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How do urology residents manage personal finances?

UROLOGY 2001年第5期57卷 866-871页

作者： Teichman, JMH Bernheim, BD Espinosa, EA Cecconi, PP Meyer, J Pearle, MS Preminger, GM Leveillee, RJ Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Div Urol San Antonio TX 78229 USA Univ Texas SW Med Ctr Div Urol Dallas TX USA Duke Univ Med Ctr Div Urol Durham NC USA Univ Miami Med Ctr Div Urol Miami FL 33152 USA Stanford Univ Dept Econ Palo Alto CA 94304 USA

Objectives. To examine personal financial management among residents to answer three research questions: do residents make reasonable financial choices;why do some residents not save;and what steps can be taken to improve residents' personal financial decisions. Methods. Portions of the Federal Reserve Board's Survey of Consumer Finances were modified and piloted to elicit demographic, expense, saving, and income data. The final questionnaire was completed by 151 urology residents at 20 programs. Results. Comparing residents with the general population in the same age and income categories, the median debt/household income ratio was 2.58 versus 0.64. Residents had greater educational debt, greater noneducational debt, and lower savings. Resident participation in retirement accounts was 100% at institutions with employer-matching 401k or 403b plans, 63% at institutions with nonmatching 401k or 403b plans, and 48% at institutions without retirement plans for residents (P = 0.002). Fifty-nine percent of residents budgeted expenses, 27% had cash balances below $1000, 51% had paid interest charges on credit cards within the previous year, and 12% maintained unpaid credit card balances greater than $10,000. The median resident income was $58,400. Conclusions. A significant minority of residents appear not to make reasonable financial choices. Some residents save little because of a failure to budget, indebtedness, high projected income growth, or insufficient attention to personal financial management. Residents save more when they are eligible for tax-deferred retirement plans, particularly when their institution matches their contributions. Many residents would benefit from instruction concerning prudent financial management. UROLOGY 57: 866-871, 2001. (C) 2001, Elsevier Science Inc.

关键词： Income Internship and Residency Physicians Urology 收入实习医师和住院医师职务医师泌尿科学 Residency financial planning Income Financial Management Urology Personal Financing Retirement Credit cards Otolaryngologists indebtedness Internship and Residency

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Residency review committee for pediatrics : Its role and responsibilities

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JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2001年第3期139卷 341-342页

作者： McGuinness, G Univ Iowa Dept Pediat Iowa City IA 52242 USA

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Teaching continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis using a postmortem pig eye with simulated cataract

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JOURNAL OF CATARACT AND REFRACTIVE SURGERY 2001年第6期27卷 814-816页

作者： Hashimoto, C Kurosaka, D Uetsuki, Y Keio Univ Sch Med Dept Ophthalmol Shinjuku Ku Tokyo 160 Japan Santen Pharmaceut Co Ltd Tokyo Japan

We modified an inexpensive, easily prepared model using a postmortem pig eye for training ophthalmology residents to perform continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis, To reduce the tension and elasticity of the porcine anterior lens capsule, 0.05 mL of formalin mixed with hydroxyethylcellulose or a viscoelastic material is injected into the anterior chamber via the corneal limbus to fix the surface of the central anterior lens capsule of the pig eye in situ. One or 2 minutes after the injection, only the anterior lens capsule is fixed and corneal transparency is maintained. The reduction in tension and elasticity of the anterior lens capsule caused by its fixation increases the resemblance of the simulated cataract to the human cataract. J Cataract Refract Surg 2001;27:814-816 (C) 2001 ASCRS and ESCRS.

关键词： Capsulorhexis Cataract Cellulose Internship and Residency Ophthalmology 晶体囊撕裂术白内障纤维素实习医师和住院医师职务眼科学教学 Cellulose Capsulorhexis Cataract Eye Crystalline Lens Capsule Ophthalmology elasticity Limbus Corneae hydroxyethylcellulose Anterior Capsule of the Lens Internship and Residency

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Grade inflation or typographical error: The accuracy of residency applicants' information

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JOURNAL OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY 2001年第10期59卷 1215-1216页

作者： Kelly, JPW Hosp St Raphael Sect Oral & Maxillofacial Surg New Haven CT 06511 USA

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Long-distance relationships and emergency medicine residency

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ANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE 2001年第1期37卷 103-106页

作者： Guldner, GT Loma Linda Univ Med Ctr Dept Emergency Med Loma Linda CA 92354 USA

[Guldner GT. Long-distance relationships and emergency medicine residency. Ann Emerg Med. January 2001;37:103-106.]

