检索结果-内蒙古大学图书馆

中华航空航天医学杂志 2007年第2期18卷 91-94页

作者：沈俊张慧朱伟汪家春孙鹏马晓艳陈林海军医学研究所解放军92635部队

目的探讨短、中、长期驻舰远航前后直升机飞行人员血浆前阿片黑素细胞皮质激素源性肽β-内啡肽(β-EP)、促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)及调节因子促肾上腺皮质素释放激素(CRH)含量变化的特点,为做好航空医学保障提供依据。方法对6名为期7 d(短... 详细信息

目的探讨短、中、长期驻舰远航前后直升机飞行人员血浆前阿片黑素细胞皮质激素源性肽β-内啡肽(β-EP)、促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)及调节因子促肾上腺皮质素释放激素(CRH)含量变化的特点,为做好航空医学保障提供依据。方法对6名为期7 d(短期)、11名为期21 d(中期)和6名为期132 d(长期)驻舰远航的直升机飞行人员,采用放射免疫法测定其远航前后血浆β-EP、ACTH 和 CRH 的含量。结果短期驻舰远航后血浆β-EP、ACTH 较远航前显著升高(t=2.839、3.104,P<0.05),血浆 CRH 无显著变化(t=0.612,P>0.05);中期远航后血浆β-EP、ACTH 和CRH 较远航前显著升高(t=3.416、2.496、1.951,P<0.01或 P<0.05);长期远航后血浆β-EP、ACTH 和 CRH 则显著性下降(t=2.988、2.427、2.129,P<0.05)。结论远航可导致直升机飞行人员血浆前阿片黑素细胞皮质激素源性肽β-EP、ACTH 及调节因子 CRH 含量发生变化,且航程对血浆β-EP、ACTH 和 CRH 的变化有不同的影响。

关键词：前阿片黑素细胞皮质激素 β内啡肽促肾上腺皮质激素促肾上腺皮质素释放激素海军医学

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

青年及老年大鼠下丘脑弓状核阿黑皮素原mRNA的表达

引用

第二军医大学学报 2001年第5期22卷 481-483页

作者：向正华孟璘蒋玲钱国桢第二军医大学基础医学部组织胚胎学教研室上海200433 上海理工大学电气工程学院上海200093

目的 :观察青年和老年期大鼠下丘脑弓状核阿黑皮素原 m RNA(POMC m RNA)的表达水平。方法 :应用原位杂交技术显示 POMC m RNA和用计算机图像分析观察杂交信号的强弱及阳性细胞的面积。结果 :与青年组相比 ,老年组下丘脑弓状核及其附... 详细信息

目的 :观察青年和老年期大鼠下丘脑弓状核阿黑皮素原 m RNA(POMC m RNA)的表达水平。方法 :应用原位杂交技术显示 POMC m RNA和用计算机图像分析观察杂交信号的强弱及阳性细胞的面积。结果 :与青年组相比 ,老年组下丘脑弓状核及其附近区域 POMC m RNA阳性神经元的平均灰度值下降 ;POMC m RNA阳性神经元的数目无明显变化。结论 :老年期 POMC m RNA阳性神经元相应的 m RNA表达水平下降可能是下丘脑 POMC基因衍生肽表达水平下降的原因之一。

关键词：前阿片黑素细胞皮质激素原位杂交计算机辅助图像处理下丘脑弓状核大鼠 mRNA

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

褪黑素对大鼠下丘脑弓状核前阿黑皮素mRNA表达的影响(英文)

引用

Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2000年第5期21卷 39-42页

作者：俞昌喜吴根诚许绍芬陈崇宏上海医科大学神经生物学教研室医学神经生物学国家重点实验室福州 350004 中国福建医科大学药理学教研室上海 200032 中国

目的:观察外源性给予褪黑素对大鼠下丘脑弓状核内神经细胞的前阿黑皮素(POMC) mRNA表达水平的影响。方法:实验大鼠分给药组及对照组,给药组大鼠间隔12 h腹腔注射褪黑素2次(9∶00 am,9∶00pm),每次剂量90mg·kg-1,对照组大鼠注射配... 详细信息

