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INDUCTION OF LABOR WITH ORAL PROSTAGLANDIN-e2

AMeRICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTeTRICS AND GYNeCOLOGY 1976年第3期125卷 333-338页

作者： GABeRT, HA BRINTON, J BROWN, B UNIV UTAH MED CTRDEPT OBSTET & GYNECOLSALT LAKE CITYUT 84132

Prostaglandin e (PGe2) was administered orally for induction of labor to 100 patients. Active labor and progression occurred in 92 per cent of these cases. The dosage regimen used was 0.5 to 1.5 mg. hourly. Amniotomy was performed in most cases once active labor and progression were noted. There were 83 vaginal deliveries and 12 cesarean sections. There were eight failure of induction, one patient left the study, and one was not delivered at that admission. Fetal distress occurred in 10 patients but this was related to cord and placental problems and not to PGe2 per se. Side effects were minimal, the most prominent being nausea and vomiting. Total labor in hours compares to normal labor. Over-all, labor in primigravidas averaged 10.15 hours and 6.5 hours in multiparas. There was a direct relationship of the Bishop score to the start of active labor and progression. PGe2 appears safe and efficacious for inductions of labor at term.

关键词：投药口服阿普加评分剖宫产术引产/副作用前列腺素e类/投药和剂量前列腺素e类/副作用前列腺素e类/药理学成年人女(雌)性人类婴儿新生妊娠

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MIDTRIMeSTeR ABORTION INDUCeD BY SeRIAL INTRAMUSCULAR INJeCTIONS OF 15(S)-15-MeTHYL-PROSTAGLANDIN e2 MeTHYL-eSTeR

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AMeRICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTeTRICS AND GYNeCOLOGY 1975年第7期123卷 665-670页

作者： LAUeRSeN, NH SeCHeR, NJ WILSON, KH CORNELL UNIV NEW YORK HOSPMED COLLDEPT OBSTET & GYNECOL1300 YORK AVENEW YORKNY 10021

Midtrimester abortion was successfully induced in 29 of 30 patients with serial intramuscular injections of 15(S)-15-methyl-prostaglandin e2 methyl ester (15-Me-PGe2). The mean abortion time was 9.52 hours; parous patients aborted somewhat faster (mean, 8.76 hours) than nulliparous patients (mean, 10.47 hours). eight patients were monitored throughout the abortion procedure and uterine activity was calculated and analyzed. Uterine response to a single injection of 5 μg 15-Me-PGe2 was characterized by the rapid appearance of low-amplitude, high-frequency contractions accompanied by a rise in intrauterine baseline tonus. Uterine activity rose to a mean of 500 Montevideo Units within 40 minutes of the initial intramuscular injection of 15-Me-PGe2. The most frequently encountered side effect of intramuscular injections of 15-Me-PGe2 was temperature elevation of 2° F. or higher, which occurred in 29 of 30 patients. Five patients complained of shaking and chills but only five patients had any gastrointestinal side effects. From this study it appeared that on a weight-for-weight basis 15-Me-PGe2 is at least 20 times more potent than 15-Me-PGe2α and 1,000 times more potent than the naturally occurring PGe2.

关键词：堕胎药/投药和剂量流产人工发热/化学诱导注射肌肉内产次妊娠初期妊娠中期前列腺素e类/投药和剂量前列腺素e类/副作用前列腺素e类/药理学前列腺素e类/治疗应用子宫收缩/药物作用呕吐/化学诱导青少年成年人女(雌)性人类妊娠

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PReOPeRATIVe CeRVICAL DILATATION BY ORAL PGe2

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CONTRACePTION 1976年第6期14卷 631-637页

作者： VANDeNBeRGH, AS SZABO, e SZONTAGH, Fe BLOEMENHOVE KLIN HEEMSTEDENETHERLANDS UNIV SZEGED SCH MEDDEPT OBSTET & GYNAECOLSZEGEDHUNGARY

In fifty healthy nulliparous women who underwent therapeutic abortion in the second trimester of pregnancy according to the method of Finks, cervical dilatation has been satisfactorily carried out with PGe 2 -tablets. The average dosage was 3mg. In 70% of the cases a “positive PG-effect” was observed which facilitated and therefore rendered safer, the subsequent mechanical procedure.

