-Fos protein levels. In the central nervous system, the chronic infusion of nicotine prevented the induction of TH mRNA by repeated IMO stress in the ventral tegmental area (but not in substantia nigra) and of DBH mRNA by single IMO in the locus ceruleus. These findings may explain some of the complex interactions between stress and exposure to nicotine.

关键词：肾上腺髓质/药物作用肾上腺髓质/酶学儿茶酚胺类/生物合成中枢神经系统/药物作用中枢神经系统/酶学皮质酮/血液多巴胺β羟化酶/遗传学混合功能氧化酶类/遗传学神经肽类/遗传学尼古丁/投药和剂量尼古丁/药理学苯基乙醇胺N-甲基转移酶/遗传学原癌基因蛋白质c-fos/代谢 RNA 信使/代谢大鼠 Sprague-Dawley 无特异性病原体有机物应力物理酪氨酸单氧化酶/遗传学动物男(雄)性大鼠

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Paradoxical influence of acid β-galactosidase gene dosage on phenotype of the twitcher mouse (genetic galactosylceramidase deficiency)

引用

HUMAN MOLECULAR GENETICS 2000年第11期9卷 1699-1707页

作者： Tohyama, J Vanier, MT Suzuki, K Ezoe, T Matsuda, J Suzuki, K Univ N Carolina Sch Med Ctr Neurosci Chapel Hill NC 27599 USA Univ N Carolina Sch Med Dept Neurol Chapel Hill NC 27599 USA Univ N Carolina Sch Med Dept Psychiat Chapel Hill NC 27599 USA Univ N Carolina Sch Med Dept Pathol & Lab Med Chapel Hill NC 27599 USA Lyon Sud Hosp Lyon Sud Sch Med & Fdn Gillet Merieux INSERM U189 F-69921 Oullins France

We have cross-bred twitcher mice (galactosylceramidase deficiency) and acid beta-galactosidase knockout mice (G(M1) gangliosidosis) and found that the acid beta-galactosidase gene dosage exerts an unexpected and paradoxical influence on the twitcher phenotype, Twitcher mice with an additional complete deficiency of acid beta-gatactosidase have the mildest phenotype with the longest lifespan and nearly rescued CNS pathology. In contrast, twitcher mice with a single functional acid beta-galactosidase gene have the most severe disease with the shortest lifespan, despite the fact that G(M1) gangliosidosis carrier mice with an otherwise normal genetic background are phenotypically normal. A significant proportion of these galc(-/-), bgal(+/-) mice clinically develop additional extreme hyper-reactivity and generalized seizures not seen in any other genotypes, Consistent with the clinical seizures, widespread neuronal degeneration is present in the galc(-/-), bgal(+/-) mice, most prominently in the CA3 region of the hippocampus. The double knockout mice show a massive accumulation of lactosylceramide in ail tissues. The brain inexplicably contains only a half-normal amount of galactosylceramide, which may account for the mild clinical and pathological phenotype, On the other hand, brain psychosine level is increased in all twitcher mice, but galc(-/-), bgal(+/-) mice show a significantly higher level than other genotypes, The reduced galactosylceramide in the brain of the double knockout mice and the significantly higher psychosine in the brain of the galc(-/-), bgal(+/-) mice cannot readily be explained from the genotypes of these mice. These observations are contrary to the expected outcome of Mendelian autosomal recessive single gene disorders and may also be interpreted as that the acid beta-galactosidase gene functions as a modifier gene for the phenotypic expression of genetic galactosylceramidase deficiency.

关键词：中枢神经系统/酶学中枢神经系统/代谢中枢神经系统/病理学半乳糖神经酰胺酶/缺乏半乳糖神经酰胺酶/遗传学基因型生长障碍/酶学生长障碍/遗传学生长障碍/死亡率肝/酶学肝/代谢肝/病理学小鼠近交C57BL 小鼠基因敲除小鼠突变型神经变性/酶学神经变性/遗传学神经变性/病理学表型存活率时间因素 β半乳糖苷酶类/遗传学 β半乳糖苷酶类/代谢动物女(雌)性男(雄)性小鼠

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Casein kinase 2 as a potentially important enzyme in the nervous system

引用

PROGRESS IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2000年第3期60卷 211-246页

作者： Blanquet, PR U161 INSERM Unite Rech Physiopharmacol Syst Nerveux F-75014 Paris France

Protein kinase CK2 is a ubiquitous and pleiotropic seryl/threonyl protein kinase which is highly conserved in evolution indicating a vital cellular role for this kinase. The holoenzyme is generally composed of two catalytic (alpha and/or alpha') and two regulatory (beta) subunits, but the free alpha/alpha' subunits are catalytically active by themselves and can be present in cells under some circumstances. Special attention has been devoted to phosphorylation status and structure of these enzymic molecules, however, their regulation and roles remain intriguing. Until recently, CK2 was believed to represent a kinase especially required for cell cycle progression in non-neural cells. At present, with respect to recent findings, four essential features suggest potentially important roles for this enzyme in specific neural functions: (1) CK2 is much more abundant in brain than in any other tissue;(2) there appear to be a myriad of substrates for CK2 in both synaptic and nuclear compartments that have clear implications in development, neuritogenesis, synaptic transmission, synaptic plasticity, information storage and survival;(3) CK2 seems to be associated with mechanisms underlying long-term potentiation in hippocampus;and (4) neurotrophins stimulate activity of CK2 in hippocampus, In addition, some data are suggestive that CK2 might play a role in processes underlying progressive disorders due to Alzheimer's disease, ischemia, chronic alcohol exposure or immunodeficiency virus HIV. The present review focuses mainly on the latest data concerning the regulatory mechanisms and the possible neurophysiological functions of this enzyme. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词：酪蛋白激酶Ⅱ 中枢神经系统/酶学蛋白质丝氨酸苏氨酸激酶/代谢动物人类

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

ACETYLCHOLINE AND ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE IN 6 REGIONS OF FROG CENTRAL NERVOUS-SYSTEM

引用

NEUROPHARMACOLOGY 1975年第5-6期14卷 427-430页

作者： NISTRI, A DEBELLIS, AM CAMMELLI, E UNIV FLORENCE FAC MEDINST PHARMACOLVIALE MORGAGNI 6550134 FLORENCEITALY

The acetylcholine content and acetylcholinesterase activity of six regions of the frog central nervous system were investigated. Acetylcholine was bioassayed on the dorsal muscle of the leech and acetylcholinesterase was spectrophotometrically measured using acetylthiocholine as a substrate. The highest brain acetylcholine levels were in the midbrain and the lowest in the telencephalon. In the spinal cord, acetylcholine was mainly concentrated in the lumbar region rather than in the cervical and thoracic portions. Acetylcholinesterase activity showed a less pronounced regional difference, although the amount found in the telencephalon was very low. The discrete brain and spinal distribution of acetylcholine favours a transmitter role of this substance in the frog central nervous system.

关键词：乙酰胆碱/代谢乙酰胆碱酯酶/代谢中枢神经系统/酶学中枢神经系统/代谢中脑/代谢器官特异性食用蛙脊髓/代谢端脑/代谢动物女(雌)性男(雄)性

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：