目的:观察外源性给予褪黑素对大鼠下丘脑弓状核内神经细胞的前阿黑皮素(POMC) mRNA表达水平的影响。方法:实验大鼠分给药组及对照组,给药组大鼠间隔12 h腹腔注射褪黑素2次(9∶00 am,9∶00pm),每次剂量90mg·kg-1,对照组大鼠注射配药液。最后一次注射后12 h,灌注取脑、冰冻切片,进行原位杂交实验,计算机图像处理技术测定染色脑片积分光密度(IOD)值、平均光密度(OD)值。结果:给药组大鼠下丘脑弓状核内POMC mRNA表达明显增强;其IOD和OD值均显著增加。结论:褪黑素可加强大鼠弓状核内POMC mRNA的表达。

关键词：褪黑激素前阿片黑素细胞皮质激素信使RNA 弓状核原位杂交计算机辅助图像处理镇痛

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Synaptic regulation of proopiomelanocortin neurons can occur distal to the arcuate nucleus

引用

JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY 2007年第5期97卷 3298-3304页

作者： Hentges, Shane T. Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ Vollum Inst Portland OR 97239 USA

Energy homeostasis is controlled to a large extent by various signals that are integrated in the hypothalamus. It is generally considered that neurons in each of the hypothalamic nuclei are regulated by afferent projections that terminate within the cell body region of the nucleus. However, here it is shown that hypothalamic proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons receive synaptic inputs onto distal dendrites that reside outside of the cell body region in the arcuate nucleus. Previous studies using whole cell recordings from identified neurons in brain slices have shown that cannabinoids reduce GABA release from inhibitory synapses onto the POMC cells. Here it was found that endocannabinoids inhibited GABAergic inhibitory postsynaptic currents in POMC neurons only in intact sagittal brain slices, but not coronal, horizontal, or sagittal slices that were truncated rostrally at the level of the optic chiasm. Thus endocannabinoids inhibited pre-synaptic GABA release only at an anatomically distinct subset of POMC-neuron dendrites that extends rostrally beyond the arcuate nucleus into preoptic hypothalamic regions. There are two key results. First, the activity of POMC neurons can be regulated by afferent input at sites much farther from the soma than previously recognized. Second, endocannabinoids can act to inhibit inputs only at selective dendrites. POMC neurons play a critical role in the maintenance of body weight. Therefore these data suggest that energy balance may be regulated, in part, by modulation of POMC neuron activity at sites outside of the arcuate nucleus.

关键词： Arcuate Nucleus Functional Laterality Neurons Pro-Opiomelanocortin Synapses 弓状核神经元前阿片黑素细胞皮质激素突触 brain slice Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus Functional Laterality Hypothalamus Body Regions Synapses Endocannabinoids Inhibitory Postsynaptic Currents Neurons

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Differential gene expression in ACTH-secreting and non-functioning pituitary tumors

引用

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY 2007年第6期157卷 717-724页

作者： Tateno, Torn Izumiyama, Hajime Doi, Masaru Yoshimoto, Takanobu Shichiri, Masayoshi Inoshita, Naoko Oyama, Kenichi Yamada, Shozo Hirata, Yukio Tokyo Med & Dent Univ Grad Sch Dept Clin & Mol Endocrinol Bunkyo Ku Tokyo Japan Toranomon Gen Hosp Dept Pathol Tokyo Japan Toranomon Gen Hosp Dept Hypothalam & Pituitary Surg Tokyo Japan

Objective: Differential expression of several genes between ACTH-secreting pituitary tumors causing Cushing' disease (CD), silent corticotroph adenoma (SCA), and non-functioning pituitary tumors (NFT) was investigated. Design and methods: We used tissue specimens from 35 pituitary tumors (12 CD, 8 SCA, and 15 NFT). Steady-state mRNA levels of the genes related to proopiomelanocortin (POMC) transcription, synthesis, processing, and secretion, such as neurogenic differentiation 1 (NeuroD1), T-box 19 (Tpit), corticotropin releasing hormone receptor (CRHR), vasopressin receptor 1b (V1bR), prohormone convertase (PC) 1/3 and PC2, 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11 beta-HSD) type 1 and type 2, glucocorticoid receptor alpha (GR alpha), annexin A1, histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2), and BRM/SW12-related gene 1, were determined by real-time RT-PCR. Results and conclusion: POW and Tpit mRNA levels were greater in CD and SCA than those in NFT. NeuroD1 mRNA levels were less in CD than those in NFT, but almost comparable between SCA and NFT. PC1/3 mRNA levels were greater in CD, but less in SCA than those in NFT. PC2 mRNA levels in CD and SCA were less than those in NFT. CRHR, V1bR, and 11 beta-HSD2 mRNA levels in CD were greater than those in SCA and NFT. HDAC2 mRNA levels in CD and SCA were lower than those in NFT. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that the genes related to transcription, synthesis, processing, and secretion of POMC are differentially regulated in ACTH-secreting pituitary tumors causing CD and SCA compared with those in NFT. This may partly explain the development of clinically active and inactive CD.

