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安徽医科大学学报 2005年第1期40卷 98-98,F003页

作者：张书梅杨森杜文辉梁波安徽医科大学第一附属医院皮肤性病科合肥230022

安徽省爱滋病疫情呈快速上升趋势，截止2004年6月底，全省有16个市54个县(市)共发现HIV／AIDS患者2256例，其中AIDS患者1178，死亡398例。专家预计，今后几年将是安徽省HIV感染者发病、死亡的高峰期。虽然目前我国HIV的传播途径以吸毒... 详细信息

安徽省爱滋病疫情呈快速上升趋势，截止2004年6月底，全省有16个市54个县(市)共发现HIV／AIDS患者2256例，其中AIDS患者1178，死亡398例。专家预计，今后几年将是安徽省HIV感染者发病、死亡的高峰期。虽然目前我国HIV的传播途径以吸毒为主，但异性性行为传播所占比例逐年增加，根据国际上HIV传播的规律及目前我国的情况，异性性传播将成为爱滋病的主要传播途径。为了解近6年来我院性病门诊初诊者HIV抗体检测情况，为性病患者的艾滋病预防与控制提供信息，我们对1998年7月份～2004年11月期间，我科性病实验室HIV抗体筛查情况进行分析。

关键词： HIV抗体/分析性传播疾病/流行病学

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Sexually transmitted disease (STD) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in South East Asia

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CLINICS IN DERMATOLOGY 1999年第2期17卷 127-135页

作者： Ismail, R Univ Malaya Dept Med Kuala Lumpur 59100 Malaysia

This article reports on the prevalence of AIDS and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in Southeast Asia. The spread of HIV infection in this region has been predicted to be worse than that of Africa. The high-prevalence countries are Thailand, Cambodia, and Myanmar, where prevalence rates in the population at risk (15-49 year olds) are up to 2%;while low prevalence countries with rates of 0.1% include the Philippines, Indonesia, Laos, Brunei, and Singapore. Heterosexual transmission in Southeast Asia is the main mode of spread of HIV. Another route is through migration, rural-to-urban or international migration of people seeking jobs;with concurrent loneliness and anonymity, they become vulnerable to STDs and HIV infection. Intravenous drug use poses an increasing risk of transmission. The unavailability of data in some countries makes it difficult to evaluate the extent of the epidemic or if there's an impending epidemic. There are a number of caveats to the data compilation from various countries. These include the following: under-reporting of cases;underdiagnosis;missed diagnosis;and differences in the time of data collection. It is clear that poverty, illiteracy, and poor access to educational information in most countries in this region facilitate the rapid spread of HIV. These coupled with lack of primary health care services, and in most instances, enormously high cost of drugs make the pain and suffering due to the HIV/AIDS epidemic a human disaster far worse than the ravages of war.

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Why include men? Establishing sexual health clinics for men in rural Bangladesh

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HEALTH POLICY AND PLANNING 1998年第2期13卷 121-130页

作者： Hawkes, S Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res Div Publ Hlth Sci Dhaka 1000 Bangladesh

Subsequent to recommendations from the 1994 United Nations International Conference on Population and Development, and given recent findings outlining the links between control of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and a reduction in HIV incidence, many countries are now seeking to establish STI control programmes. In many cases this is through a policy of providing comprehensive reproductive health care through the maternal and child health/family planning (MCH-FP) system. This involves management of all reproductive tract infections including STIs. This paper demonstrates how such an approach may miss one of the largest target groups - men. In general, men are at higher risk of initially contracting STIs, but, once infected, their clinical management is usually simpler than treating equivalent infections in women. It is argued that these two factors alone make the inclusion of men in STI control programmes critical. The paper outlines the experiences of one programme in rural Bangladesh in establishing sexual health clinics for men within the existing service structure. In response to client demand, the clinics moved beyond simple STI care towards provision of comprehensive sexual health services. Finally, the paper argues that whilst including men in sexual health programmes should never be at the expense of providing services for women, excluding them from service provision may make the objectives of STI control programmes unattainable.

关键词：孟加拉国/流行病学社区卫生中心/组织和管理社区卫生中心/发展趋势男人病人接受卫生保健的程度方案评价公共卫生管理乡村卫生服务/组织和管理乡村卫生服务/发展趋势性传播疾病/流行病学性传播疾病/预防和控制成年人人类男(雄)性

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GYNECOLOGIC DISEASE IN YOUNG, SEXUALLY ACTIVE WOMEN

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AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 1976年第7期126卷 880-889页

作者： RODDICK, JW SO ILLINOIS UNIV SCH MEDDEPT OBSTET & GYNECOLSPRINGFIELDIL 62708

There has been a significant change in adolescent sexual behavior in the past decade. This report of 1,594 young, sexually active women, primarily from middle and upper socioeconomic backgrounds, identifies the obstetric and gynecologic problems characteristic of the group. While supposedly in a low-risk category these patients displayed a high incidence of cervical epithelial abnormality, problem pregnancy, and other obstetric and gynecologic abnormality. The incidence of veneral disease was somewhat lower than anticipated.

