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The presence of salt and a curing agent reduces bacteriocin production by Lactobacillus sakei CTC 494, a potential starter culture for sausage fermentation

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APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY 1999年第12期65卷 5350-5356页

作者： Leroy, F De Vuyst, L Free Univ Brussels Dept Appl Biol Sci Res Grp Ind Microbiol Fermentat Technol & Downstr B-1050 Brussels Belgium

The specific conditions in the batter of raw fermented sausages may reduce the efficiency of bacteriocin-producing starter cultures. In this work, using in vitro fermentation, we found that sodium chloride and sodium nitrite interfere with the growth of Lactobacillus sakei CTC 494, an organism which produces the antilisterial bacteriocin sakacin K. Because sakacin K production follows primary metabolite kinetics, a decrease in cell formation resulted in a decrease in sakacin K production as well. Sodium chloride dramatically influenced bacteriocin production by decreasing both biomass production and specific bacteriocin production. Sodium nitrite, however, had no effect on specific bacteriocin production and decreased bacteriocin production only because of its effect on cell growth. Moreover, sodium nitrite enhanced the toxic effect of lactic acid on bacterial growth.

关键词：细菌素类/生物合成生物量发酵食品处理和加工甘油/药理学动力学乳杆菌属/药物作用乳杆菌属/生长和发育肉制品/微生物学氯化钠/药理学亚硝酸钠/药理学

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Growth, pigment production and protease activity of Monascus purpureus as affected by salt, sodium nitrite, polyphosphate and various sugars

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JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2000年第1期88卷 31-37页

作者： Tseng, YY Chen, MT Lin, CF Natl Pingtung Univ Sci & Technol Dept Anim Sci Pingtung 91207 Taiwan Natl Chung Shing Univ Dept Anim Sci Taichung Taiwan Inst Microbial Resources Taichung Taiwan

The effect of different levels of salt, sodium nitrite, polyphosphate and various sugars on growth, pigment production, protease activity and culture pH caused by Monascus purpureus was studied in broth medium and ground meat. The addition of sodium chloride (> 50.0 g l(-1)) and polyphosphate (> 3.0 g l(-1)) to broth medium decreased mycelial growth, pigment production and protease activity of M. purpureus, whereas low concentrations of sodium nitrite (< 0.2 g l(-1)) promoted mycelial growth and pigment production. When the basal medium and ground meat contained salt, 150.0 g l(-1), the mould growth was stopped. The medium with fructose as carbon source proved to be the most suitable for mycelium growth and pigment production, with maltose and glucose being the second most productive. When sucrose and lactose were used as carbon sources, mycelium growth and pigment production were inhibited but the protease activity increased significantly. The mould showed more tolerance to salt and polyphosphate in ground meat than in broth medium and used sucrose as a carbon source as well as glucose for growth and pigment production in the meat mixture.

关键词：子囊菌纲/酶学子囊菌纲/生长和发育子囊菌纲/代谢碳水化合物/药理学培养基内肽酶类/代谢食品防腐剂/药理学氢离子浓度肉/微生物学色素类生物学/生物合成多磷酸盐类/药理学氯化钠/药理学亚硝酸钠/药理学猪动物

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Visualization of myoglobin-facilitated mitochondrial O₂ delivery in a single isolated cardiomyocyte

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BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL 2000年第6期78卷 3252-3259页

作者： Takahashi, E Endoh, H Doi, K Yamagata Univ Sch Med Dept Physiol Yamagata 9909585 Japan

The purpose of the present study was to visualize myoglobin-facilitated oxygen delivery to mitochondria at a critical mitochondrial oxygen supply in single isolated cardiomyocytes of rats. Using the autofluorescence of mitochondrial reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (phosphate) (NAD(P)H), the mitochondrial oxygen supply was imaged from similar to 1.4 mu m inside the cell surface at a subcellular spatial resolution. Significant radial gradients of intracellular oxygenation were produced by superfusing the cell suspension with a mixed gas containing 2-4% oxygen while stimulating mitochondrial respiration with an uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation. Augmentation of the NAD(P)H fluorescence started from the core of the cell (anoxic core) and progressively expanded toward the plasma membrane, as the extracellular Po-2 was lowered. Inactivation of cytosolic myoglobin by 5 mM NaNO2 significantly enlarged such anoxic regions. Nitrite affected neither mitochondrial respiration in uncoupled cells nor the relationship between Po-2 and the NAD(P)H fluorescence in coupled cells. Thus we conclude that myoglobin significantly facilitates intracellular oxygen transport at a critical level of mitochondrial oxygen supply in single cardiomyocytes.

关键词：细胞培养的心室动力学显微镜检查荧光/方法线粒体心脏/代谢心肌/细胞学肌红蛋白/代谢 NAD/代谢 NADP/代谢氧耗量大鼠 Sprague-Dawley 亚硝酸钠/药理学动物男(雄)性大鼠

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EVIDENCE THAT INDUCTION AND SUPPRESSION OF MUTATIONS AND RECOMBINATIONS BY CHEMICAL MUTAGENS IN S-CEREVISIAE DURING MITOSIS ARE JOINTLY CORRELATED

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MOLECULAR AND GENERAL GENETICS 1979年第2期168卷 125-139页

作者： FAHRIG, R DEUTSCH FORSCH GEMEINSCHAFT ZENT LAB MUTAGENITATSPRUFUNG BREISACHER STR 33 D-7800 FREIBURG FED REP GER

Mutagen-induced intergenic and interallelic recombination as well as forward mutation were studied in one strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In nontoxic dose ranges, the induction of mutants and recombinants was parallel after treatment with ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS), methyl methanesulfonate (MMS), N-methyl-N''-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), triethylene melamine (TEM), 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4-NQO), NaNO2 and 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (2,4-DNFB). Acridine orange (AO), after treatment without light, induced recombinants, but reduced the frequency of spontaneous mutations. In combination with TEM, AO exerted the same effect, i.e., reduced its mutagenic effect and enhanced its recombinogenic effect. 4,5,6-Trichloro-2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy) phenol (Cl5-predioxin) induced mutants and intergenic recombinants, but specifically reduced the spontaneous frequency of interallelic recombinants. In combination with TEM, it enhanced its mutagenic and intergenic recombinogenic effects, but reduced its interallelic recombinogenic effect. Essentially similar lesions can lead to different genetic consequences. Induction of mutation and recombination are jointly correlated, i.e., suppression of mutations leads to an enhancement of recombinations, while suppression of recombinations leads to an enhancement of mutations. A speculative concept for mutation and recombination induction in the diploid yeast cell during mitosis is presented.

关键词： 4-硝基喹啉-1-氧化物/药理学吖啶橙/药理学氯酚类/药理学二硝基氟苯/药理学药物相互作用甲磺酸乙酯/药理学甲磺酸甲酯/药理学甲硝基亚硝胍/药理学有丝分裂诱变剂/药理学突变/药物作用苯乙醚类/药理学重组遗传/药物作用酿酒酵母菌/药物作用酿酒酵母菌/遗传学亚硝酸钠/药理学三乙撑密胺/药理学

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