关键词： 11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases ACTH-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma 基因表达调控肿瘤同源域蛋白质类垂体肿瘤前阿片黑素细胞皮质激素 RNA 信使 Neurofibrillary Tangles NOD2 gene ACTH-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma RNA CTLA4 gene ACTH Producing Pituitary Gland Carcinoma Pituitary Neoplasms Tissue-Specific Gene Expression

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Characterization of a ultraviolet B-induced corticotropin-releasing hormone-proopiomelanocortin system in human melanocytes

引用

MOLECULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY 2006年第10期20卷 2539-2547页

作者： Zbytek, Blazej Wortsman, Jacobo Slominski, Andrzej Univ Tennessee Ctr Hlth Sci Dept Pathol & Lab Med Memphis TN 38163 USA So Illinois Univ Dept Med Springfield IL 62794 USA

CRH, the main regulator of the systemic response to stress, is also expressed in the skin where it is incorporated into a local homolog of the hypotha-lamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. To investigate the mechanisms of the induction of the CRH-proopiomelanocortin (POMC) response in human melano-cytes, we used UVB as an epidermal-specific stressor. Human normal melanocytes cultured in vitro were irradiated with graded doses of UVB, and the CRH-POMC responses were measured in cell extracts and/or supernatants. UVB stimulated the CRH promoter, the CRH mRNA expression, and peptide release. The UVB-induced stimulation of the CRH promoter was suppressed by pharmacological inhibitors of protein kinase A or by plasmid overexpressing a dominant mutant cAMP response element (CRE)-binding protein (CREB). UVB also stimulated phosphorylation of CREB, binding of phosphorylated CREB to CRE sites in the CRH promoter, and activity of the reporter gene construct driven by consensus CRE sites. Mutation in the CRE site in the CRH promoter rendered the corresponding reporter gene construct less responsive to UVB in both normal and malignant melanocytes. In addition to CRH effects, UVB activated the POMC promoter, POMC mRNA expression, and ACTH release, whereas an antagonist of the CRH receptor 1 abrogated the UVB-stimulated induction of POMC. In conclusion, UVB induces CRH production in human melanocytes through stimulation of the protein kinase A pathway, with sequential involvement of CRH-CRH receptor 1 in the stimulation of POMC expression.

关键词： Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Pro-Opiomelanocortin Human DNA-Binding Protein Cyclic AMP-Responsive 促肾上腺皮质素释放激素前阿片黑素细胞皮质激素 DNA结合蛋白质环AMP反应性 DNA-Binding Proteins Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptors Melanocytes Protein Kinase A CUMULATIVE RADIATION EFFECTS

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Lessons from Extreme Human Obesity: Monogenic Disorders

引用

ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA 2008年第3期37卷 733-+页

作者： Ranadive, Sayali A. Vaisse, Christian Univ Calif San Francisco Dept Med San Francisco CA 94143 USA Univ Calif San Francisco Ctr Diabet San Francisco CA 94143 USA Univ Calif San Francisco Dept Pediat Div Endocrinol San Francisco CA 94143 USA

Human obesity has a strong genetic component. Most genes that influence an individual's predisposition to gain weight are not yet known. However, the study of extreme human obesity caused by single gene defects has provided a glimpse into the long-term regulation of body weight. These monogenic obesity disorders have confirmed that the hypothalamic leptin-melanocortin system is critical for energy balance in humans, because disruption of these pathways causes the most severe obesity phenotypes. Approximately 20 different genes and at least three different mechanisms have been implicated in monogenic causes of obesity;however, they account for fewer than 5% of all severe obesity cases. This finding suggests that the genetic basis for human obesity is likely to be extremely heterogeneous, with contributions from numerous genes acting by various, yet undiscovered, molecular mechanisms.

