Autism may be a disorder linked to the disruption of the G-alpha protein, affecting retinoid receptors in the brain. A study of 60 autistic children suggests that autism may be caused by inserting a G-alpha protein de...
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Autism may be a disorder linked to the disruption of the G-alpha protein, affecting retinoid receptors in the brain. A study of 60 autistic children suggests that autism may be caused by inserting a G-alpha protein defect, the pertussis toxin found in the DPT vaccine, into genetically at-risk children. This toxin separates the G-alpha protein from retinoid receptors. Those most at risk report a family history of at least one parent with a pre-existing G-alpha protein defect, including night blindness, pseudohypoparathyroidism or adenoma of the thyroid or pituitary gland. Natural vitamin A may reconnect the retinoid receptors critical for vision, sensory perception, language processing and attention. Autism spectrum disorders have increased from 1 in 10 000 in 1978 to 1 in 300 in some US communities in 1999. Recent evidence indicates that autism is a disorder of the nervous system and the immune system, affecting multiple metabolic pathways. (C) 2000 Harcourt Publishers Ltd.
This article reviews the background and rationale for the choice of the atypical antipsychotic agent risperidone as the first drug to be studied by the RUPP Autism Network. Risperidone has potent effects on serotonin ...
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This article reviews the background and rationale for the choice of the atypical antipsychotic agent risperidone as the first drug to be studied by the RUPP Autism Network. Risperidone has potent effects on serotonin and dopamine neuronal systems, which have been implicated in the pathophysiology of autism. Unlike typical antipsychotics, such as haloperidol and pimozide, which have been shown to be effective for reducing many of the maladaptive behaviors associated with autism, the unique ratio of serotonin to dopamine receptor blockade for risperidone seems to produce a lower risk of acute and chronic extrapyramidial side effects and enhanced efficacy for the negative symptoms of autism. Indirect clinical and preclinical evidence supporting the use of risperidone to treat impaired social behavior, interfering repetitive phenomena and aggressions as targets of pharmacotherapy for patients with autism are reviewed. The safety and tolerability of risperidone also are summarized.
Research into the pharmacotherapy of autistic disorder has steadily increased over the past two decades. Several psychoactive medications have shown efficacy for selected symptoms of autistic disorder and can be used ...
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Research into the pharmacotherapy of autistic disorder has steadily increased over the past two decades. Several psychoactive medications have shown efficacy for selected symptoms of autistic disorder and can be used to augment critical educational and behavioral interventions that are the mainstays of treatment. A comprehensive review of medication trials conducted In individuals with autistic disorder and other pervasive developmental disorders is presented. The typical antipsychotic haloperidol is the best-studied medication in autistic disorder but is associated with a high rate of dyskinesias. investigations to date suggest that the atypical antipsychotics such as risperidone have efficacy for certain symptoms of autistic disorder and may be better tolerated than typical antipsychotics. Preliminary results from trials with serotonin-reuptake inhibitors are favorable, although efficacy has not been demonstrated in younger age groups. Recent controlled studies of naltrexone suggest that the drug has minimal efficacy. In two small controlled Investigations, clonidine was more effective than placebo for a variety of symptoms, including hyperactivity and irritability;in one of these studies, however, the majority of patients relapsed within several months. Psychostimulants reduced hyperactivity and irritability in one small double-blind crossover study in children with autistic disorder, although these agents are frequently reported to exacerbate irritability, insomnia, and aggression in clinical populations. Recent controlled trials of secretin have not shown efficacy compared to placebo. Several other medications, including buspirone, mood stabilizers, and beta-blockers, have produced symptom reduction in some open-label studies and may warrant controlled investigation.
作者：
Kurita, HUniv Tokyo
Fac Med Dept Mental Hlth Bunkyo Ku Tokyo 1130033 Japan
Studies the delusional disorder in a male adolescent with high-functioning pervasive developmental disorder (PDD). Psychotic symptoms in patients with PDD; Overview on the case of a male patient with PDD; Obsessive sy...
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Studies the delusional disorder in a male adolescent with high-functioning pervasive developmental disorder (PDD). Psychotic symptoms in patients with PDD; Overview on the case of a male patient with PDD; Obsessive symptoms in highly-functioning PDD patients.
Focuses on pharmacotherapy for children and adolescents with pervasive developmental disorders (PDD), a group of conditions characterized by impaired socialization and communication. Symptoms of PDD; Medications for t...
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Focuses on pharmacotherapy for children and adolescents with pervasive developmental disorders (PDD), a group of conditions characterized by impaired socialization and communication. Symptoms of PDD; Medications for treatment of PDD; Side effects of medical treatments to PDD.
We report a child who developed autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS) secondary to a heterozygous dominant negative mutation in the death domain of the Fas receptor. Previously developmentally normal, he had ...
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We report a child who developed autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS) secondary to a heterozygous dominant negative mutation in the death domain of the Fas receptor. Previously developmentally normal, he had symptoms of autism with rapid regression in developmental milestones coincident with the onset of lymphoproliferation and autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Low-dose steroid therapy induced early and complete remission in the ALPS phenotype. There was subjective improvement, followed by objective improvement in speech and developmental milestones. We propose that autism may be part of the autoimmune disease spectrum of ALPS in this child, and this case represents a novel manifestation and target organ involvement in this disease.
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