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中国临床康复 2005年第33期9卷 136-138页

作者：屈云刘鸣四川大学华西医院康复中心四川省成都市610041 四川大学华西医院神经内科四川省成都市610041

目的:为临床顺利实施作业疗法,简述作业疗法临床治疗技术,并探讨其临床治疗策略。方法:列举常用临床作业疗法治疗技术,阐明了临床治疗过程中根据临床治疗策略在疾病的不同阶段如何选择作业治疗技术。结果:在临床治疗中,单一的作业治疗... 详细信息

目的:为临床顺利实施作业疗法,简述作业疗法临床治疗技术,并探讨其临床治疗策略。方法:列举常用临床作业疗法治疗技术,阐明了临床治疗过程中根据临床治疗策略在疾病的不同阶段如何选择作业治疗技术。结果:在临床治疗中,单一的作业治疗技术可能适用于不同的阶段。作业治疗的临床实施时,必须根据修复重建、补偿适应、残疾预防和健康促进的原则选择治疗技术。治疗技术总的目的是恢复或增进患者在日常生活活动、工作生产活动和娱乐休闲活动方面的能力。结论:揭示出作业疗法临床治疗策略与作业疗法技术同样重要。要正确的理解和运用作业治疗技术,必须充分认识到作业治疗临床治疗策略的重要性。掌握作业治疗策略可以指导临床作业治疗的顺利实施。

关键词：康复作业完成和分析治疗学疗法临床试用

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高中一年级心理辅导活动课作业的调查分析

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校园心理 2015年第3期13卷 174-177页

作者：李金福浙江省台州市玉环县楚门中学 317605

了解学生对心理辅导活动课课外作业的评价及完成心理作业过程中的心理变化。选择高中一年级146名学生。采用自行设计的问卷,由9道选择题和5道问答题组成。调查方法采用集中发放问卷并现场回收。结果显示:1心理作业可以促使自己重新认识... 详细信息

了解学生对心理辅导活动课课外作业的评价及完成心理作业过程中的心理变化。选择高中一年级146名学生。采用自行设计的问卷,由9道选择题和5道问答题组成。调查方法采用集中发放问卷并现场回收。结果显示:1心理作业可以促使自己重新认识世界、他人和自己;2心理作业让学生开始聚焦改变如何发生。建议:1作业形式要多样化。笔头作业少些,口头作业、测试类作业、实践操作性作业、互动性作业多些;2作业布置要注重学生的自主选择。课外作业少些,随堂作业多些;强制性要求少些,发挥学生的主体作用;常规性话题少些,个别化内容多些;作业布置频率少些,体现学生自愿上交原则。

关键词：学生课堂教学作业完成和分析

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中文版护士行为目标达成度评价量表的信效度研究

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中华护理杂志 2013年第12期48卷 1112-1115页

作者：闫丽娟康凤英亀岡智美李颖芬杨洋山西医科大学护理学院太原市030001 山西医科大学第一医院护理部日本国立看护大学校

目的编译护士行为目标达成度评价量表（NPGA）并检验其信效度，初步建立中文#＆NPGA量表．方法采用该量表对626Y；临床责任护士进行问卷调查，分析量表的信度和效度。结果各因子与总量表的Cronbaeh’S仅系数为O．702～0．955，重测信度... 详细信息

目的编译护士行为目标达成度评价量表（NPGA）并检验其信效度，初步建立中文#＆NPGA量表．方法采用该量表对626Y；临床责任护士进行问卷调查，分析量表的信度和效度。结果各因子与总量表的Cronbaeh’S仅系数为O．702～0．955，重测信度为0，886；内容效度为0．922。采用因子分析抽取7个公因子，累计贡献率为66．18％，各因子负荷数为0．408-43．849，结论中文版NPGA具有较好的信度和效度，可作为临床护士行为水平的测评工具应用于责任制整体护理服务质量的评价。

关键词：护士作业完成和分析

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河南省城市中学生静态活动相关行为现状分析

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中国学校卫生 2008年第5期29卷 412-414页

作者：何健杨汴生钟娅彭永平梁振山河南省疾病预防控制中心郑州450016

目的了解河南省城市中学生静态活动相关行为现状,为针对性地进行引导提供依据。方法采用分层整群抽样方法,抽取河南省4个省辖市60所中学的12683名学生,应用中国疾病预防控制中心制定的"中国青少年健康相关行为调查问卷"进行... 详细信息