关键词：年龄因素子宫颈/病理学生殖器疾病女(雌)性/流行病学伊利诺伊收入性行为性传播疾病/流行病学宫颈非典型增生/流行病学宫颈非典型增生/病理学青少年成年人儿童女(雌)性人类

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Cigarette smoking, sexually transmitted diseases, and HIV/AIDS

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY 2000年第1期39卷 1-9页

作者： Wolf, R Freedman, D Tel Aviv Sourasky Med Ctr Dept Dermatol Tel Aviv Israel Tel Aviv Univ Sackler Sch Med IL-69978 Tel Aviv Israel Univ Coll Dublin Dept Med Dublin 2 Ireland St James Hosp Dept Genitourinary Med Dublin 8 Ireland

Studies the influence of smoking on sexually transmitted diseases and AIDS. Research on the relationship of smoking with other risk behaviors; History of the relationship of smoking with herpes simplex virus and cervi... 详细信息

关键词： HIV感染/流行病学 HIV感染/病因学危险因素冒险性行为性传播疾病/流行病学性传播疾病/病因学吸烟/副作用人类

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Managing sexually transmitted diseases in the tropics: is a laboratory really needed?

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TROPICAL DOCTOR 2000年第1期30卷 42-46页

作者： Mayaud, P Mabey, DCW Univ London London Sch Hyg & Trop Med Dept Infect & Trop Dis Clin Res Unit London WC1E 7HT England

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Syndromic management for sexually transmitted diseases: back to the drawing board

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STD & AIDS 1999年第7期10卷 423-434页

作者： Hudson, CP City Hlth Dept STD Clin Durban South Africa

Syndromic management for STD has become a key component of the global response to the HIV epidemic, largely due to the findings of a randomized trial in Mwanza (Tanzania). After controlling for HIV prevalence at baseline, this trial demonstrated a reduction in community HIV incidence of approximately 40% when syndromic management was used in local primary health-care facilities. Basic science also favours a role for STD in increasing HIV transmission. However, the failure of another trial in Rakai (Uganda) to have an effect on HIV incidence has caused a crisis in understanding of the role of STD in the AIDS epidemic. This review explains why the 2 trials could be entirely consistent, re-examines the basis of syndromic management, and suggests new algorithms based on revised priorities.

关键词：非洲/流行病学算法抗菌药/治疗应用抗感染药/治疗应用衣原体感染(糖原)/流行病学衣原体感染(糖原)/预防和控制尖锐湿疣/流行病学尖锐湿疣/预防和控制疾病管理淋病/流行病学淋病/预防和控制 HIV感染/人种学 HIV感染/预防和控制疱疹单纯/流行病学疱疹单纯/预防和控制发病率患病率性传播疾病/流行病学性传播疾病/预防和控制梅毒/人种学梅毒/预防和控制滴虫感染/流行病学滴虫感染/预防和控制儿童女(雌)性人类男(雄)性

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Regarding "A case control study of sexually transmitted disease and risk of testicular cancer"

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ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY 2003年第7期13卷 541-542页

作者： Husson, G Herrinton, LJ Kaiser Permanente Div Res Oakland CA 94612 USA

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The Swiss Network of Dermatology Policlinics HIV prevalence study: Rationale, characteristics and results (1990-1996)

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SOZIAL-UND PRAVENTIVMEDIZIN 1999年第1期44卷 1-7页

作者： Paget, WJ Batter, V Zwahlen, M Swiss Fed Off Publ Hlth Div Epidemiol & Infect Dis CH-3003 Bern Switzerland

The Swiss Network of Dermatology Policlinics (SNDP) has monitored the prevalence of HIV among patients treated for a sexually transmitted disease (STD) since January 1990. A questionnaire was sent to each policlinic in the network (Basel, Bern, Geneva, Lausanne, and two in Zurich) to collect information on their participation in this study and the characteristics of the network. The responses reveal that the six policlinics followed the HIV prevalence study protocol in a uniform manner and had similar logistical and organisational characteristics. HIV prevalences in this population were high (1.6% among heterosexuals, 24.0% among male homo/bisexuals, and 35.7% among injecting drug users), have remained stable, and vary considerably by policlinic. In conclusion, we found that the policlinics have correctly implemented the HIV prevalence study and that the SNDP is a homogeneous sentinel surveillance system. Knowledge of the organisation and characteristics of the SNDP has allowed us to better interpret and present our data, and we recommend that other sentinel surveillance systems of this type collect this sort of in formation.

关键词：门诊医疗设施流行病学方法 HIV血清患病率/发展趋势问卷调查哨点监测性传播疾病/流行病学皮肤疾病/流行病学瑞士/流行病学女(雌)性人类男(雄)性

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Task force for the urgent response to the epidemics of sexually transmitted diseases in eastern Europe and central Asia

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STD & AIDS 1999年第1期10卷 60-62页

作者： Waugh, MA Gen Infirm IUSTI Leeds LS1 3EX W Yorkshire England

In summary, members of the TF/STD: share the common goal of reducing the STD burden and slowing the spread of HIV in the most affected and vulnerable countries in eastern Europe and central Asia. Contribute financially, technically or in-kind to the implementation of a joint strategy which aims: -- to create an enabling environment for STD prevention and control, and -- to strengthen the local capacity for STD prevention and care; engage in a continuous exchange of information, collaborative partnerships and coordination of activities at regional as well as country level through the TF/STD and in-country interagency working groups, respectively; concur with the priority areas for international support consisting of advocacy and policy, STD drugs, condoms, educational materials, training, applied research and surveillance; meet twice a year to review implementation progress and the need for additional assistance; as advocates of TF/STD, call on partners and other organizations to join in this important new initiative.

关键词：亚洲/流行病学疾病报告/统计学和数值数据疾病暴发流行欧洲/流行病学 HIV感染/流行病学性传播疾病/流行病学作业完成和分析人类

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