Recent terrorist events, changes in Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations requirements, and availability of grant funding have focused health care facility attention on emergency preparedness. ...
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Recent terrorist events, changes in Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations requirements, and availability of grant funding have focused health care facility attention on emergency preparedness. Health care facilities have historically been underprepared for contaminated patients presenting to their facilities. These incidents must be properly managed to reduce the health risks to the victims, providers, and facility. A properly equipped and well-trained health care facility team is a prerequisite for rapid and effective decontamination response. This article reviews Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) training requirements for personnel involved with decontamination responses, as well as issues of team selection and training. Sample OSHA operations-level training curricula tailored to the health care environment are outlined. Initial and ongoing didactic and practical training can be implemented by the health care facility to ensure effective response when contaminated patients arrive seeking emergency medical care.
Objective: To determine whether measurement of access to existing child health clinics, and modelled location of new clinics, was affected by the spatial definitions of the target population. Method: Populations requi...
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Objective: To determine whether measurement of access to existing child health clinics, and modelled location of new clinics, was affected by the spatial definitions of the target population. Method: Populations requiring childhood screening services were defined as located at individual households, and at geographic and population-weighted centroids of small and large areas. Straight-line and network distances were measured and compared from these origins to varying numbers of existing clinics. The same origins were used to model sets of locations for new clinics, and access levels were again compared. Results: Travel distances for 82,499 annual baby-visits to 140 existing clinics were between 136,000 km and 84,000 km, depending on origin definition. An analysis based on small area centroid data was as accurate as one based on household data. Planning solutions for new clinics located on the basis of few large areas, with populations centred at spatially defined centroids, resulted in poorer access for the population (231,000 km of travel) than one based on many small areas with populations centred at population weighted centroids (194,000 km of travel). Implications: Public access to health facilities will be improved if decisions about their locations are aided by the application of spatial analysis techniques based on small area definitions.
作者：
DEWINTER, ERDANIDA
HLTH CARE PROJECT1090 POONAMALLEE HIGH RDMADRAS 600084INDIA
Availability of health facilities is commonly expressed in terms of the number of persons dependent on one unit. Whether that unit is actually accessible to those persons depends, however, on the population density. S...
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Availability of health facilities is commonly expressed in terms of the number of persons dependent on one unit. Whether that unit is actually accessible to those persons depends, however, on the population density. Some examples illustrate the precise relationship. A measure of accessibility is obtained by expressing the availability of facilities as 'one unit within x km distance' (for the average - or, preferably, the median - person). This measure is therefore to be preferred.
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