目的了解河南省城市中学生静态活动相关行为现状,为针对性地进行引导提供依据。方法采用分层整群抽样方法,抽取河南省4个省辖市60所中学的12683名学生,应用中国疾病预防控制中心制定的"中国青少年健康相关行为调查问卷"进行调查。结果在调查前的7d里,中学生各项静态活动平均每天≥3h的报告率分别为看电视或录像16.7%、做课外作业29.3%、玩电子游戏7.9%、上网7.1%,1周内参加各种课外辅导班的时间≥5h的报告率为6.9%。参加课外辅导班的时间与中学生孤独感、失眠、抑郁等不良心理/情绪障碍的发生关系密切。结论城市中学生的课余活动主要以静态活动方式为主,且每天静态活动时间较长。应引起有关部门的关注,加以科学地引导和干预。

关键词：电视作业完成和分析因特网精神卫生学生

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MOTOR-SKILLS UNDER VARIED GRAVITOINERTIAL FORCE IN PARABOLIC FLIGHT

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ACTA ASTRONAUTICA 1991年第C期23卷 85-95页

作者： ROSS, HE DepartmentofPsychology UniversityofStirlingScotland.

Parabolic flight produces brief alternating periods of high and low gravitoinertial force. Subjects were tested on various paper-and-pencil aiming and tapping tasks during both normal and varied gravity in flight. It was found that changes in g level caused directional errors in the z body axis (the gravity axis), the arm aiming too high under 0g and too low under 2g. The standard deviation also increased for both vertical and lateral movements in the mid-frontal plane. Both variable and directional errors were greater under 0g than 2g. In an unpaced reciprocal tapping task subjects tended to increase their error rate rather than their movement time, but showed a non-significant trend towards slower speeds under 0g for all movement orientations. Larger variable errors or slower speeds were probably due to the difficulty of re-organising a motor skill in an unfamiliar force environment, combined with anchorage difficulties under 0g.

关键词：离心法超重力运动技能精神运动性行为宇宙飞行作业完成和分析失重成年人女(雌)性人类男(雄)性中年人

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Skill maintenance in extended spaceflight: A human factors analysis of space and analogue work environments

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ACTA ASTRONAUTICA 1996年第8期39卷 579-587页

作者： Sauer, J Wastell, DG Hockey, GRJ [a] Department of Psychology University of Hull Hull HU6 7RX UK [b] Department of Computer Science University of Manchester Manchester UK [c] Department of Psychology University of Hull Hull UK

This paper discusses the implications of increasing mission lengths of manned spaceflight for the design of future space systems from a human factors point of view. It is argued that the increase in mission duration has brought about a number of new problems, which have not been sufficiently addressed in space research. Therefore, a review of analogue work environments is carried out to make up for the paucity of space research found in the area of human performance in long-duration spaceflight. This resulted in an evaluation of seven analogue environments concerning their similarity to space with industrial process control and nuclear submarines coming out as the closest match on the technical dimension. Finally, some recommendations are given from the lessons learnt in spaceflight, simulation studies and appropriate analogue environments. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd.

关键词：航天医学宇航员/心理学决策生态系统封闭人体工程运动技能社会隔绝宇宙飞行宇宙模拟应激心理学潜水医学作业完成和分析失重工作负荷量人类

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SYNTHESIS OF ETHOLOGICAL STUDIES ON BEHAVIORAL ADAPTATION OF THE ASTRONAUT TO SPACE-FLIGHT CONDITIONS

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ACTA ASTRONAUTICA 1994年第2期32卷 131-142页

作者： TAFFORIN, C Laboratoire de Neuro&eacute thologie Centre de Recherche en Biologie du Comportement Universit&eacute Paul Sabatier 118 Route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse C&eacute dex France

The motor behaviour of the astronaut as revealed in his movement, posture and orientation is treated as observable evidence of the subject's adaptation to space flight conditions. In addition to the conservative physiological homeostasies, the quantitative description of the astronaut's motor activity in microgravity is postulated in terms of an innovative regulation, within a temporal dynamic. The proposed ethological method consists of first drawing up a specific behavioural repertoire and then of using video recordings of space missions to describe each of the behavioural units observed in the ongoing flux context in which it occurred. Finally the data is quantified into frequencies of occurrence, transition and association and completed with factorial correlation analysis. Comparison of ground training (g = 1) and space flight (g = 0) between the first and last day of a mission up to return to Earth gravity simulated by an anti-orthostatic decubitus experiment, reveals the nature of the adaptive strategies implemented. These strategies are evidence of changes in the behavioural repertoire including the search for predominantly visual environmental cues and the progression of motor skill during the flight. The pre-flight period is defined as a phase involving automizing of motor patterns and the post-flight period as rehabituation of strategies which have already been acquired. The phenomena observed are discussed in terms of the new spatial representation and the body image, constructed by the astronaut during his adaptation. They are considered to be optimizing for the subject's relation to his environment.

