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Health status of employed and unemployed methadone patients

JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE ABUSE TREATMENT 2000年第3期18卷 287-289页

作者： Widman, M Lidz, V DiGregorio, GJ Platt, AK Robison, L Platt, JJ Med Coll Penn & Hahnemann Univ Inst Addict Disorders Philadelphia PA 19102 USA Univ Penn Hlth Syst Inst Aging Philadelphia PA 19104 USA Med Coll Penn & Hahnemann Univ Dept Pharmacol Philadelphia PA 19102 USA

While conducting pre-employment training groups at methadone clinics for a research study, Widman et al observed that many participants seemed ill beyond the effects of substance use or withdrawal. They assessed the p... 详细信息

关键词：残疾鉴定就业/统计学和数值数据健康状况美沙酮/治疗应用动机麻醉品/治疗应用阿片相关性障碍/心理学阿片相关性障碍/康复费城回顾性研究失业/统计学和数值数据成年人女(雌)性人类男(雄)性

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Accelerated second degree advanced practice nurses: How do they fare in the job market?

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NURSING OUTLOOK 2000年第5期48卷 218-222页

作者： White, KR Wax, WA Berrey, AL Virginia Commonwealth Univ Dept Hlth Adm Profess Grad Programs Richmond VA 23284 USA Virginia Commonwealth Univ Accelerated Second Degree Nurse Practitioner Prog Richmond VA 23284 USA

Accelerated, nontraditional, advanced practice nursing programs are an alternative way to increase the supply of nurse practitioners. This study profiles demographic and job characteristics of second degree, non-nurse college graduates who pursued graduate degrees in nursing. Graduates' sex, age, income, previous education, nursing experience, factors describing the scope of the advanced practice role, and quality of the educational experience were studied. Data were collected from 29 graduates (57%) from Virginia Commonwealth University's accelerated second-degree nursing program from 1995 through 1999, The findings have implications for nursing educators, health care administrators, employers, and other persons who plan and recruit for this type of nursing education program.

关键词：医务工作者的态度教育护理学士/组织和管理教育护理研究生/组织和管理就业/统计学和数值数据职务说明卫生服务使用研究开业护士/教育开业护士/组织和管理开业护士/心理学护理教育研究职业自主权专业能力方案评价问卷调查薪金和附加福利/统计学和数值数据弗吉尼亚成年人女(雌)性人类男(雄)性中年人

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ASSESSING HOSPITAL NURSING STAFF RETENTION AND TURNOVER - A LIFE TABLE APPROACH

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EVALUATION & THE HEALTH PROFESSIONS 1989年第1期12卷 73-96页

作者： BENEDICT, MB GLASSER, JH LEE, ES UNIV TEXAS SCH PUBL HLTHAUSTINTX 78712

This research applied the life table technique to nursing personnel data in two types of hospitals to illustrate how administrators can examine patterns of continued employment. Although a large proportion of nurses were short-stay employees, the teaching hospital was found to have a higher retention rate than the community hospital corporation. The retention patterns are examined by personal and professional characteristics, as well as by reason for termination. Implications of our findings are discussed with respect to policy concerns related to hiring, retention, productivity, and staff development.

关键词：保险统计分析就业/统计学和数值数据医院社区/人力医院教学/人力护理人员医院/供应和分配人员管理/统计学和数值数据人员调整/统计学和数值数据回顾性研究美国西南部妇女就业女(雌)性人类

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Job continuity among new mothers

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DEMOGRAPHY 1999年第2期36卷 145-155页

作者： Klerman, JA Leibowitz, A Rand Corp Santa Monica CA 90407 USA Univ Calif Los Angeles Sch Publ Policy Los Angeles CA 90024 USA

In the early 1990s, both state and federal governments enacted maternity-leave legislation. The key provision of that legislation is that after a leave of a limited duration, the recent mother is guaranteed the right to return to her preleave employer at the same or equivalent position. Using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, we correlate work status after childbirth with work status before pregnancy to estimate the prevalence, before the legislation, of returns to the preleave employer. Among women working full-time before the pregnancy, return to the prepregnancy employer was quite common. Sixty percent of women who worked full-time before the birth of a child continued to work for the same employer after the child was born. Furthermore, the labor market behavior of most of the remaining 40% suggests that maternity-leave legislation is unlikely to have a major effect on job continuity Compared with all demographically similar women, however;new mothers have an excess probability of leaving their jobs.