关键词：适应心理学焦虑分离/心理学实习医师和住院医师职务人际关系医师/心理学应激心理学人类

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The effect of working serial night shifts on the cognitive functioning of emergency physicians

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ANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE 2001年第2期38卷 152-155页

作者： Dula, DJ Dula, NL Hamrick, C Wood, GC Geisinger Med Ctr Dept Emergency Med Danville PA 17822 USA

Study objective: We sought to determine whether working 5 serial night shifts in the,emergency department results in a decline in physician performance as measured with an intelligence test. Methods: This study compared the cognitive functioning of emergency physicians who worked the day shift (7 AM to 5 Pm) with those who worked 5 consecutive night shifts (11 Pm to 7 AM). The Fluid Scale of the Kaufman Adolescent and Adult - Intelligence Test (KAIT) was administered to 16 emergency medicine residents. Half of the residents (group A) were tested while working day shifts, and the other half (group B) were tested after working 5 consecutive night shifts. After a minimum interval of 2 months, the residents were retested in reverse order, with group A tested after working night shifts and group B tested while working day shifts. Results: A total of 16 emergency medicine residents were tested. A paired t test was used to determine whether day-shift KAIT scores are different from night-shift KAIT scores. The mean day-shift KAIT score was 119.1 (SD=7.7), and the mean night-shift KAIT score was 107.2 (SD=10.2). This difference was significant (mean difference=11.9;95% confidence interval 7.0 to 16.8;P < .001), with the day-shift scores being statistically higher than the night-shift scores. Conclusion: Working a series of 5 night shifts results in a substantial decline in cognitive performance in physicians working in the ED.

关键词：认知急救医学智力测验实习医师和住院医师职务工作安排忍受人类

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Emergency medicine in the Bahamas

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ANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE 2001年第6期38卷 684-688页

作者： Ezenkwele, UA Burnett-Garraway, C Green, GB Hosp Univ Penn Dept Emergency Med Philadelphia PA 19104 USA Princess Margaret Hosp Dept Accid & Emergency Nassau Bahamas Johns Hopkins Univ Sch Med Dept Emergency Med Baltimore MD USA

The Bahamas is an archipelago of 700 islands with the majority of the population concentrated on just 2 islands: New Providence and Grand Bahama, Most emergency medical services are provided by Princess Margaret Hospital and Rand Memorial Hospital located respectively on those 2 islands, A detailed description of the delivery, training, and organization of emergency medicine, as well as out-of-hospital care, is provided. Furthermore, disaster preparedness and the future direction of emergency medicine are discussed.

关键词：巴哈马群岛卫生保健提供/组织和管理救灾计划/组织和管理急救医疗服务/组织和管理急救医学/教育急诊室医院/组织和管理国际教育交流实习医师和住院医师职务专门化美国人类

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The ACGME competencies: Substance or form?

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JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF SURGEONS 2001年第3期192卷 396-398页

作者： Leach, DC ***

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Declining pediatric subspecialty training and rising educational debt

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JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2001年第1期138卷 149-151页

作者： Hardie, WD Jaskiewicz, JA Childrens Hosp Med Ctr Cincinnati OH 45229 USA

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Comparison of pain and time of procedures with two first-trimester abortion techniques performed by residents and faculty

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AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 2001年第7期184卷 1564-1567页

作者： Edelman, A Nichols, MD Jensen, J Oregon Hlth Sci Univ Dept Obstet & Gynecol Portland OR 97201 USA

OBJECTIVES: We compared pain perception and procedure time in abortions performed by residents and faculty using a manual vacuum aspirator and electric vacuum curettage devices. STUDY DESIGN: We conducted a randomized trial of 114 women undergoing first-trimester abortions. Patients assessed the level of pain with visual analog scales. RESULTS: The mean procedure times were 5.7 and 6.9 minutes, respectively, with electric vacuum curettage and manual vacuum aspirator. Faculty took less time than residents to perform both procedures. Patients reported a higher pain level with cervical dilatation before resident electric vacuum curettage procedures. Patients undergoing electric vacuum curettage thought that the procedure noise increased their pain. CONCLUSIONS: First-trimester abortion procedures can be performed more quickly by experienced surgeons. The procedure time for the manual vacuum aspirator is greater than that for the electric vacuum curettage. Patient pain perception with aspiration by these two techniques is not different. The level of pain after aspiration did not vary significantly in patients who had abortions performed by residents or faculty.

关键词：流产人工/副作用流产人工/方法刮除术院校全体教工实习医师和住院医师职务疼痛/病因学疼痛/病理生理学妊娠初期抽吸时间因素真空成年人女(雌)性人类妊娠

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