关键词：适应生理学适应心理学航天医学宇航员/教育宇航员/心理学卧床休息行为动物行走运动活动定向力体位宇宙飞行作业完成和分析录像失重动物人类

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The significance of lateral whole-body vibrations related to separately and simultaneously applied vertical motions.: A validation study of ISO 2631

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APPLIED ERGONOMICS 1999年第6期30卷 505-513页

作者： Griefahn, B Bröde, P Univ Dortmund Inst Occupat Physiol D-44139 Dortmund Germany

Sensitivity of lateral motions relative to vertical motions were determined and compared to predictions provided by ISO 2631. Two experiments were executed where lateral and vertical motions were applied consecutively or simultaneously and where the magnitude of a single- or dual-axis test signal was adjusted until it was judged as equivalent to a preceding single-axis reference motion of the same frequency. Experiment 1: References consisted of vertical sinusoidal motions presented with 1.6-12.5 Hz and weighted accelerations of a(zw) = 0.3, 0.6 and 1.2 m s(-2) r.m.s., single-axis test signals were lateral motions of the same frequency. 26 subjects (15 men, 11 women, 20-56 yr) participated in the experiments. Accelerations adjusted for lateral vibrations above 1.6 Hz were considerably lower than predicted suggesting that the weighting factors provided in ISO 2631 are incorrect. Experiment 2: References consisted of single-axis vertical or lateral sinusoidal motions presented with 1.6-12.5 Hz and a weighted acceleration of a(zw) = 1.25 m s(-2) r.m.s. The dual-axis test signals consisted of a constant fraction of the reference acceleration (10, 25, 50, 75, 90%) and a perpendicularly oriented adjustable component. 31 subjects (15 men, 16 women, 19-51 yr) participated in the experiments. Both experiments revealed that ISO 2631 is qualitatively valid, the weighting of lateral motions above 1.6 Hz, however, should be increased in order to meet the actual sensitivity particularly in case of multi-axis vibrations. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词：偏倚(流行病学) 傅里叶分析多元分析职业暴露/分析试点项目体位/生理学参考值可重复性结果敏感性与特异性作业完成和分析成年人女(雌)性人类男(雄)性中年人

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SPACE STATION FREEDOM CREW TRAINING

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ACTA ASTRONAUTICA 1990年第C期22卷 65-70页

作者： BOBKO, KJ GIBSON, EG MARONEY, SA MUCCIO, JD BoozAllen&Hamilton Inc.RestonVAUSA.

The nature of the Space Station Freedom Program presents an array of new and enhanced challenges which need to be addressed en route to developing an effective and affordable infrastructure for crew training. Such an infrastructure is essential for the safety and success of the program. The three major challenges that affect crew training are the long lifetime of the program (thirty years), the interdependence of successive increments, and the participation of the three International Partners (Canada, European Space Agency, and Japan) and a myriad of experimenters. This paper addresses these major challenges as they drive the development of a crew training capability and the actual conduct of crew training.

关键词：宇航员/教育计算机模拟教育技术在职培训宇宙飞行/教育宇宙飞行/组织和管理宇宙模拟宇宙飞船作业完成和分析教材失重工作负荷量人类

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The development and evaluation of an ergonomic glove

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APPLIED ERGONOMICS 1999年第6期30卷 555-563页

作者： Muralidhar, A Bishu, RR Hallbeck, MS Univ Nebraska Dept Ind & Management Syst Engn Lincoln NE 68588 USA

The primary intent of this study was to determine if a hand glove could be designed on a criterion of selective protection. Force distribution patterns on the palmar side of hand were obtained from various studies to develop zones of hand that needed protection. A new design for gloves was developed based on the principle of selective protection, where protective material is introduced in varying levels over different parts of the glove, in order to provide protection where it is most needed, and at the same time preserve the desirable dexterity and strength capabilities of the barehand, optimizing the trade-off between protection and performance. Two pairs of prototype gloves incorporating different levels of protection were fabricated and tested using a battery of performance tests and an algometer test for pressure sensitivity. The test battery comprising four dexterity tasks and a maximal voluntary grip strength task was used to assess a number of glove conditions, including the two prototype gloves developed. The results indicate that the performance of the prototype gloves are comparable, and that the performance times for the double glove and the two prototype gloves tested were not significantly different. For the grip strength, the two prototype gloves were better than the double glove. The assembly task performance for the prototype II (laminar glove) was significantly lower than that of the other glove types tested. It appears that gloves of variable thickness can be developed to afford adequate protection at zones of most need. Glove manufacturers are recommended to use an ergonomic approach in the design of gloves. Such an approach, besides protecting the safety objective of gloves, could enhance productivity considerably. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词：事故职业/预防和控制生物力学设备设计手套防护/标准手套防护/供应和分配手损伤/病因学手损伤/预防和控制握力/生理学多元分析职业卫生压力活动范围关节可重复性结果作业完成和分析触觉女(雌)性人类男(雄)性

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