关键词： Bardet-Biedl Syndrome Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor 脑源性神经营养因子突变肥胖症前阿片黑素细胞皮质激素阻遏蛋白质类 morbid obesity Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Overweight energy balance Single-Gene Defects Obesity Bardet Biedl Syndrome Teaching

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Adipokinin, a proopiomelanocortin-derived lipid-mobilizing anterior pituitary hormone

引用

MEDICAL HYPOTHESES 2002年第5期59卷 495-497页

作者： Wells, LC Creighton Univ Sch Med Omaha NE 68178 USA

Hormonal control of lipid metabolism during prolonged fasting is unclear. The involvement of the classical, lipid-mobilizing hormone from the anterior pituitary, i.e., beta-lipotropin (beta-LPH), is suspect. It and adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) are formed concurrently in the pituitary during the processing of the prohormone, proopiomelanocortin (POMC), and are secreted together. During prolonged fasting the control of metabolism requires minimal participation by ACTH and maximal lipid-mobilizing activity which is inconsistent with the present concept of ACTH and beta-LPH secretion. Hypothetically, the needed control can be satisfied by the alteration of the accepted processing of POMC so as to form beta-LPH and a new lipid-mobilizing hormone which also has modest ACTH-like activity. It is proposed that this hormone be named 'adipokinin'. An analog of this proposed hormone appears to have been isolated previously from porcine pituitaries. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Pro-Opiomelanocortin Lipids Adrenocorticotropic hormone measurement Hormones 前阿片黑素细胞皮质激素脂类激素类 beta-Lipotropin Anterior Pituitary Gland Lipid Metabolism Hormones Adrenocorticotropic Hormone hormone assay Pituitary hormones

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

PDK1 deficiency in POMC-Expressing cells reveals FOXO1-dependent and -independent pathways in control of energy homeostasis and stress response

引用

CELL METABOLISM 2008年第4期7卷 291-301页

作者： Belgardt, Bengt F. Husch, Andreas Rother, Eva Ernst, Marianne B. Wunderlich, F. Thomas Hampel, Brigitte Kloeckener, Tim Alessi, Dario Kloppenburg, Peter Bruening, Jens C. Univ Cologne CMMC Dept Mouse Genet & Metab Inst Genet D-50674 Cologne Germany Univ Cologne Cologne Excellence Cluster Cellular Stress Respon D-50674 Cologne Germany Univ Cologne CMMC Dept Anim Physiol Inst Zool 2 D-50923 Cologne Germany Univ Cologne CECAD D-50923 Cologne Germany Univ Dundee Sch Life Sci MRC Prot Phosphorylat Unit Dundee DD1 5EH Scotland

Insulin- and leptin-stimulated phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) activation has been demonstrated to play a critical role in central control of energy homeostasis. To delineate the importance of pathways downstream of PI3K specifically in pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) cell regulation, we have generated mice with selective inactivation of 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 (PDK1) in POMC-expressing cells (PDK1(Delta POMC) mice). PDK1(Delta POMC) mice initially display hyperphagia, increased body weight, and impaired glucose metabolism caused by reduced hypothalamic POMC expression. On the other hand, PDK1(Delta POMC) mice exhibit progressive, severe hypocortisolism caused by loss of POW-expressing corti-cotrophs in the pituitary. Expression of a dominant-negative mutant of FOXO1 specifically in POW cells is sufficient to ameliorate positive energy balance in PDK1(Delta POMC) mice but cannot restore regular pituitary function. These results reveal important but differential roles for PDK1 signaling in hypothalamic and pituitary POMC cells in the control of energy homeostasis and stress response.

关键词： Pro-Opiomelanocortin Laboratory mice Energy Physics control Homeostasis 前阿片黑素细胞皮质激素体内稳态 energy balance Hypothalamus stress response Control centres Homeostasis experimental mouse Pro-Opiomelanocortin Power control Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases Glucose metabolism

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Proopiomelanocortin products and human early-onset obesity

引用

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM 1999年第2期84卷 819-820页

作者： Jackson, RS O'Rahilly, S Brain, C Nussey, SS Addenbrookes Hosp Dept Clin Biochem Cambridge CB2 2QQ England St George Hosp Sch Med London SW17 0RE England

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：