Fischer is Regent and former Vice President of the American College of Surgeons as well as past President of the Ohio Chapter.Medical organizations are usually developed to fulfill some or all of the following objecti...
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Fischer is Regent and former Vice President of the American College of Surgeons as well as past President of the Ohio Chapter.
Medical organizations are usually developed to fulfill some or all of the following objectives, their particular emphasis depending on the individual organization: (1) Professional recognition and prestige as embodied in limited membership organizations, such as The American Surgical Association, The Society of University Surgeons, The Institute of Medicine, and most of the regional Societies.
Representatives to the American Boards are nominated by organizations, such as the American colleges and regional societies.
[...]involvement of an individual in a variety of societies is common, but implementation of the role is specific to the organization.
I write to comment on your editorial entitled The declining interest in surgical careers, the primary care mirage, and concerns about contemporary undergraduate surgical education.”1 Recently, there has been a pervas...
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I write to comment on your editorial entitled The declining interest in surgical careers, the primary care mirage, and concerns about contemporary undergraduate surgical education.”1 Recently, there has been a pervasive influence reaching out to our undergraduate medical students that implies there is something inherently more virtuous, right, and naturally appropriate in directing students to primary care” residencies and practices than to those of surgical (and other) specialties. In one institution with which I am familiar, it has been stated that the students should specifically avoid surgical specialties, since these are inappropriate for third- and fourth-year medical students in our current educational milieu.
The mission of the Wellcome Trust is 'to promote and foster research with the aim of improving human and animal health'. In this paper the Director of the Wellcome Trust describes the organisation's histor...
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The mission of the Wellcome Trust is 'to promote and foster research with the aim of improving human and animal health'. In this paper the Director of the Wellcome Trust describes the organisation's history, its current position in the UK and international arenas, and the strategies the Trust will pursue in meeting its mission. This includes an explanation of the role of the Trust in enhancing the UK science base by focusing on support of knowledge creation, scientific careers, infrastructure and the translation of research from the laboratory to the clinic, and in promoting the public's appreciation of and confidence in science.
Background: Despite quantifiable evidence that aortocoronary graft marker (ACGM) insertion is associated with a beneficial impact at postoperative angiography, the choice whether or not to insert them at the time of b...
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Background: Despite quantifiable evidence that aortocoronary graft marker (ACGM) insertion is associated with a beneficial impact at postoperative angiography, the choice whether or not to insert them at the time of bypass surgery remains optional. Methods: A onetime anonymous membership survey of the Society of Thoracic Surgeons was used to determine the prevalence of ACGM use and obtain demographic data regarding (1) the type of ACGM inserted, (2) reasons influencing the decision as to whether or not to use ACGMs, and (3) the occurrence of possible related complications. Results: Thirty-nine percent (1,405 of 3,558) and 37% (198 of 531) were returned from within and outside the Unites States, respectively. Sixty percent of US respondents routinely insert ACGMs in the majority of their individual cases. The most frequent reason to not insert ACGMs was a "lack of perceived benefit." Conclusions: The majority of respondents practicing within the United States routinely insert ACGMs at the time of surgery. As no complication directly attributable to the use of graft markers has been reported, further study is warranted to determine the actual complication rate, although it is expected to be low.
In both the United States and Canada, the environment in which physicians practice is becoming increasingly constrained. The understanding of how physicians respond to economic incentives is still relatively crude. In...
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In both the United States and Canada, the environment in which physicians practice is becoming increasingly constrained. The understanding of how physicians respond to economic incentives is still relatively crude. In this article, the authors use physician-specific data for physicians in four specialties in the province of Ontario, Canada, to examine utilization trends during the 1983-1990 period and relate these utilization changes to physician, practice, and market-area characteristics. The analysis of trends in utilization reveals marked variation across specialties in the degree of change, its distribution among physicians within each specialty, and the way in which utilization growth was achieved. The physician, practice, and market-area characteristics explained a substantial amount of variation in the levels of utilization across physicians and over time;they were less able to explain year-to-year changes in utilization.
Managed care, with its emphasis on cost effectiveness, case review, and treatment guidelines, has become a major influence on the delivery of mental health care and on the field of psychiatry. Given the importance of ...
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Managed care, with its emphasis on cost effectiveness, case review, and treatment guidelines, has become a major influence on the delivery of mental health care and on the field of psychiatry. Given the importance of academic psychiatry in producing future psychiatrists and shaping their attitudes toward managed care, two separate surveys of chairs of 125 medical school departments of psychiatry were conducted. The surveys, completed in 1989-90 and 1991-92, indicate a trend toward accepting the usefulness and importance of managed care.
Recent changes have made Regional Deans fund-holders for postgraduate medical education. Allocations from the Dean's budget often fund NHS library infrastructure and associated costs arising from the information a...
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Recent changes have made Regional Deans fund-holders for postgraduate medical education. Allocations from the Dean's budget often fund NHS library infrastructure and associated costs arising from the information and study needs of junior medical staff. To provide adequate levels of stock and services for all library users requires funding from all appropriate sources. This paper describes a survey carried out in North East Thames to facilitate appropriate funding by and for user groups other than junior doctors. The wide variation in results is discussed. The survey is not seen as definitive, but as part of the beginning of the evolutionary process of allocating funds for libraries serving postgraduate medical education and other users. Further research is suggested, particularly in other Regions, to provide comparative data.
Most studies on physician distribution have examined static relationships involving the influence of such factors as socio-economic status. This study employs a causal model to study change in physician ratios (genera...
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Most studies on physician distribution have examined static relationships involving the influence of such factors as socio-economic status. This study employs a causal model to study change in physician ratios (general practitioners and family physicians, and specialists) between 1971 and 1981 as a function of change in hospital bed ratios, population size, age distribution, educational attainment of the population, population "native", owner-occupied dwellings, and geographic proximity to the nearest metropolitan area, using physician data for 189 Canadian census divisions. The results, derived from LISREL VI analyses, indicate that specialists experienced increases in their supply in higher socio-economic status areas and in those areas losing general practitioners and family physicians (from 1971 to 1981). General practitioners and family physicians appear to have moved into areas with a relatively low percentage of owner-occupied dwellings and areas where a large percentage of the population is "native". Both groups of physicians appear to have increased in areas where there were increases in hospital facilities over the decade. The study confirms the known association between the two physician groups;that is, general practitioners and family physicians increased in areas gaining specialists and specialists increased in areas where considerable decreases in general practitioners and family physicians were occurring. Findings are discussed in terms of implications for physician manpower planning.
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