关键词：选择行为 Logistic模型模型理论母亲/统计学和数值数据双亲假/立法和法学双亲假/统计学和数值数据美国妇女就业/统计学和数值数据成年人女(雌)性人类婴儿婴儿新生妊娠

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Retirement, the nursing workforce, and the year 2005

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NURSING OUTLOOK 2000年第5期48卷 211-217页

作者： Minnick, AF Rush Univ Coll Nursing Chicago IL 60612 USA

This analysis of workforce projections confirms that early employment withdrawal by registered nurse baby boomers could have a profound effect on US health care. The available policy mechanisms to encourage or discour... 详细信息

关键词：年龄因素就业/统计学和数值数据就业/发展趋势预测卫生服务使用研究需求估价护理人员/供应和分配护理人员/发展趋势退休/统计学和数值数据退休/发展趋势薪金和附加福利美国成年人人类中年人

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The employment and use of nurse practitioners and physician assistants by rural hospitals

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JOURNAL OF RURAL HEALTH 1997年第1期13卷 45-58页

作者： Krein, SL UNIV MINNESOTA RURAL HLTH RES CTR2221 UNIV AVESESUITE 112MINNEAPOLISMN 55414 USA

Nurse practitioners and physician assistants are both important resources for the delivery of health care services in rural areas. Nevertheless, little is known about the demand for their services by rural employers. The purpose of this study was: (I) to describe and compare the employment and use of nurse practitioners and physician assistants by rural hospitals in an eight-state region in the northwestern United States (Minnesota, North Dakota, South Dakota, Iowa, Montana, Idaho, Oregon and Washington);and (2) to examine how different market and organizational factors influence the employment of nurse practitioners and physician assistants by rural hospitals. Data for the study were collected through telephone interviews of rural hospital administrators (N=407) and analyzed using both descriptive tables and logistic regression. Study results show that rural hospitals are important employers of both nurse practitioners and physician assistants, although there is a greater demand for than supply of both types of practitioners. Moreover, there are several differences in the characteristics of hospitals that employ the different types of practitioners. Rural hospitals use nurse practitioners and physician assistants to enhance their delivery of outpatient services, and a major factor related to the employment of nurse practitioners and physician assistants by rural hospitals is the Rural Health Clinic program. The majority of hospitals that use nurse practitioners, as well as those that use physician assistants, indicate that nurse practitioners and physician assistants can prescribe medications and order lab tests and X-rays, but considerably fewer report that nurse practitioners and physician assistants have admitting or discharge privileges. Physician assistants appear to provide a more expanded scope of services in rural hospitals. Nonetheless, rural hospitals seem to employ nurse practitioners and physician assistants for similar reasons: (1) to extend care, assi

关键词：美国医院协会数据收集数据说明统计就业/统计学和数值数据医院乡村/分类医院乡村/人力医务人员医院开业护士/供应和分配开业护士/利用护理人员医院医师助理/供应和分配医师助理/利用美国

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Structural determinants of the abortion rate: A cross-societal analysis

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SOCIAL BIOLOGY 1999年第1-2期46卷 62-81页

作者： Trent, K Hoskin, AW SUNY Albany Dept Sociol Albany NY 12222 USA

Data for a sample of 89 countries are used to examine societal-level predictors of the legal status of abortion and its incidence as indicated by abortion rates. Measures of socioeconomic development, women's labor force participation, and dominant religion are considered as predictors of abortion. Logistic regression analysis reveals that socioeconomic development has a positive effect on the probability of abortion being legal. Both a greater dominance of Catholicism and Islam in a society reduce the probability that abortion is legal. Results of tobit analyses show that development has curvilinear effects on abortion rates, with lower rates of abortion at both the lower and higher ends of development. Findings also indicate a positive effect of female labor force participation on the abortion rate that initially grows stronger with increases in socioeconomic development, but weakens with further increases. Finally, a greater proportion of Catholics in a population lowers the abortion rate.