关键词：流产治疗性投药口服子宫颈/药物作用刮宫术妊娠中期手术前护理前列腺素e类/投药和剂量前列腺素e类/药理学青少年成年人女(雌)性人类妊娠

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MID-TRIMeSTeR ABORTION INDUCeD BY INTRAVAGINAL ADMINISTRATION OF PROSTAGLANDIN-e2 SUPPOSITORIeS

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AMeRICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTeTRICS AND GYNeCOLOGY 1975年第8期122卷 947-954页

作者： LAUeRSeN, NH SeCHeR, NJ WILSON, KH CORNELL UNIV NEW YORK HOSPMED CTRDEPT OBSTET & GYNECOL530 E 70TH STROOM M-033NEW YORKNY 10021

Mid-trimester abortion was successfully induced in 70 of 71 patients by administration of vaginal PGe2 suppositories. The one patient who failed to abort with this method was pregnant in the blind horn of a duplex uterus. The mean abortion time for the successful inductions was 11.88 hours. Multiparous patients aborted somewhat faster than nulliparous patients, but the difference was not significant. Among the 70 successful inductions 42 patients aborted in 12 hours or less and only one patient had an abortion time of more than 24 hours. The drug appeared effective throughout the stages of gestation included in this series—from 8 to 27 weeks. eight patients were monitored throughout the abortion procedure and uterine activity was calculated and analyzed. The development of uterine activity was gradual without the sudden rise in frequency of contractions and intrauterine baseline tonus that characterized prostaglandin administered by other methods. The most frequently encountered side effect of vaginal PGe2 suppositories was a temperature elevation, which returned to normal within a few hours of the last dose of the drug. Gastrointestinal disturbances—vomiting and diarrhea—were also common, despite a low initial dose of PGe2 and premedication with antiemetic and antidiarrheal agents. These side effects were in general well tolerated by the patients and never required termination of therapy. The cardiovascular effects of PGe2 in this series could be considered minimal. In a single patient surgical intervention was required to remove the placenta. In seven patients the placenta was removed by sponge forceps and in five patients the placenta was removed manually. There was an estimated blood loss exceeding 250 ml. in 10 patients, but transfusion was not required. Although white blood cell count rose significantly during the abortion period there were no significant changes in hematocrit or platelet count. Mid-trimester abortion with intravaginal administration of PGe2 s

关键词：流产人工腹泻/化学诱导腹泻/预防和控制孕龄产次妊娠初期妊娠中期妊娠多胎/药物作用术前用药法压力前列腺素e类/投药和剂量前列腺素e类/药理学前列腺素e类/治疗应用栓剂时间因素双生子宫/药物作用阴道呕吐/化学诱导呕吐/预防和控制青少年成年人女(雌)性人类妊娠

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ACTIVe PRe-TeRM MANAGeMeNT OF SeVeRe OSTeOGeNeSIS IMPeRFeCTA

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ACTA OBSTeTRICIA eT GYNeCOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA 1976年第1期55卷 81-83页

作者： SWINHOe, J CRAFT, I QUEEN CHARLOTTES MATERN HOSP INST OBSTET & GYNAECOL GOLDHAWK RD LONDON W6 ENGLAND

Some advantages of using an intraamniotic injection of urea combined with prostaglandins for mid-trimester termination include an extremely high success rate, a mean delivery time of approximately 10 h and delivery of a dead fetus. The successful application of this method for the active pre-term management of patients in whom severe fetal abnormality, such as this case of osteogensis imperfecta, suggests this technique of inducing abortion and labor deserves further consideration in those special circumstances where the obstetrician is anxious that the pregnancy should be interrupted despite the gestation length and where a live birth should not occur.

