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"Between me and the computer": Increased detection of intimate partner violence using a computer questionnaire

ANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE 2002年第5期40卷 476-484页

作者： Rhodes, KV Lauderdale, DS He, T Howes, DS Levinson, W Univ Chicago Dept Med Sect Emergency Med Chicago IL 60637 USA Univ Chicago Dept Hlth Studies Chicago IL 60637 USA Univ Chicago Pritzker Sch Med Chicago IL 60637 USA Univ Toronto Dept Med Toronto ON Canada

Study objective: The emergency department is a problem-focused environment in which routine screening for intimate partner violence (IPV) is difficult. We hypothesized that screening for IPV during computer-based health-risk assessment would be acceptable to patients and improve detection. Methods: We performed a descriptive study of IPV data collected during a controlled trial of computer-based health promotion in an urban hospital ED. Patients received computer-generated health advice, and physicians received patient risk summaries. Outcomes were patient disclosure and physician documentation of IPV and associated risks. Results: Two hundred forty-eight patients (69% female, 90% black, mean age 39 years) participated in a clinical trial of computer-based health promotion in the ED. Of 170 women, 53 (33%) disclosed emotional abuse, and 25 (15%) disclosed physical abuse. Of 78 men, 22 (29%) disclosed emotional abuse, and 5 (6%) disclosed physical abuse. Patients were also willing to self-report a history or concern of hurting someone close to them. This was true for 21 (14%) women and 15 (22%) men. Controlling for demographic factors, disclosures of victimization and perpetration were associated with multiple psychosocial risks. Computer screening resulted in chart documentation in 19 of 83 potential cases of IPV compared with I case documented in the group that received usual care. Conclusion: Providing an opportunity for patients to confidentially self-disclose IPV has the potential to supplement current screening efforts and to allow providers to focus on assessment, counseling, and referral for those at risk. However, further measures will be needed to ensure that information gathered through computer screening is adequately addressed during the acute care or follow-up visit.

关键词：计算机机密家庭暴力/预防和控制家庭暴力/统计学和数值数据急诊室医院/统计学和数值数据健康促进普查/方法危险性评估/方法美国/流行病学市区人口成年人女(雌)性人类男(雄)性

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Emotional, physical and sexual violence against women before or during pregnancy

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BRITISH JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY 2000年第10期107卷 1306-1308页

作者： Irion, O Boulvain, M Straccia, AT Bonnet, J Hop Univ Geneve Unite Dev Obstret Dept Obstet & Gynaecol CH-1211 Geneva 14 Switzerland

The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of emotional, sexual or physical violence reported by women delivered at the University Hospital Geneva, a tertiary care university teaching hospital, where about 3000 women are delivered each year. This study showed that prevalence of violence against women is high, and is severely underestimated by health case providers.

关键词：队列研究置信区间家庭暴力/统计学和数值数据妊娠/心理学患病率性骚扰/统计学和数值数据瑞士/流行病学成年人女(雌)性人类

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Violence against women - International perspectives

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AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE 2000年第4期19卷 330-333页

作者： Garcia-Moreno, C WHO Global Program Evidence Hlth Policy CH-1211 Geneva 27 Switzerland

… when it comes to violence against women, there are no developed countries.” Charlotte Bunch1 Violence against women (VAW) is increasingly recognized internationally as one of the most pervasive violations of [women's] human rights,”1 and as a major public health problem.2 Despite this growing recognition, little reliable data exist on the magnitude of the problem and its consequences worldwide, about the way magnitude and risk factors vary across different settings and cultures, or on the effectiveness of interventions. This information is vital to finding appropriate responses; to making the best possible use of scarce resources; and, most important, to ensuring that women who experience violence receive appropriate support and that our interventions do not inadvertently put them at further risk.

关键词：被殴打妇女/统计学和数值数据家庭暴力/预防和控制家庭暴力/统计学和数值数据国际合作一级预防/组织和管理危险性评估妇女卫生世界卫生组织女(雌)性人类男(雄)性

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Domestic violence and the trauma surgeon

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AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY 2000年第2期179卷 134-140页

作者： Guth, AA Pachter, HL NYU Sch Med Bellevue Hosp Shock Trauma Unit New York NY USA