关键词：流产人工/统计学和数值数据流产合法/统计学和数值数据文化交叉比较比值比回归分析宗教社会经济因素妇女就业/统计学和数值数据女(雌)性人类妊娠

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Say it ain't so, Norm! Reflections on who we are

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SOCIAL WORK 2000年第5期45卷 463-466页

作者： Gibelman, M Yeshiva Univ Wurzweiler Sch Social Work Doctoral Program New York NY 10033 USA

\"Norm,\" an ABC sitcom about a hockey player who is doing social work as community service to stay out of jail for tax fraud, conveys a negative image of social workers, yet the character is indeed a social worker by BLS standards. A look at how the government collects and maintains data about social workers can shed light on public perceptions and misperceptions about the social work profession.

关键词：就业/统计学和数值数据伦理学职业专业业务舆论社会工作/统计学和数值数据美国女(雌)性人类男(雄)性

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Career patterns of dental hygienists in Scotland

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BRITISH DENTAL JOURNAL 2000年第1期189卷 34-36页

作者： Callis, RD Wohlgemuth, BG Edinburgh Dent Inst Edinburgh EH3 9YW Midlothian Scotland Edinburgh Postgrad Dent Inst Edinburgh EH3 9YW Midlothian Scotland

Objective To study career patterns of dental hygienists in Scotland Subjects and methods Questionnaires were sent to all the dental hygienists enrolled with the General Dental Council in 1998 who had addresses in Scotland and those who were alumni of Scottish Schools of Dental Hygiene within the past 10 years. Results There was a 58.7% response (334 out of 569). A net loss of trained hygienists was not found. The results suggested that most would remain in employment for at least 30 years and about a third would retire early. Half were in full-time employment and 60% had been in continuous employment. Most of the remainder had personal reasons for ceasing work 39% had refused employment because of the poor level of pay. Conclusions The introduction of the a-year course has reduced output from schools of dental hygiene and demand for hygienists is high. Little hard information exists to support manpower planning in this area. This study suggests that there is little wastage of trained dental hygienists in Scotland. More data is required concerning employment opportunities and potential unmet demand for this group of PCDs to establish the number of training places required.

关键词：社区牙科学/统计学和数值数据牙科卫生人员/教育牙科卫生人员/统计学和数值数据牙科卫生人员/供应和分配教育专业再培训/统计学和数值数据就业/统计学和数值数据开业医生牙科/统计学和数值数据专业业务/统计学和数值数据退休/统计学和数值数据薪金和附加福利/统计学和数值数据苏格兰成年人人类中年人

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Pathways to retirement: Patterns of labor force participation and labor market exit among the pre-retirement population by race, Hispanic origin, and sex

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JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES B-PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES 2000年第1期55卷 S14-S27页

作者： Flippen, C Tienda, M Princeton Univ Off Populat Res Princeton NJ 08544 USA Univ Chicago Populat Res Ctr Chicago IL 60637 USA

Objectives. This study examines the pre-retirement labor force participation behavior of Black, White, and Hispanic men and women to determine how patterns of labor market exit differ among groups. Methods. We combine data from the first and second waves of the Health and Retirement Study and apply multinomial legit regression techniques to model labor force status in the first wave of the HRS and change over time. Results. Black, Hispanic, and female elderly persons experience more involuntary job separation in the years immediately prior to retirement, and the resulting periods of joblessness often eventuate in "retirement" or labor force withdrawal. Minority disadvantage in human capital, health, and employment characteristics accounts for a large part of racial and ethnic differences in labor force withdrawal. Nevertheless, Black men and Hispanic women experience more involuntary labor market exits than Whites with similar socioeconomic and demographic characteristics. Discussion. Workers most vulnerable to labor market difficulties during their youth confront formidable obstacles maintaining their desired level of labor force attachment as they approach their golden years. This has significant policy implications For the contours of gender and race/ethnic inequality among elderly persons, particularly as life expectancy and the size of the minority elderly population continue to increase.

关键词：非洲裔美国人/统计学和数值数据文化交叉比较就业/统计学和数值数据欧洲大陆世系人群/统计学和数值数据西班牙裔美国人/统计学和数值数据 Logistic模型人员减少/统计学和数值数据回归分析退休/统计学和数值数据性别因素社会经济因素美国老年人女(雌)性人类男(雄)性中年人

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