关键词：流产人工羊膜注射成骨不全/诊断显像妊娠末期前列腺素e类/投药和剂量放射摄影术尿素/投药和剂量成年人女(雌)性人类妊娠

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ReDUCTION OF CeRVICAL ReSISTANCe BY PROSTAGLANDIN SUPPOSITORIeS PRIOR TO DILATATION FOR INDUCeD-ABORTION

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AMeRICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTeTRICS AND GYNeCOLOGY 1975年第1期122卷 25-30页

作者： DINGFeLDeR, JR BReNNeR, We HeNDRICKS, CH STAUROVSKY, LG UNIV N CAROLINA SCH MEDDEPT OBSTET & GYNECOLCHAPEL HILLNC 27514

Several recent reports citing increased rates of prematurity among women who have had induced first-trimester abortion suggest that forceful cervical dilatation may result in cervical incompetence in future pregnancy. There appear to be conflicting clinical impressions regarding the effectiveness on cervical softening and the reduction of cervical resistance produced by various prostaglandins. The development of the electronic Force Monitor which is capable of precise measurement of the forces encoutered in overcoming resistance during dilatation provided objective evidence with which to evaluate the effects of vaginally administered prostaglandin e2 and F2α suppositories. Suppositories were administered 3 hours prior to cervical dilatation, after which suction curettage was performed. Compared to the nonmedicated control group, patients receiving PGF2α suppositories exhibited greatly reduced cervical resistance, in some cases permitting direct introduction of the suction curette without need for any preliminary dilatation. Those patients receiving PGe2 suppositories showed an intermediate degree of cervical softening.

关键词：流产人工/方法子宫颈/药物作用刮除术扩张术电子学医用孕龄监测生理学妊娠初期前列腺素/治疗应用前列腺素e类/投药和剂量前列腺素e类/副作用前列腺素e类/治疗应用前列腺素F类/投药和剂量前列腺素F类/副作用前列腺素F类/治疗应用栓剂青少年成年人女(雌)性人类妊娠

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CHANGeS IN LH-ReLeASING HORMONe CONTeNT OF HYPOTHALAMUS AND eLeCTRON-MICROSCOPY OF ANTeRIOR-PITUITARY AFTeR PROSTAGLANDIN-e2 INJeCTION IN RATS

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AMeRICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTeTRICS AND GYNeCOLOGY 1975年第5期122卷 637-641页

作者： SATO, T JYUJO, T KAWARAI, Y ASAI, T GUNMA UNIV INST ENDOCRINOLMAEBASHIJAPAN GUNMA UNIV SCH MEDDEPT OBSTET & GYNECOLMAEBASHI 371JAPAN

The purpose of this study is to present evidence that prostaglandin (PG) e2 stimulates a release of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) from the hypothalamus. In experiment 1, 72 hours after estrogen and progesterone treatment, a solution of 700 μg of PGe2 was injected into the jugular vein. Blood samples for plasma LH and the hypothalamus for LH-RH assay were collected before and 5, 10, and 30 minutes after PGe2 injection and subjected to radioimmunoassay. The total LH-RH content of the hypothalamus decreased from 20.4 to 15.3 ng. at 5 minutes after PGe2 and had returned to the pre-treatment level by 30 minutes after PGe2 administration. On the other hand, plasma LH levels increased at 5 minutes, reached a peak at 10 minutes, followed by a decline at 30 minutes after PGe2 injection. In experiment 2, 10 and 30 minutes after a single injection of PGe2 or synthetic LH-RH, the anterior pituitary were excised for an electron microscopic study. Ten minute after PGe2, an enlarged Golgi apparatus, well-developed rough endoplasmic reticulum, and decreased secretory granules were observed in pituitary gonadotropins as compared with the control group. These changes were more conspicuous in the pituitaries obtained 30 minutes after PGe2. In experiment 3, plasma LH levels were determined serially before and 10, 30, 60, and 90 minutes after a single injection of PGe2, LH-RH, or saline. There is a striking resemblance between the PGe2- and LH-RH—treated groups. Plasma LH levels in both these groups reached a peak at 10 minutes and started to decline 30 minutes after PGe2 or LH-RH administration. Our findings would indicate that PGe2 stimulates LH-RH secretion from the hypothalamus.

关键词：阉割细胞核/超微结构细胞质颗粒/超微结构内质网/超微结构雌二醇/药理学高尔基体/超微结构促性腺素释放激素/代谢下丘脑/代谢注射促黄体激素/血液显微镜检查电子垂体/超微结构垂体前叶/药物作用垂体前叶/超微结构孕酮/药理学前列腺素e类/投药和剂量前列腺素e类/药理学刺激化学性动物女(雌)性大鼠

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INCReASeD INTRAOCULAR-PReSSURe AFTeR 3RD VeNTRICLe INJeCTIONS OF PROSTAGLANDIN-e1 AND ARACHIDONIC-ACID

