Background Suicide rates in young males in the UK have risen markedly in recent years. Aims To investigate the characteristics of a series of consecutive suicides in under-25-year-olds. Method We studied coroners'...
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Background Suicide rates in young males in the UK have risen markedly in recent years. Aims To investigate the characteristics of a series of consecutive suicides in under-25-year-olds. Method We studied coroners' inquest notes, general practitioners' records and psychiatric case notes of 174 individuals (148 males and 26 females) whose deaths received a verdict of suicide or an open or accidental verdict (excluding traffic accidents) where the circumstances strongly suggested suicide. Results More individuals were of lower social class and unemployed than in the local population. Hanging and carbon monoxide poisoning were the most frequent methods of suicide, and co-proxamol was the drug most often used in overdoses. Previous self-harm had occurred in 44.8%, nearly half of these having carried out multiple episodes and 80% having self-harmed within the previous year. Little support was found for an earlier finding of increasing frequency of general practitioner visits shortly before death. Only 22.4% of individuals were in the care of psychiatric services. Conclusions Diverse strategies are required to prevent suicide in the very young. Declaration of interest Support received from the former Oxford Regional Health Authority and the Anglia and Oxford Research and Development Committee.
Background The influence of the macro-economic climate on suicide is unclear. During the recent recession, rates have increased in young males but declined in females. Aims To investigate associations between unemploy...
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Background The influence of the macro-economic climate on suicide is unclear. During the recent recession, rates have increased in young males but declined in females. Aims To investigate associations between unemployment and suicide in 15- to 44-year-old men and women over a period spanning two major economic recessions (1921-1995). To minimise confounding by changes in method availability, analyses are restricted to suicides using methods other than poisons and gases. Method Time-series analysis using routine mortality and unemployment data. Results There were significant associations between unemployment and suicide in both males and females. Associations were generally stronger at younger ages. Conclusions Secular trends in youth suicide may be influenced by unemployment or other factors associated with changes in the macroeconomic climate. These factors appear to affect women to the same extent as men. Although it is not possible to draw firm aetiological conclusions from time-trend data, our findings are in keeping with those of person-based studies. Declaration of interest None.
Microenterprise programs aim to foster self-employment among the poor;those on welfare, and the unemployed. The only experimental test of their impact is rite Unemployment Insurance Self-Employment Demonstration (UISE...
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Microenterprise programs aim to foster self-employment among the poor;those on welfare, and the unemployed. The only experimental test of their impact is rite Unemployment Insurance Self-Employment Demonstration (UISED). UISED did shorten unemployment spells, but most other impacts were small and rile most disadvantaged did not choose to participate. Although UISED provides some weak evidence that long-term income support long-term work-search waivers, and on-call advice may increase total employment (but perhaps not self-employment) more than capital infusions and up-front classes, UISED does not reveal the best design for microenterprise programs or whether such programs are good social investments.
While conducting pre-employment training groups at methadone clinics for a research study, Widman et al observed that many participants seemed ill beyond the effects of substance use or withdrawal. They assessed the p...
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While conducting pre-employment training groups at methadone clinics for a research study, Widman et al observed that many participants seemed ill beyond the effects of substance use or withdrawal. They assessed the physical health of employed and unemployed patients at two clinics in Philadelphia.
In a sample of 18 industrialized nations, measures of national character did not improve the power of socioeconomic variables in predicting unemployment rates.
In a sample of 18 industrialized nations, measures of national character did not improve the power of socioeconomic variables in predicting unemployment rates.
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