Measurement of physical fitness and physical activity in children and adolescents raise a lot of methodological issues, explaining the scarcity of surveys in European countries and in Switzerland. This article exposes...
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Measurement of physical fitness and physical activity in children and adolescents raise a lot of methodological issues, explaining the scarcity of surveys in European countries and in Switzerland. This article exposes the design and the methods used in a survey on physical fitness, physical activity and health conducted in a region of Switzerland, and discuss the choice of the instruments and the quality control procedure selected to measure physical activity and physical fitness. The survey was conducted in a sample of 3540 students 9-19 years-old and included a battery of physical fitness tests, anthropometrics, measurements and a self-report questionnaire on physical activity, sports activity and lifestyles. An ancillary study in a sub sample assessed daily physical activity with a pedometer, dietary in-take with a 3-day dietary record, serum lipids and nutritional status. Some results are displayed as example. Quality control techniques are exposed and the choice of the instrument to assess physical fitness, physical activity, sports, and dietary intake are discussed. Local reference tables are now available for fitness tests and the practicability of fitness testing has been demonstrated in physical education. The research process has induced the sensitisation of schools toward health promotion through physical activity.
A computerized search of literature on sport for disabled persons referenced in the MEDLINE (Index Medicus) and the SPORTDiscus (Sport International Resource Center SIRC) databases yielded 253 records published during...
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A computerized search of literature on sport for disabled persons referenced in the MEDLINE (Index Medicus) and the SPORTDiscus (Sport International Resource Center SIRC) databases yielded 253 records published during the past 15 years. An analysis of these records by disability, age, and scientific discipline indicated that (a) publications related to physiology were most frequent (41%), followed by publications related to psychology (29%);(b) 58% of all records had wheelchair users as subjects;and (c) children were exclusive subjects in 10% and females in less than 2% of the records reviewed in this search.
This study involved a comparison of scores on the Commitment to Physical Activity Scale and the Social Physique Anxiety Scale by 258 women athletes, kinesiology majors, and a control group. Mean commitment to physical...
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This study involved a comparison of scores on the Commitment to Physical Activity Scale and the Social Physique Anxiety Scale by 258 women athletes, kinesiology majors, and a control group. Mean commitment to physical activity of the control group was significantly lower than the means of the other groups;the mean on anxiety about social physique was significantly higher.
This study examined whether there is overall agreement amongst professional cricketers on the factors which are most important for the occurrence of repeatable good performances in the sport. Also, the consistency of ...
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This study examined whether there is overall agreement amongst professional cricketers on the factors which are most important for the occurrence of repeatable good performances in the sport. Also, the consistency of the rank-order of such variables was investigated across individuals and roles within the same sport. A total of 198 cricketers (100 batters and 98 bowlers) who play or have played first class cricket in the English County Championship completed a rank-order task, which enabled them to use their experiences to judge the importance of 15 selected performance-influencing variables. Cultural consensus analysis indicated that no one factor for either batters or bowlers was significantly more important, despite many barters and bowlers ranking the need for 'total self-confidence' highest. Whilst no over-all agreement was found for Letters and bowlers in their ranking of variables, a group of similar 'core elements', e.g., total self-confidence, following a set prematch routine, set performance plans, optimal arousal, and using mental rehearsal, were highly ranked by both groups, which may be an important consideration for practitioners endeavoring to produce strategies that encourage more consistent and higher performance for cricketers.
This study assessed handedness distributions among (a) sporting competitors (n=1,112) and nonsporting university students (n=1,112), (b) sporting competitors engaging in interactive (n=576) and in noninteractive sport...
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This study assessed handedness distributions among (a) sporting competitors (n=1,112) and nonsporting university students (n=1,112), (b) sporting competitors engaging in interactive (n=576) and in noninteractive sports (n=576), and (c) sporting competitors engaging in direct interactive (n=219) and indirect interactive (n=357) sports. Chi-squared showed that there were statistically significant differences in proportions of left-handed persons in (a) sporting competitors and nonsporting university students, (b) sporting competitors engaging in interactive and noninteractive sports, (c) sporting competitors engaging in interactive sports and nonsporting university students, and (d) sporting competitors engaging in direct interactive and indirect interactive sports. It appears that left-handers are more common among those who engage in competitive manual activities. This superiority of the left-handers may be fully explained by a consideration of tactical or strategic factors associated with handedness during sporting interactions. The results with important implications for the measurement and evaluation of handedness are discussed in the light of the current findings on laterality.
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