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AMeRICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 1976年第3期81卷 346-350页

作者： KRUPIN, T OeSTRICH, C PODOS, SM BeCKeR, B WASHINGTON UNIV SCH MEDDEPT OPHTHALMOL660 S EUCLID AVEST LOUISMO 63110 WASHINGTON UNIV OSCAR JOHNSON INSTST LOUISMO

Prostaglandin e1 administered into the third ventricle of rabbits produced increased intraocular pressure and body temperature. Similar responses were observed after third ventricle instillation of arachidonic acid, a precursor of prostaglandin e2. Increase of body temperature occurred with lower doses of prostaglandin e1 and arachidonic acid while the intraocular pressure response required larger amounts of these drugs. Pretreatment with aspirin rectal suppositories had no effect on the third ventricle responses induced by prostaglandin e1. Aspirin pretreatment before third ventricle instillation of arachidonic acid blocked the increases of intraocular pressure and temperature.

关键词：花生四烯酸类/投药和剂量花生四烯酸类/药理学阿司匹林/药理学脑室剂量效应关系药物注射眼内压/药物作用前列腺素e类/投药和剂量前列腺素e类/药理学动物男(雄)性兔

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ORAL PROSTAGLANDIN-e2 FOR INDUCTION OF LABOR AT TeRM .2. COMPARISON OF 2 LOW-DOSAGe ReGIMeNS

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AMeRICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTeTRICS AND GYNeCOLOGY 1975年第7期123卷 671-674页

作者： FRIeDMAN, eA SACHTLeBeN, MR GReeN, W HARVARD UNIV BETH ISRAEL HOSPMED SCHDEPT OBSTET & GYNECOL330 BROOKLINE AVEBOSTONMA 02215

Prostaglandin e2 was administered orally for induction of labor in 100 normal term gravidas with two dosage regimens. The data derived were compared with comparable data from gravidas matched with study patients according to prelabor cervical preparation and other relevant obstetric and actuarial features. Analysis of patterns of cervical dilatation and station vs. time was carried out. A dose of 0.5 mg. hourly was found to be effective in inducing labor of good quality with minimal side effects, providing a better balance between efficacy and adverse reactions than the higher dosage level.

关键词：投药口服接生产科/方法腹泻/化学诱导胎儿心脏/药物作用心率/药物作用引产前列腺素e类/投药和剂量前列腺素e类/副作用前列腺素e类/治疗应用子宫收缩/药物作用呕吐/化学诱导成年人女(雌)性人类妊娠

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CeNTRAL eFFeCTS OF PROSTAGLANDINS-e2, A1 AND F2-ALPHA IN ADULT FOWLS

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NeUROPHARMACOLOGY 1976年第12期15卷 737-741页

作者： NISTICO, G MARLeY, e INST PSYCHIAT LONDON SE5 8AF ENGLAND UNIV NAPLES FAC MED 2 INST PHARMACOL I-80134 NAPLES ITALY

Adult fowls (Gallus domesticus) with cannulae chronically implanted into the 3rd cerebral ventricle, the anterior or posterior hypothalamus and various other sites of the brain received infusions of prostaglandins (PG) e2, A1 or ***.. The effects of these drugs on behavior, posture, electrocortical activity and body temperature were studied. PGe2 and PGA1 infused into the 3rd cerebral ventricle and into the hypothalamus induced sedation and/or sleep and increased body temperature. Prostaglandin ***. lowered body temperature but did not affect behavior. Behavioral, electrocortical and body temperature changes were dose-dependent. PGe2 was more potent than PGA1. Infusion of PGe2, PGA1 and ***. into other cerebral areas, e.g., paleostriatum augmentatum, telencephalon and mesencephalon lacked effects on behavior, electrocortical activity and body temperature. The site through which behavioral, electrocortical and body temperature effects of prostaglandins e2 and A1 were mediated appeared to be the hypothalamus.

关键词：行为动物/药物作用体温/药物作用鸡纹状体剂量效应关系药物脑电描记术下丘脑注射注射脑室内中脑前列腺素/药理学前列腺素A类/投药和剂量前列腺素A类/药理学前列腺素e类/投药和剂量前列腺素e类/药理学前列腺素F类/投药和剂量前列腺素F类/药理学睡眠/药物作用端脑时间因素动物

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