BACKGROUND: Domestic violence has become increasingly recognized as a public health problem, and was declared a national epidemic by C. Everett Koop in 1992. In the United States, 1 to 2 million women yearly suffer injuries due to domestic violence, and 30% to 50% of female homicides are committed by a present or former partner. The majority of these murder victims had either been seen in emergency rooms for prior domestic violence-related injuries, or had reported these injuries to the police. It is estimated that 50% of all acute injuries and 21% of all injuries in women requiring urgent surgery are the result of partner abuse. DATA SOURCE: Medline and current literature review. CONCLUSIONS: Health care professionals in the emergency room are an important contact with the victims of domestic violence, and timely identification and intervention can save lives. Overall, upwards of 35% of all emergency room visits by women are the result of domestic violence, whether due to acute injury, problems during pregnancy, or stress-related complaints. Unfortunately, domestic abuse is infrequently disclosed voluntarily by the patient, and often overlooked by the treating physician. Thus, the purpose of this review is to familiarize surgeons with the presentation and management of victims of this hidden epidemic. Am J Surg. 2000;179:134-140. (C) 2000 by Excerpta Medica, Inc.

关键词：虐待儿童/分类虐待儿童/诊断疾病暴发流行家庭暴力/预防和控制家庭暴力/统计学和数值数据急诊室医院/统计学和数值数据杀人/统计学和数值数据妊娠并发症/诊断公共卫生应激心理学/诊断外科学创伤学美国/流行病学创伤和损伤/分类创伤和损伤/诊断创伤和损伤/流行病学儿童女(雌)性人类妊娠

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Intimate partner violence fact sheet.

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International journal of trauma nursing 2000年第2期6卷 66-68页

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The 'Easy Street' Myth: Self harm among Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal female sole parents in urban state housing

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AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 1999年第1期23卷 77-85页

作者： Radford, AJ Brice, GA Harris, R Van der Byl, M Monten, H McNeece-Neeson, M Hassan, R Flinders Univ S Australia Dept Primary Hlth Care Adelaide SA 5001 Australia Univ Sydney Sydney NSW 2006 Australia Aboriginal & Torres Strait Islander Hlth Serv Hlth & Family Serv Canberra ACT Australia

Objective: To test the hypothesis that, controlling for socio-demographic factors, destructive behaviour among Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal female sole parents will not be significantly different. Method: This study took place among an urban population of sole parents in Adelaide, South Australia, living in government housing. Two sample subsets were made up of 52 Aboriginal and 45 non-Aboriginal mothers from similar postcodes. Trained interviewers administered a questionnaire which, in addition to basic demographic data, elicited information concerning finance, housing, upbringing, experience of abuse and police interaction. The major issue of concern in the study was suicide attempt. Results: 1-in-3 of the whole sample, 2-in-5 of the non-Aboriginal and 1-in-4 of the Aboriginal subset had attempted suicide at least once and half more than once. Statistical differences among 'attempters' vs. 'non-attempters', irrespective of ethnicity, included increased familial alcohol abuse, physical and sexual abuse, economic difficulty, poor self esteem and perceived discriminatory treatment by welfare agencies and, in the case of Aboriginals, by police. Conclusion: The social environment is critical to understanding destructive behaviour, including self-harm, regardless of culture or ethnicity. The data show that suicide attempts among female sole parents in State-housing is one of the few health indices for which Aboriginal statistics are less than for non-Aboriginals. Implications: It is evident that class, rather than ethnicity, better explains self-harm in this urban population. It is suggested that reluctance to access services, especially in times of crisis, relates in part to perceptions of care services and that, for Aboriginals, the value of culturally appropriate community-run services have specific public health and policy implications.

关键词：文化交叉比较家庭暴力/人种学家庭暴力/统计学和数值数据欧洲大陆世系人群/心理学大洋洲世系人群/心理学警察政府补助住房建筑问卷调查随机分配单亲/心理学社会经济因素南澳大利亚/流行病学物质相关性障碍/人种学自杀未遂/人种学自杀未遂/统计学和数值数据市区人口成年人女(雌)性人类

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The implications of domestic violence for home care providers.

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International journal of trauma nursing 2000年第2期6卷 48-53页

作者： Attala, J.M. Weaver, T.L. Duckett, D. Draper, V. Barnes College of Nursing University of Missouri-St. Louis United States

The effects of domestic violence are revealed in shelters for battered women, but with more emphasis on prevention, cues to violence may first be detected in home settings. The most common injury sites involve the upper body. Based on a 2-year record (N = 153) review at a shelter for battered women, prevalence of injuries, health conditions and substance use were examined. Most women (82%) reported injuries, and most had past injuries severe enough to require surgery or hospitalization. This article educates home care providers about the types of abuse they are likely to find in women from violent homes and their health implications.

关键词：被殴打妇女/统计学和数值数据社区保健护理/方法危机干预家庭暴力/预防和控制家庭暴力/统计学和数值数据家庭医疗保健服务住房创伤和损伤/流行病学创伤和损伤/护理创伤和损伤/预防和控制女(雌)性人类男(雄)性

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